Chapter III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter contains research design, determination of sample size, sampling

design and technique, the subject, the research instrument, validation of research
instrument, data gathering procedure, data processing method, and statistical
treatment.

Research Design

This study used descriptive survey design. Since this design suited to the
researcher research problem “Impact of not bringing cellphones of the Senior Hig
Students of St. Louise de Marillac School of Bulan." Wherein the subject varies among
themselves, and this determined the extent to which different condition and situation are
taken with in the subject.

In addition, descriptive survey design is practical in obtaining the values of facts

and focuses attention on the most important phenomena of being reported in this study.
It is also necessary to discover the psychological and social aspect of research by way
of application or implementation of facts, to recognize between facts or influences.

The researcher utilized survey questionnaire in gathering and collecting data, for
answering the research questions, that requires facts, sufficient and accurate
interpretation.

Determination of Sample Size

The researcher determined the sample size to be included in research as the

respondent. The formula use in getting the sample size is:

Formula:

Ss = NV+(Se)2 x( 1-p)

NSe +(V)2 x( 1-p)

Where:

S2= Sample size

N= Total number of population

V= Standard value (2.58) of 1 percent level of probability

Se= Sampling error (0.01)

P= Larger possible proportion (0.25)

S5= NV+ [ (SE)2 x (1-P) ]

N SE + [ (V)2 x P ( 1-P) ]

= 100(2.58) + (0.01)2 x (1-0.25)

100(0.01) + (2.58)2 x 0.25(0.25)

= 258 + 0.0001 x 0.75

1 + 6.6564 x 0.25(0.25)

= 258 + 0.000075

1 + 6.7189

= 258.000075

7.7189

= 33.42446 or 33
Hence, the total sample size is thirty-three (33) out of total population of one
hundred (100) after computing the sample size. The researcher delimit the sample size
to be included in research thirty (30). The three (3) of sample size was used in test and
retest method to determine the validity and reliability.

Sampling Design and Technique

This research study focuses on the Impact of not bringing cellphones by the
thirty (30) selected Senior high student in St. Louise de Marillac School of Bulan and
according to the researcher purpose and convenience. This study uses the nonscientific
or nonprobability purposive convenience sampling technique. More over the
researchers selected the thirty (30) senior high student as the sample due to good
evidence and they are readily available for this study. The researchers recruited the
subjects according to the inclusive criteria of the researchers and sought their
cooperation and support.

Subjects

Prior to getting the subject in this study, the researcher asked a written
permission from the school administration to gather the total population of the senior
high students of SLMSB.

Out of the thirty subject from the senior high school department: level I XI ABM is
five (5) with the percentage of 17%; level II XI STEM eight (8) with the total percentage
of 27%; level III XII TVL seven (7) with the total percentage of 23%; level IV XII ABM ten
(10) with the total percentage of 33%.

Table I.I Distribution of the Subject add additional column for original amount of
students for each year level

Total Population, Sampling Size, Percentage

N=100
Senior High Department Frequency Percentage

Level I (XI ABM) 5 17%

Level II (XI STEM) 8 27% Research

Level III (XII TVL) 7 23% Instrument, fix
Level IV (XII ABM) 10 33% grammar and
TOTAL 30 100% parts and
subparts

The tool used in the study was a self-made questionnaire. It was comprised of two
main parts and four sub-part. The two main parts, part one is comprised of cognitive
followed by psychomotor then psychosocial and attitude and behavior.

It is a five-point Likert scale that was (5) - excellent, (4) – very good, (3) – good, (2) –
poor, (1) – needs improvement. Cognitive consist of 5 questions, psychomotor consist
of 5 questions, while the psychosocial consists of 5 questions and lastly the
attitude/behavior consists of 5 questions in which respondent rate, in which respondents
rate, the impact of not bringing mobile phones at school of the senior high students of
St. Louise de Marillac School of Bulan. The second main part of questionnaire is
preferred mobile phones to enhance academic performance.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers will distribute a survey form to each section in order to

determine the users of mobile phones and must be accomplished within one week. After
the researchers collected the survey forms, a list of the respondents which are mobile
phone users will be organized then copies of the main questionnaire will be produced.
The copies of the main questionnaire will depend on the number of the respondents.
However, extra copies will be reproduced if some respondents loss their questionnaires.
The respondents will be given one day allowance to answer the main questionnaire. An
officer of each section will be selected to distribute and collect the questionnaires. Once
the deadline of the questionnaires arrived, the researchers will coordinate with the
officers to retrieve all the questionnaires completely. The questionnaires gathered will
contain all the needed data for the study and it will be organized, summarized,
analyzed, and interpreted.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The researchers used the following formulas to analyze the results of the survey:

Frequency is the number, proportion, or percentage of items in a particular category in a

set of data, while percentage is the proportion or share in relation to a whole. This
technique is used to determine the percentage of our respondents out of total
population in terms of frequency of not bringing mobile phones at school.

Through this, the researchers also determined the percentage of the respondents who
are affected by the influence of mobile phones. The formula for frequency and
percentage is:

P = ------- x 100 %

Where: P is percentage

f is number of respondents falling under a particular category

N is total number of population

The mean, or average, is the sum of the values divided by the total number of values.
This determined the average result of the data gathered from different respondents.

