IMPLICATION OF STRAND MISMATCH ON THE COURSE

CHOICES OF FIRST YEAR COLLEGE STUDENTS OF THE

UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY NORTH CONGRESSIONAL

BATCH 2019-2020

To be submitted to:
GRACE B. TAMONDONG

Research Adviser

Submitted by:
Mangune, Kervin Justin

Abad, Paula Faye

Domingo, Jacqueline

Dumagat, Kimberly

Ebias, Mary Rose

Olinar, Glyzel

Sabar, Geline

Tarog, Princess Hannah

Zenarosa, Hannah
The study is entitled “IMPLICATION OF STRAND MISMATCH ON THE
COURSE CHOICES OF FIRST YEAR COLLEGE STUDENTS OF THE
UNIVERSITIES OF CALOOCAN CITY NORTH CONGRESSIONAL
BATCH 2019-2020”, is published and presented by Kervin Justin Mangune,
Paula Faye Abad, Jacqueline Domingo, Kimberly Dumagat, Mary Rose
Ebias, Glyzel Olinar, Geline Sabar, Princess Hannah Tarog, and Hannah
Zenarosa as part of their requirements in the subject Practical Research II,
reviewed and recommended for oral examination.

Grace B. Tamondong

Research Adviser
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER PAGE

CHAPTER I
Introduction………………………………………………………………………………….1

Background of the Study………………………………………………………………….2

Statement of the Problem…………..……………………………………………………..3

Assumptions…………………………………………………..…………………………….6

Significance of the Study…….……………………………………………………………7

Scope and Limitation……………………………………………………………………….8

Definition of Terms……………………………………………………………………….…9

CHAPTER II
Review of Related Literature…………………………………………………………..…13

Local Literature……………………………………………………………………………..13

Foreign Literature……………………..……………………………………………………15

Local Study…………………………………………………………………………………..17

Foreign Study………………………………………………………………………………..19

Conceptual Framework…………………………………………………………………....21

Paradigm……………………………………………………………………………………..23
CHAPTER III
Research Methodology……………………………………………………………………24

Research Design……………….…………………………………………………………..24

Sampling Techniques……………………….……………………………………………..24

Respondents…………………………..…………………………………………………….25

Research Instrument……………………………………………………………………….25

Data Gathering Procedure………………………………………………………………. .26

Statistical Treatment…………………………………………………………………….....26

CHAPTER IV

Data Analysis……………………………………………………………………………….27

CHAPTER V

Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………….30

Reccomendataion……………………………………………………………………………31

References…………………………………………………………………………………….32
CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

College education is indeed necessary in honing individuals for the real life

situations waiting outside; it will give profits such as long-term financial gain, job

stability, career satisfaction, better life skills and experiences. Senior high school is said

to be a preparation for college. Its tracks and strands will help in directing incoming

college students in choosing what course they will take. However, a mismatched strand

to their intended course may bring them conflict. If their senior high school strand is

unrelated to their current tertiary education course, that is when strand mismatch starts.

Choosing a course carefully is an important factor which will give direction to a

student’s academic career and success. On the other hand, mismatch matters because

it may greatly affect academic outcomes and many aspects later on. Mismatches are

defined as the difference between a student's place on the ability spectrum, and of their

school on a quality index.

The problem of strand mismatch arises the time Philippine educational system is

changed to K-12 curriculum. The current curriculum adds another two years in the

educational system, which is called the senior high school. The senior high school is the

stage wherein the students choose their preferred track and strand which should be

aligned to their preferred course in college. In case that their chosen track and strand is

not aligned and related to their chosen course the problem of strand mismatch will arise.
2

The current educational system just implemented a few years ago the problem strand

mismatch should be expected.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Nisen (2018) of Business Insider Inc. finds significant levels of mismatch which is

under-match, where high potential students attend low- quality schools and over-match

meaning less able students go to high quality institutions. However, in nearly all cases,

mismatch doesn't come from the admissions side, but from the decisions that students

and their parents make.

Furthermore, according to two economists, Dillon and Smith (2015) emphasized

that they are not saying all mismatch is bad for students or colleges. But they say that

the large percentage of mismatched students suggests a need for admissions officers,

high school counselors and others to think about the issue.

