NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

Syllabus
Department of Chemistry

One Year Master’s Course

Effective from the Session: 2013-2014

1
National University
Subject: Chemistry
Syllabus for One-Year Master’s Course
Effective from the Session: 2013-2014

Paper Code Paper Title Credits

312801 Special Topics in Physical Chemistry 4
312803 Organic Synthesis and Reaction Mechanism 4
312805 Advanced Co-ordination Chemistry and Group Theory 4

312807 Inorganic Polymers and Macromolecules 4

312809 Environmental Chemistry 4
312811 Spectroscopy and Its Application 4
312813 Food Chemistry 4
312814 Practical 6
312816 Viva-Voce (Course) 2
312818 Thesis 8
312820 Viva-Voce (Thesis) 2
Total= 36

1. Group A (General Group): M.Sc. degree in chemistry requires 36 credits. It includes 28

credits of theory Papers, 6 credits of practical and 2 credits on Paper viva-voce.

2. Group B (Thesis Group): M.Sc. degree in chemistry requires 36 credits. It includes 24

credits of theory Papers, 8 credits thesis, 2 credits for Paper viva-voce and 2 credits for thesis
defense.

3. The following 5 theory courses are compulsory only for students for thesis group.
(Special Topics in Physical Chemistry, Organic Synthesis and Reaction Mechanism,
Advanced Coordination Chemistry and Group Theory, Environmental Chemistry,
Spectroscopy and its Application).
Detailed Syllabus
Paper Code: 312801 ------ Credits: 4 Class Hours: 120 hrs.
Paper Title : Special Topics in Physical Chemistry

1. Reactions in solutions: Models for chemical reactions in solution, diffusion and

activation controlled reactions, effects of solvent and ionic strength of reactions, entropy
changes in ionic reactions, acid base catalysis, The Bronsted linear free energy relations.
2. Heterogeneous catalysis: Preparation, general description of heterogeneous catalyst,
transition state theory of heterogeneous reactions, specificity and selectivity in catalysis,
catalysis activity and the strength of chemisorption.
3. Mechanism of heterogeneous catalysis: The Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism, the
Eley-Rideal mechanism, and general considerations in the determination of
heterogeneous reaction mechanisms.
4. Studies of Solid surfaces and adsorbed species: Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy
(UPS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), LEED, Auger electron spectroscopy
(AES).
5. Theoretical basis of energy conversion: The efficiency of heat engines, fuel cells,
energy storage, photoelectrochemical conversion, gasification of coal synthetic fuels,
alternative and renewrable sources of energy, solar energy.
6. Morphology in crystalline polymers: Configuration fo polymer chains, degree of
crystallinity melting temperature of polymers (Tm) and determination of Tm
classiffication of crystalline polymers, effect of chain flexibilty and other stered factors,
effect of side chain substitution and effect of copolymerization onTm .
7. Properties of polymers: Rheological behavior of amorphous polymers, viscous flow,
rubber chain viscoelasticity, Hooken elasticity, glassy state and glass transition (T).
mechanical properties of crystalline polymers, electrical conduction in polymers,
electrical conductivity, ionic conduction, conductive polymers.
9. Polymer processing: Plastic technology (molding and extrccsion), fiber technology
(textile and fabric properties) elastomer technology (Vulcanization and reinforcement).

Books Recommended:

1. The foundation of Chemical Kinetics, Sidney W. Benson, McGraw-Hill Book Company,

USA
2. Kinetics and Mechanism, A.A. Frost and R.G. Pearson, John Wiley & Sons. New York.
3. Chemicals Kinetics and Dynsmics, J.J. Steinfield, J.F. Francisco and W.L. Hase, Prentice
Hall, 1989.
4. Chemical Kinetics, Kenneth A. Connors
5. An Introduction to Chemisorption and Catalysis by Metals, R.P.H. Gasser, Clarendon
Press. Oxford.
6. Text book of polymer Science, F.W. Billmeryer. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1984
7. Physical Chemistry of Macromolecules, Charles Tanford, Wiley, New York, 1961
8. Properties of polymers, their estimation and correlation with chemical structures, D.W.
Vakrevelen and P.J Hoftyzer, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1976
9. Selected articles from recent Journals.
Paper Code: 312803 ------ Credits: 4 Class Hours: 120 hrs.
Paper Title : Organic Synthesis and Reaction Mechanism

