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    Ancient Architecture

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    Vaughn Jay Gonzales
    The Great Pyramid of Giza is the largest and oldest of the three pyramids located in Giza, Egypt. Built as a tomb for the pharaoh Khufu around 2560 BC, it was the tallest man-made structure in the world for over 3,800 years. The pyramid was covered in limestone casing stones and had an inner chamber naming Khufu, though the stones have since been removed or fallen, revealing its core structure.

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    Ancient Architecture

    Uploaded by

    Vaughn Jay Gonzales
    93 views5 pages
    The Great Pyramid of Giza is the largest and oldest of the three pyramids located in Giza, Egypt. Built as a tomb for the pharaoh Khufu around 2560 BC, it was the tallest man-made structure in the world for over 3,800 years. The pyramid was covered in limestone casing stones and had an inner chamber naming Khufu, though the stones have since been removed or fallen, revealing its core structure.

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    The Great Pyramid of Giza is the largest and oldest of the three pyramids located in Giza, Egypt. Built as a tomb for the pharaoh Khufu around 2560 BC, it was the tallest man-made structure in the world for over 3,800 years. The pyramid was covered in limestone casing stones and had an inner chamber naming Khufu, though the stones have since been removed or fallen, revealing its core structure.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    93 views5 pages

    Ancient Architecture

    Uploaded by

    Vaughn Jay Gonzales
    The Great Pyramid of Giza is the largest and oldest of the three pyramids located in Giza, Egypt. Built as a tomb for the pharaoh Khufu around 2560 BC, it was the tallest man-made structure in the world for over 3,800 years. The pyramid was covered in limestone casing stones and had an inner chamber naming Khufu, though the stones have since been removed or fallen, revealing its core structure.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    Great Pyramid of Giza

    The Great Pyramid of Giza (also known as the Pyramid of Khufu or


    the Pyramid of Cheops) is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in
    the Giza pyramid complex bordering present-day Giza in Greater
    Cairo, Egypt. It is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World,
    and the only one to remain largely intact.
    Based on a mark in an interior chamber naming the work gang and a
    reference to the Fourth Dynasty Egyptian pharaoh Khufu,
    some Egyptologists believe that the pyramid was thus built as a tomb over
    a 10- to 20-year period concluding around 2560 BC. Initially standing at
    146.5 metres (481 feet), the Great Pyramid was the tallest man-made
    structure in the world for more than 3,800 years until Lincoln Cathedral was
    finished in 1311 AD. Originally, the Great Pyramid was covered by
    limestone casing stones that formed a smooth outer surface; what is seen
    today is the underlying core structure. Some of the casing stones that once
    covered the structure can still be seen around the base. There have been
    varying scientific and alternative theories about the Great Pyramid's
    construction techniques. Most accepted construction hypotheses are based
    on the idea that it was built by moving huge stones from a quarry and
    dragging and lifting them into place.
    Mastaba

    A mastaba (/ˈmæstəbə/,[1] /ˈmɑːstɑːbɑː/ or /mɑːˈstɑːbɑː/) or pr-djt


    (meaning "house of eternity" or "eternal house" in Ancient Egyptian) is a
    type of ancient Egyptian tomb in the form of a flat-roofed, rectangular
    structure with inward sloping sides, constructed out of mud-bricks.
    These edifices marked the burial sites of many eminent Egyptians during
    Egypt's Early Dynastic Period and Old Kingdom. In the Old Kingdom
    epoch, local kings began to be buried in pyramids instead of in mastabas,
    although non-royal use of mastabas continued for over a thousand years.
    Egyptologists call these tombs mastaba, from the Arabic word ‫مصطبة‬
    (maṣṭaba) "stone bench".
    Parthenon

    The Parthenon (/ˈpɑːrθəˌnɒn, -nən/; Ancient Greek: Παρθενών; Greek:


    Παρθενώνας, Parthenónas) is a former temple[4][5] on the Athenian
    Acropolis, Greece, dedicated to the goddess Athena, whom the people of
    Athens considered their patron. Construction began in 447 BC when the
    Athenian Empire was at the peak of its power. It was completed in 438
    BC, although decoration of the building continued until 432 BC. It is the
    most important surviving building of Classical Greece, generally
    considered the zenith of the Doric order[by whom?]. Its decorative
    sculptures are considered some of the high points of Greek art. The
    Parthenon is regarded as an enduring symbol of Ancient Greece,
    Athenian democracy and Western civilization,[6] and one of the world's
    greatest cultural monuments. To the Athenians who built it, the
    Parthenon and other Periclean monuments of the Acropolis were seen
    fundamentally as a celebration of Hellenic victory over the Persian
    invaders and as a thanksgiving to the gods for that victory.[7]
    Colosseum

    The Colosseum or Coliseum (/ˌkɒləˈsiːəm/ KOL-ə-SEE-əm), also known


    as the Flavian Amphitheatre (Latin: Amphitheatrum Flavium; Italian:
    Anfiteatro Flavio [aɱfiteˈaːtro ˈflaːvjo] or Colosseo [kolosˈsɛːo]), is an
    oval amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy. Built of
    travertine limestone, tuff (volcanic rock), and brick-faced concrete,[1] it
    was the largest amphitheatre ever built at the time and held 50,000
    spectators. The Colosseum is situated just east of the Roman Forum.
    Construction began under the emperor Vespasian in AD 72[2] and was
    completed in AD 80 under his successor and heir, Titus.[3] Further
    modifications were made during the reign of Domitian (81–96).[4]
    These three emperors are known as the Flavian dynasty, and the
    amphitheatre was named in Latin for its association with their family
    name (Flavius).
    Hagia Sophia

    Hagia Sophia (/ˈhɑːɡiə soʊˈfiːə/; from the Greek `Αγία Σοφία,


    pronounced [haˈʝia soˈfia], "Holy Wisdom"; Latin: Sancta Sophia or
    Sancta Sapientia; Turkish: Ayasofya) is the former Greek Orthodox
    Christian patriarchal cathedral, later an Ottoman imperial mosque and
    now a museum (Ayasofya Müzesi) in Istanbul, Turkey. Built in AD 537
    before the Middle Ages, it was famous in particular for its massive
    dome. It was the world's largest building and an engineering marvel of
    its time. It is considered the epitome of Byzantine architecture[1] and is
    said to have "changed the history of architecture".[2] The Hagia Sophia
    construction consists of mostly masonry. The structure is composed of
    brick and mortar joints that are 1.5 times the width of the bricks. The
    mortar joints are composed of a combination of sand and minute
    ceramic pieces displaced very evenly throughout the mortar joints. This
    combination of sand and ceramic pieces could be considered to be the
    equivalent of modern concrete at the time.[

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