Lu (2016) Vice President for Basic Education at St. Francis of Assisi College

explained that strands are similar to college courses and as soon as JHS, students

must already know what course they want to have in college. Webdev (2015) indicated

that academic track is the one that equip the students for the most college courses

some examples are business management, engineering and the sciences.

3

Aguado et. al (2015) studied that the personal career choice of the students with

the support of their parents can greatly affect the level of interest in pursuing their track.

According to Okiror and Otabong (2015), 30% of the 116 BS Agriculture students in an

African University pursue agriculture because it is their personal interests. 20%

considered the benefits that they can get if they have a degree in agriculture, 15% of the

result said that they have a background in farming, 15% were because of what their

parents wanted for them, and 10% came from the seminar conducted during the

secondary level about the career guidance program.

According to League of Filipino Students (2018), bridging program in various

senior high schools under k-12 from commission on Higher Education (CHED) should

be implemented which it provides guidance for senior high school students into their

higher education program admission. This program is made to require "mismatched

curriculum" with the course that they are planning to take in college. Also, those who

didn't took the needed subjects in accordance to their course will take additional two

years for those certain subjects.

Chi (2018) of CNN Philippines emphasized that senior high school was also

deemed as a preparation for college. It said to give students the basic structure of all

general education subjects in college. It will be really useless if the department will not

conduct an intensive research on its first enforcement.

4

According to Philippine Basic Education (2018), students who got wrong track in

senior high school will take additional courses which are now called “bridging

programs”. As an example from Saint Joseph College in Maasin, Leyte, The bridging

program schedule of non-stem students who are under the said program spent eighty

hours on pre-calculus and basic calculus. The next two weeks, a total of eighty hours

were also rendered to physics, and they are supposed to take a five day course where

in each day is eight hours for General Chemistry. This was quite intense and obviously,

these need additional time, effort and money. The National Union of students in the

Philippines is really unpleased with these bridging programs. The problem, does not

only limit to added time and money. The certainty of whether these bridge programs are

efficient or not remain unsure.

The K-12 curriculum in the Philippines with its tracks and strands simply forces

students to decide a career path at a young age. The incorrect choices made

unfortunately have serious effect. Thus, this prompted the researchers to conduct this

study entitled, “Implication of Strand Mismatch on the Course Choices of First Year

College Students of the University of Caloocan City Congressional batch 2019-2020”

5

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

1. What are the causes of strand mismatch on the course choice of first year college

students of University of Caloocan City North Congressional?

1.1 altering decisions

1.2 influence of peer

1.3 Parental choice/family pressure

1.4 financial incapacity

2. What are the implications of strand mismatch on the course choices of the first year

college students of University of Caloocan City North Congressional?

2.1 in their academic performance

2.2 suppression of skills and abilities

2.3 mental stress

2.4 monetary problems

3. How can “Wise Choice Towards a Better Future" seminar would help to aid the issue

of strand mismatch.

4. How effective the “Wise Choice Towards a Better Future" seminar in giving

assistance to the issue of strand mismatch.

6

ASSUMPTIONS

The following assumptions is created by the researchers based on their study:

1. The causes of strand mismatch on the course choice of first year college

students of University of Caloocan City North Congressional are altering decisions,

influence of peer, parental choice/family pressure and financial incapacity

2. The implication of strand mismatch on the course choices of the first year college

students of University of Caloocan City North Congressional are suppression of skills

and abilities, in their academic performance, mental stress and monetary problems.

3. Through the “Wise Choice Towards a Better Future" seminar it will help to give in-

depth knowledge about the importance of aligned tracks and strands to the respective

college degree courses of the students.

4. The “Wise Choice Towards a Better Future" seminar imparted a huge help in

assessing the issue by informing the students regarding their strand-course alignment.

Giving them insights how to align and choose the right course and tracks for them.
7

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Students

They will be benefitted by this study as they gathered the findings of this

research. Being imparted by the knowledge of researchers will lead to their responsible

decision-making to prevent strand mismatch.

Teachers

Being an educator is an essential value towards the success of every student. In

this research, they will be able to identify the things that should be monitored and to be

assessed for the career choices of their students.