1. Molecular orbital and frontier orbitals: Huckel molecular orbital (HMO) method,
evaluation of aromaticity and the (4n+2) Rule in terms of HMO method, calculation of
resonance energy by using A(coulomb integral) and B (resonance integral).
2. Experimental route: A brief treatment of how to design route for synthesizing a terget
compound, selection of appropriate methods and reagents.
3. Reaction intermediates: Reaction intermediates in organs synthesis with particular reference
to carbenes, Ketenes and N-oxides.
4. Organometallic reagents in organic synthesis: Utilization of organometallic compounds of
alkali metals, alkaline earth metals boron, tin silicon and other important metals.
5. Oxidation and reduction methods in synthesis: Dissolving metal reduction, reduction with
hydrazine and its derivatives, oxidation with chromimum and managnese compounds,
peracids and peroxides, mercuric acetate and selenium dioxide.
6. Sterroselective synthesis : Stereoselective, diasteroselective and enantioselective synthesis.
7. Design of drug synthesis: Structure-activity relationship, use of retrosynthesis in designing
synthesis of biologically important organic copounds, synthesis of some typical medicinal
compounds-Ascorbic acid. β-corotene penicillin, cephalosporcin C-prostaglandins (F2 and
E2), taxol, etc.

Books Recommended:
1. Steresoselective Synthesis in Organic Chemistry: Atta-ur-Rahman & Zahir Shah,
Springer-Verlag.
2. Principles of Organic Synthesis: Norman, Methuen &Co. Ltd.
3. Modern Synthetic Reactions: H.O. House
4. Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions mechanism and structure-Jerry March.

Paper Code: 312805 ------ Credits: 4 Class Hours: 120 hrs.

Paper Title : Advanced Co-ordination Chemistry and Group Theory

1. Group Theory: Properties of groups, sub-groups, classes, application of symmetry polar

molecules, chiral molecules, optical isomers, symmertry and platonic,character tables and
symmeetry level, interpretation of character tables, character tables of chemically important
symmetry, groups constitution of molecular orbitals, matrices, conjugate matrices, matrix
notation for geometric transformation, symmetries of molecular vibrations, modes of
vibrations, representation of groups, reducible and irreductilbe representations, rules of
irreducible representations and their characters.
2. Co-ordination Chemistry: Cluster complexes and quadruple M-M bonds. Superlarge
clusters. FFCM clusters, capping rules, higher oxidation clusters, methods of synthesis,
transition in M-M system, construction of energy level diagrams for transition metal
complexes, term symbols, application of AOM octahedral, tertahedral and square planar
complexes, LCAOs and SALCs, homonuclear, diatomic and heteronuclear diatomic
molecules of trnsition metals, magnetic properties, Wals correlation diagram.
3. Reaction mechanisms of d-metal complexes: Patterns of reactions, classifications of
mechanism, clusters in catalysis symmetry rules for chemical reactions, frontiter orbital
concept and for reactions of CO, hard and soft metal ions and ligands, klnetic and
thermodynamic stability of complexe, substitutions in square-planar and octahedral
complexes, separation of isomers, redox reactions. Mercer equation, photochemical reactions
reactions of coordinated ligands.
4. Organometallic chemistry: Ligand group orbitals of olefins, MOs of metal-olefin
complexes, MOs for sandwich compounds, orgnometallic compounds of arsenic, antimony
and bismuth and their transition metal analogues, reactivity of d and f-block organometallics.
5. Spectroscopic properties of transition metal complexes: Spectroscopic terms, terms of
d-configuration, ligand field transitions, LMCT and MLCT transitions, luminesense, spectral
of lanthanide and actinide complexes, circular dichroism, EPR spectroscopy, spectra of M-M
bonded complexes.