Where:

Represents the sample mean

N represents the total number of respondents

X represents the frequency

Validity and Reliability of the Instrument

The initial draft of the questionnaire was submitted to the researchers subject
teacher for corrections and suggestions. Several changes were made over the course
of time to refine the questionnaire. Some items in the proposed draft were found
irrelevant and therefore omitted. The researchers used the test-retest method for the
reliability of the research instrument. To test the reliability of the instrument, the
questionnaire was given to the respondents at two separate times. The revised
questionnaire was validated by the respondents, the students of the senior high
department of St. Louise de Marillac School of Bulan. The coefficient correlation
between the first and second administration of the questionnaire was computed with the
use of the Spearman rank coefficient of correlation or Spearman rho to test the validity.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers wrote a letter to the administration office to find out how many students
are currently enrolled at St. Louise de Marillac School of Bulan in the senior high
department. We were informed that there are almost 180 students enrolled in the senior
high department.

The total population of this study is 100 students (20) XI ABM (28) XI STEM (23) XII
TVL (29) XII ABM. Since the population is one hundred sample size were taken with the
result of thirty-three (33). The included respondent were thirty and the remaining three
were utilized for the test and retest for the validity and reliability of the research
instrument.

Out of the thirty subject from the senior high school department: level I XI ABM is
five (5) with the percentage of 17%; level II XI STEM eight (8) with the total percentage
of 27%; level III XII TVL seven (7) with the total percentage of 23%; level IV XII ABM ten
(10) with the total percentage of 33%.

This study uses the nonscientific or nonprobability purposive convenience

sampling technique in order to REASON FOR USING THE PROPOSED SAMPLING
METHOD. The remaining students were used to find out the validity and reliability of the
questionnaire. The research study focusses on the Impact of not bringing mobile
phones at school of the thirty (30) selected senior high student in St. Louise de Marillac
School of Bulan, and according to the researcher purpose and convenience.

The data for this research was collected using a survey questionnaire. The
survey was created using suitable questions modified from related research and
individual questions formed by the researchers. The survey is divided into two parts.
The first part is comprised of four categories: Cognitive, Psychomotor, Psychosocial and
Attitude/ Behavior.

Data Processing Method

Once the questionnaire was refined, the researchers asked permission from the
dean and chair of senior high department in order to conduct the research. It was
explained to the chair that the researchers planned to survey the senior high students to
conduct research on how not bringing mobile phones enhanced the academic
performance of the students. Once permission was granted from the chair, the
questionnaire was distributed. These were distributed to the senior high students at St.
Louise de Marillac School of Bulan. The researchers found out the senior high students
schedule and sought them out during the class. The researchers asked permission from
their perspective teachers if they could distribute the surveys. Participants were given
time to respond and then the researchers collected the surveys within that day. There
were no incentives offered for participating in the research.

Upon retrieval of the questionnaires, the researchers tabulated the findings and
analyzed the data. The data gathering was systemized. The researchers had made an
assessment with regards to the effect of not bringing mobile phones to enhance
academic performance by the senior high students of St. Louise de Marillac School of
Bulan, academic year 2019-2020. The responses were analyzed with the subjects
considered whole, only differentiating them by their strands.

Statistical Treatment

Upon the completion of the questionnaire retrieved the researchers analyzed,

organized and interpreted data in the study. The researchers used statistical tools for
treatment of data like chi-square, percentage, ranking and weighted mean, in the
"Impact of not bringing cellphones of the senior high students of St. Louise de Marillac
School of Bulan."

These helped the researchers gather and compare data. The following are the tools
used in the study.

Chi-Square Test. Often used to determine whether there is a goodness of fit. It is alsoused to
test the association of categorical data and to test the hypothesis of independence of two
variables of classification.

Solution:
(0i –Ei)2

X2= Ei

Where:

Oi= observed frequency in the ith category

Ei= expected frequency in the ith category

Percentage and Ranking. To get the percentage of the profile, the total frequency is divided
by the number of cases multiplied by 100. (Calmorin, L.,2001).

Solution:

P=f

Where:

P = percentage

f = frequency

N = total number of respondents

Weighted Mean (WM). The weighted mean is obtained by multiplying the

number of responses by the given weight and dividing results by the total number
of respondents (Calmorin.L.,2001).

Solution:

WM = fx

Where:

WM = weighted mean

fx = summation of weighted frequencies

N = total number of respondents

Justification of the Study

The formula for the computation of percentage distribution is

f
% x 100
N
where :
%  percentage
f  frequency
N  total number of respondents
Weighted Mean - Averaging the quantities by attracting more significance to some of
the numbers than the others. We accomplish this by assigning weighs to the quantities,
where the weight represents measure their relative importance.
x
  f  w
n
where :
x  the weighted mean
f  frequency
n  total number of cases
One-way Analysis of Variance- is a method for dividing the variation observed in
experimental data into different parts; each part assignable to a known source, cause or
factor (Ferguson, 1976).
MSB
F
MSW

where :
MSB  Mean Square Between
MSW  Mean Square Within
A t-test is any statistical hypothesis test in which the test statistic follows a Student's t
distribution, if the null hypothesis is supported. It is most commonly applied when the
test statistic would follow a normal distribution if the value of a scaling term in the test
statistic were known. When the scaling term is unknown and is replaced by an estimate
based on the data, the test statistic (under certain conditions) follows a Student's
distribution.