Administrators

This study may be used as a basis for the administrators to help them know what

intervention they will conduct to put solution about the issue of strand mismatch and

give deeper information to the students regarding their strands and college program.

Future Researchers

It will benefit the future researchers by using as a reference data in conducting

new researches. This would give them overview about the topic and may act as

paradigm in making their own study.

8

Government

The study will benefit the government for they can be able to know what

programs can be implemented to prevent strand mismatch. This will also help for them

to manage education systematically.

Parents

This research study will profit the parents as they will no longer have to spend

unnecessary expenses for they will know that their children’s tracks/strands are aligned

to their following courses.

School

This will help them identify the strength and weaknesses of the students in

terms of their skills so that they can help the students choose a strand that is suitable

for them.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATIONS

The study focuses on the implication of strand mismatch on the course

choices of first year college students of the University of Caloocan City Congressional

North batch 2019-2020. The data collection will be conducted to the thirty (30) first year

college students of the University of Caloocan City Congressional with the age range of
9

17-19 years old and in any course, in the school year 2019-2020 representing the

population. The study will not cover any problems that are not considered related to

strand mismatch. The other students which do not fall as part of first year college

students of the University of Caloocan City North Congressional are not within the

scope of this research.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Researchers clearly define the listed word below from their study using

conceptual and operational:

Bridging Program- is a formal partnership between two post-secondary institutions

that provides students with advanced standing in a degree program at one institution as

recognition of previous academic experience in a similar field of study at another

institution.

Career Guidance- can be defined as a comprehensive, developmental program

designed to assist individuals in making and implementing informed educational and

occupational choices.

Career Path-is a resource designed to help you identify the skills and abilities you

need to progress within some of the main job areas in today's marketplace.
10

Cognitive skills- is a term referring to a human's ability to process thoughts that

should not deplete on a large scale in healthy individuals .

College degree/ College Major- A college major is the area of study that a

student will specialize in when pursuing a degree at a college or university. The choice

of a major is the most important step a student makes.

Course-Colleges and universities offer courses that can be used for credit toward

undergraduate and graduate degrees and certificates. Some colleges and universities

also offer non-credit courses, such as continuing education or personal enrichment

courses; systematized or prescribed series: a course of lectures

Course choices- in this research this means options that you choose that make up

your college degree .

Curriculum- In education, a curriculum is broadly defined as the totality of student

experiences that occur in the educational process. The term often refers specifically to a

planned sequence of instruction, or to a view of the student's experiences in terms of

the educator's or school's instructional goals.

Decongested- relieve the congestion of (something); to diminish the

causing difficulties.
11

External Index- is a measure of agreement between two partitions where the first

partitions is the priori known clustering structure and the second results from the

clustering procedures.

Memorandum - A written report that is prepared for a person or committee in order

to provide them with information about a particular matter. In diplomacy, a summary

or outline of a subject under discussion.

Mismatched Curriculum- Discrepancy of curriculum development were students

doesn’t meet the integrity, coherent learning experiences that will assist them towards

their personal, academic and professional learning and development.

Quality index- provides a holistic measure of an institution's overall performance

based on a comprehensive set of indicators and evaluative criteria.

Strand- The strands in senior high school refer to the different areas of expertise

under the program; a division of a track that specializes in a certain field.

Strand Mismatch- A failure or unsuitable choice for senior high strand, where

sometimes affected by various factors such as peer pressure, family… that causes

incompatibility for college courses.

12

Senior High School- Senior high school covers the last two years of the K to 12

program and includes Grades 11 and 12. In SHS, students will go through a core

curriculum and subjects under a track of their choice(Department of Education, n.d.)

Subjects-a branch of knowledge studied or taught in a school, college, or university.

Track- In this research, tracks are fields of education that students will choose upon

entering senior high school. These tracks are the Academic, Technical-vocational-

livelihood and sports and arts.

Tertiary education- Tertiary education, more commonly referred to as

postsecondary education, refers to academic pursuit undertaken after high school.