Books Recommended:
1. Inorganic Chemistry, 3rd ed. Duward shriver and peter atkins, freeman
2. Chemistry of structure and Bonding, Roger L.Dekock and hary B Gray University seten
............. Books.
3. Inorganic Chemistry, Gary L.Miessler and Donald A torr, Prentice-Hall.
4. Chemical Applications of Group Theory. 3rd Ed. FA Cotton, Johan Wiley.
5. Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, 6th Ed. FA Cotton, G Wilkinson. CA Murillo and Mantired
Bochman John Wiley.
6. Inorganic Chemisty, 3rd Ed. James E. Huheey, Haroer collins.
7. Infrared and Raman Spectra of Inorganic and coordination of compounds, 4th Ed. K
Nakamoto, John Wiley

Paper Code: 312807 ------ Credits: 4 Class Hours: 120 hrs.

Paper Title : Inorganic Polymers and Macromolecules

1. Inorganic Polymers: General survey of Inorganic Polymers, classification of inorganic

Polymers, Study of some typical inorganic Ploymeric Systems.
(i) Silicone Polymers (ii) Silicates (iii) Phosphonitrilic Polymer (Phosphazenes) (iv)
Phosohates (v) Borates (vi) Boranes (vii) Borazines (viii) Shlphur-Nitrogen Polymers (ix)
Sulphanes (x) Fluorocarbons (xi) Metal co-ordination polymers (xii) Metal alkoxides (xiii)
Metal cluster systems.

2. Macromolecules: The chelate and macrocyclic systems, types of ligands, macrocylic amino
ligands, aromatic amines, azodiencs and related compounds.

3. Supramolecular Chemistry: Conceptual foundations of supramolecular chemistry,

supramolecular, bio-organic, bio-inorganic and bio-mimetic chemistry from molecular
materials to supra molecular structures, molecular recognition, molecular and supramolecular
devices, molecular photonic devices, molecular electronic devices, molecular ionic devices,
molecular self-organization, chemionics.
4. Supramolecular systems: Host-guest chemistry with cations and anions, bio-inorganic and
bioorganic model compounds, clathrate inclusion compounds.

5. Macrocyclclic ligands and conjugated system: Phthalocyanines, schiff base ligands,

polypyrozolyl borate ligand.

6. Metallobiomolecules: Chlorophyll, vitamin B12 and coenzyme B12 , cytochrome C,

nitrogenase, PO4 in biomolecules : ATP, DNA, RNA.

7. Nanomaterials: Bulk Behavior of Nabornaterials, Methods for the Synthesis of

Nanornaterials, Chemical Application of Nano meterials, Kinetics of Chemical Reactions in
Nanosystems.

Books Recommended:

1. Modern Aspects of Inorganic Chemistry, H. J. Emeleus and J.S Anderson.

2. Modern Aspects of Inorganic Chemistyr, 5th Edition, F.A Cotton and G Wilkinson
3. Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, 5th Edition, FA Cotton and G Wilkinson
4. Structure Inorganic Chemistry, A.F.Wells
5. Structural Inorganic Chemistry, Ketelaar.
6. Inorganic Polymers, FGA Stone and Wag Graham.
7. Inorganic polymer chemistry, FGR Gimblett.
8. Developments in Inorganic Chemistry, MF Lappert and FJ Leigh.
9. Chapters in Avnaces In Inorganic Chemistry and Radiochemistry Series,
HJ Emeleus and Ag Sharpe.
10. Chapters in process in Inorganic Chemistry Series. FA Cotton.
11. Selected Topics From quarterly Reviews and journals.
12. F. Vogtle, Supramolecular Chemistry, John Wiley and Sons, 1993.
13. Frontiers in Supramolecular organic chemistry and Photochemistry, Edited by H. J.
Schneider and H. Durr, VCH, 1991.
14. Supramolecular Chemistry: Concepts and perspective, J. M. Lehn.

Paper Code: 312809 ------ Credits: 4 Class Hours: 120 hrs.

Paper Title : Environmental Chemistry

1. Basic Concept of Environmental Chemistry and its Scope: Fundamental components and
structure of the environment, lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere, their
natural and chemical compositions, structure of the atmosphere.
2. The atmosphere of the earth: Its origin; composition; practical aerosols, clouds, cyclic
processes: nitrogen, oxygen, water carbon dioxide, sulphur, carbon cycles, link between
biosphere an atmosphere, radiative heating, solar radiation, temperature profile vertical
transport, winds, structure of troposphere, mesosphere staratosphere and ionosphere,
inversion layer in the tropsophere.

3. Air pollution: Criteria and non-criteria pollutants, primary and secondary pollutants, toxic
effect of various pollutants, some formation, acid rain.

4. Greenhouse effect: in the troposphere and its impact on global warming, various green
house gases, their sources and the individual contribution, CO2 concentration in the
atmosphere, methane emission from rise fields, international legislative initiatives, GHG
trading and clean technology.

5. Strotospheric ozone depletion: υν spectrum of oxygen and ozone, Chapman mechanism for
the fomation of ozone layer catalytic processes, ozone depletion, role of CFCs, ozone
depletion potential (ODP) of CFCs, ozone measurement in the stratosphere earth station and
satellite stations. Ozone hole, its detection and its formation, impact of stratospheric ozone
depletion degradative measures, HCFCs and their ODP.

6. Water pollution: General causes of water pollution, types of chemical pollutants in water,
inorganics, organics, nutrients, pesticides, PCBs, PAHC, toxic heavy matels radioactivity in
water, detergents etc. physical, chemical and biological characteristics of wastewater,
industrial polluents, industrial wastewater treatment – coagulation, flocculation and filtration
techniques, municipal water treatment, water quality parameters and standards,
measurements of important parameters such as pH, DO, BOD, COD and temperature for
water quality assessments.

7. Heavy metals in the environment: Trace metals, light metals and heavy metals, deadly
havey metals, sources of heavy metals, biochemical effects, Toxicity, toxicology, control and
treatment of mercury, chromium, arsenic and lead.

8. Waste disposal: Waste materials and their appropriate disposal by proper chemical &
biological treatment disposal of domestic and hospital/medical wastes.

9. National policy for the protection of the environment: Environment Law in Bangladesh,
national environment quality standards (EQS), EEC and WHO guidelines for air and water
quality.

Books Reecomended :
1. Basic concept of Environment Chemistry – Des. W. Connell. Lewis Publishers.
2. Fundamental Concept of Environmental Chemistry-G.S. Sodhi, Narosa Publishing House
3. Environmental Chemistry (7th Ed.)- Ltaney E. Manahan.
4. Environmental Chemistry – A.K. Dey. 4th Ed.
5. Environmental Pollution Analysis – Khoopkar, Willey Eastern Ltd.
6. Environmental Chemistry – stoker & Seager
7. Handbook of Environmental Chemistry Series: Ed. O. Hutginger.
8. Environmental Toxicology – M. Stake, T. Mida, M.S. Sethi, S.A Iqbal, H.
Yasuhisa and S. Laguchi.
9. Air Polltion – M. N Rao and H.V.N. Rao.
10. Metal Pollution of the Aquatic Environment, U. Fostner and GTW Witmann 2nd S. Laguchu
11. Environmental Hazards, Keith Smith, Second Edition Routledge.
12. Air monitoring by spectroscopic technique – M.W. Sigrst (Edited) Johan Wiley, 1994
13. Aquatic Chemistry, 3rd Edition, Wener Stumm and James J. Morgan.
14. Environmental Chemistry: A modutal approch – Ian Williams, Joha Wiley.
15. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry Series: Ed. O. Hutzinger
16. Metal Pollution of the Aquatic Environmental U. Forstner and GTW Wittmann 2nd Edition.
17. Metal Contamination of Food- Corner Reilly.
18. Environmental Hazards-Keith Smith, Second Edition, Routledge.
19. Environmental Chemistry – Samir K. Banerji, Second Edition Prentice Hall of India.
20. Principles of Envirnmental Chemistry-H. Hothandaraman, Gee Swami nathan, B.I.
Publications (Pvt.) Ltd.
21. Environmental Toxicology, M. Satake, Y. Miso, M. S. Sethi, S. Iqbal, H. Yasuhisa and S.
Taguchi, Discovery Press 2001.
22. Organic Chemicals: An Environmental Perpective Alasdair Neilsort, Lewis Publishers.

Paper Code 312811 ------ Credits: 2 Class Hours: 120 hrs.

Paper Title: Spectroscopy and Its Application

1. Ultra-violet and visible spectra of organic and inorganic compounds: Woodward-

Hoffman rules for the calculation of λmax, solvent effect on band position; conjugated
system, chromophore. stereo chemical aspects, Kinetic studies using uv-visible spectroscopy.
spectra of complex compounds-free ions. d’ configuration and correlation diagrams, Tanabe-
Sugano diagrams. UPS and XPS.
2. Infra-red spectra of organic compounds: Characteristics group frequencies, assignment of
spectral bands, structural factors, including common organic functional groups affecting
group frequencies, frequency shifts associated with structural changes in the compounds
containing hetero atoms, applications in structure elucidation and investigation of reaction
mechanism, combined infra-red and Raman spectroscopic studies of structure determination,
infra-red spectra of transition metal complexes infra-red spectra of absorbed species.
3. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy: Nuclear spin; common nuclei with spin (1H,
13
C, 15N, 19F, 31P), interaction of magnetic field with nuclear spin; Larmour procession,
resonance absorption of radiation: the spectrometer: n.m.r. spectrum; chemical shift;
shielding and deshielding of nuclei; spin-spin coupling, coupling constant: vicinal, geminal,
ortho, para and meta coupling. Proton exchange reactions; rotation about single bonds;
variable temperature spectra-geminal non-equivalence; relaxation; NOE Simplification of
complex spectrum; Fourier Transform spectra; Two dimensional n.m.r. spin-decoupling;
Application of n.m.r. in the investigation of chemical reactions. COSY and NOESY.
4. Mass spectroscopy: Techniques of ionization, electron impact; fast atom bombardment,
field desorption, photoinization, multiphoton ionization thermal methods, principles of mass
separation, sector magnet technique, quadzupole mass separator, time of flight mass
spectrometer, ion optics, sampling for mass spectrometric measurements, molecular beam
sampling. Ionization potentials and measurements, fragmentation of ions, rearrangement of
ions, base peak, molecular mass determination mass spectra of various classes of compounds,
structure elucidation by combined application UV, IR, NMR (1H, 13C), EMS and FAB-mass
spectroscopy.
5. Structure elucidation by spectroscopy: Joint application of UV, IR, NMR and Mass
spectroscopy in the structure elucidation of organic compounds- illustration with the spectra
of typical commounds.
Books Recommended:
1. The structure of Molecules; G.M. Barrow
2. Introduction of Molecular Spectroscopy; G.M. Barrow
3. Fundamental of Molecular Spectroscopy; C.N. Banwell
4. The Infrared Spectra of Complex Molecule; L.J. Bellamy
5. Ultraviolet and Visible Spectroscopy; Rao
6. Molecular Spectroscopy; Rayfmond Chang
7. Spectra of Diatomic Molecule; Hertzberg
8. Spectroscopy Methods in Organic Chemistry, D.H. Willium and J. Flemming. McGraw Hill,
New York.
9. Spectroscopic identification of Organic Compounds, Silverstein, Bassier and Morrill. Joh
Willey and sons.

Paper Code: 312813 ------ Credits: 4 Class Hours: 120 hrs.

Paper Title : Food Chemistry

1. General introduction: Food, macro and micro-nutrients in food, digestion, absorption,

metabolism.
2. Carbohydrate: Source of different types of starch and their comsumption. Glycemic index
of starch. dietary fiber (DF), importance of high and low DF content in staple food,
addition of DF in bakery and other food products, cereals and their uses.
3. Chemistry of proteins: Fish, meat, eggs, milk and milk products, lentils etc and their
nutritional values.
4. Chemistry of lipids: Source, edible and non-edible fats/oils, their occurrence and
consumption in food items. free fatty acid, ω-fatty acids, trans-fatty acids and their effects
on human health.
5. Sugars: Plant sugar and artificial sweeteners (saccharine, cyclamate, sucroluse, sorbitol,
aspartame, dipeptide etc.) in food items.
6. Food additives: Natural coloring agents and preservatives in food stuff, isolation of
iycopene fromtomatoes, carotenes and tocopheroles, flavonoids and anthocyanenes from
vegetables.
7. Toxicants: Natural occurring toxicants in foods (anthocyanines, aflatoxins, safrole etc.). Use
of medicinal plants in diet, synthetic toxicants in poultry meat, fish, soft drink and other
food stuff.
8. Genetically modified food: Introduction, Methodology and future prospect.
9. Food adulteration: Adulteration in spice, oils and other food stuff.
10. Food technology: Constituents, Juice production from different fruits, production of
vegetable and corn oils and their preservations.
11. Food additives and food preservatives: Their chemistry, application and Limitations.

Books Recommended:
1. Food Chemistry, L. H. Meyer, Reinhold Publishing Corporation, New York.
2. Chemistry of Food and Nutrition, H. C. Sheman, The Macmillan Company, New York.
3. Advanced Text Book on Food and Nutrition, Vol-I and II, 2nd edn., M. Swaminathan,
Bappco, India.
4. Introductory Foods, 16th edn., M. Bennion, Merrill Prentice Hall, N.J.
5. Food Science and Nutritional Health: An Introduction. T.P. Labuza and J. W. Erdman,
Jr., West Publishing Co.
6. Food Science, 2nd edn., H. Charley, John Wiley & Sons. Inc. New York.
7. Foods and Food Production Encyclopedia, D.M. Considine and G.D. Considine, Van
Nostrand Reinhold Co.

Paper Code: 312814 ------ Credits: 6

Paper Title : Practical

To perform three experiments one from each group (Physical/Organic/Inorganic-Analytical)

each of six hours duration over day.

A. Physical Chemistry Experiments:

1. Spectrophotometric determination of pKa value of methyl re indicator.
2. Study of kinetics of photodegradation of a dye using spectrophotometer.
3. Study of physico-Chemical properties of a binary liquid mixture.
4. Determination of acid dessociation constant of a diamine a different inonic strengths.
5. Detemination of stability constants of a metal diamine complex by pH measurements.
6. Study of kinetics of alkaline hydrolysis of ethyl acetate conductometrically at different
temperratures and calculation on energy of activation of the reaction.
7. Determination of Fe2+ ion concentration in a given solution by potentiometric tilration and the
determination of the value of standared redox potential of Fe2+ / Fe3+ .
8. Characterization of a polymer: Determination of density, molar mass and radius of the
polymer.

B. Organic Chemistry Experiments:

a) Determination of the percentage of hydroxyl group in the spplied sample.
b) Separation of organic compounds from a mixture by chromatographic method and
identification thereof.
a) Estimation of an amine in the supplied organic sample.
b) Preparation of an organic compound, which is used as a common medicine like aspirin of
paracetamol.
a) Preparation of two derivatives of an organic compound containing bifunctional group and
identification of the organic compound there from.
b) Chromatographic separation of organic compounds from a mixture.
a) Estimation of the total amount of carboxylic acid supplied in gram.
b) Determination of the amount of phenol in a supplied organic sample.
a) To find and discuss the effects of supplied various solvent systems upon the rate of the S N1
reaction.
b) To Study the conversion of Benzil to Benzilic acid through a base catalyzed rearaangement.

C. Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Experiments:

a) Determination of Nickel in a sample using Murexide indicator.
b) Determination of coper and znic in a given mixture by EDTA titration.
a) Estimation of total and permanent hardness of water complexometrically using Erichrome
black-T.
b) Determination of calcium in presince of Magnesium using calcon as indicator.
3. Preparation and characterization of tristhiourea cuprous sul dihydrate Cu(3tu)2 SO4, 2H2O.
4. Preparation of Potassium trioxalate aluminate and estimatic oxalate and aluminate.
5. Preparation of Cis and trans forms of K[Cr2C2O4.2H2O]3H2O.

Paper Code: 312816 ------ Credits: 2

Paper Title : Viva-Voce (Course)

Paper Code: 312818 ------- Credits: 8

Paper Title : Thesis

Paper Code: 312820 ------ Credits: 2

Paper Title : Viva-voce (Thesis)