Undergraduate programs include any postsecondary education that takes up to four

years to complete, including certificates, diplomas, and associate's and bachelor's

degrees. You can find tertiary education programs at vocational schools, community

colleges, technical schools, professional schools, colleges and universities.

Vertical Alignment- In this research, vertical alignment is a curriculum wherein

what students learn in one lesson, course or grade level prepares them for the next

lesson, course, or grade level; the state or act of lining items up, one above each other.

.
CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

LITERATURE

Local.

Natividad and Tendido (2019) pointed that Mr. Hernandez, Benilde Admissions

Director said that the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) gave a memo in 2017

which allows all SHS graduates to take desired programs regardless of their academic

track, meaning even it is not in line with their strands. Yet, the college right now is

unable to make it clear which strand each program is aligned because of the lack of

clarification from CHED and DEPED. The transition from DEPED to CHED did not

become clear or strict when DEPED formed the SHS. What would happen to them

when they reached college? That was another issue of some SHS graduates for they

thought they can already start working, but they don't have any work opportunities when

they get there. Borm Munian Cruz of STEM strand graduate but taking up Hotel

Restaurant and Institution Management (HRIM) today, the curriculum was ineffectual for

Cruz cause he found out that not all schools have same way of applying it especially the

lack of hands-on activities in his school. To him the only advantage STEM strand gave

him was on how they rendered more time for the students to decide on which career

path to take.
14

According to National Union of Students of the Philippines (2018) that the

Bridging Program is required for students who took SHS strands that are mismatched to

their desired tertiary education course. They are required to take additional subjects in

order to cope with the subjects they didn't get in senior high school that is required for a

graduate of a strand aligned with the course you will take.

According to Baclayanto, J. (2018) writer in the Weekly Sillimanian a school

online newspaper of Silliman University the school will offer bridging programs for

Senior High School (SHS) students who wish to enroll in a course off their track. The

said bridging programs will teach off-track students necessary lessons they need to

proceed in their chosen courses but the bridging program will certainly cause a delay,

taking at least one semester to finish. The off-track Senior High School(SHS) graduates

will be asked of certain requirements depending on the college request that might

include an admission exam.

In year of 2016, We adopted a new school curriculum system. Challenges

ensued, we went through an overhaul in our education. In the meantime, a few learners

may still feel the effects of our shift to the K to 12 program. The K to 12 tracks and

strands objectives are helping students to master their skills and to be a competent

learners. Where in the end learners are more than prepared to be with the working field

or move on to college. Your choice of Tracks and strands during senior high are

counterparts on your college degree choices.

15

Punong bayan (2019) stated in his article that in the K-12 program’s second year

of implementation (School Year 2017-2018) only 7% of schools could provide 5 or more

strands. And about 38% only could provide just one. This means, only a small number

of schools could provide a reasonably diverse set of tracks and strands, causing

incoming SHS students to have limited choices for strand they are about to take. Many

senior high schools in the Philippines were grossly ill-prepared for K-12 curriculum

program and lacking for resources in its early years. It is not only because it is just what

people could see but studies also showed that not nearly enough schools were

equipped to provide several tracks and strands.

Foreign

In the research article Factors Influencing Students’ Career Choices:

Empirical Evidence from Business Students ( Ahmed, Sharif and Nawaz Ahmad, 2017)it

states that one of the dominant factors that influence the career selection choice of the

student is the “interest in the subject”, while financial outcomes, ease of subject and

future job opportunities were observed to have minor impact. The interest in the subject

is also related and has some linkage with personality type. Mismatch of the personality

and lack of interest in the subject is dangerous, and could end up into disastrous results

in terms of student dissatisfaction, demotivation, lack of productivity leading to

increased dropouts and career failure. The career choice of the students is also
16

influenced by the level of their social class, financial resources, affordability and future

employability.

Lu (2016) stated that “Shifting” is allowed. Just like college, senior high school

students are allowed to change their tracks or strand in the middle of school year. To

make this, nevertheless, they must complete all the pre-requisite subjects of the new

track or strand, which will necessitate extra work. Senior high school is a new challenge

that is different from what children grew up with. With K to 12, it is hoped that the

students will become more mature, responsible, and ready for the future, with an explicit

vision of who they want to become.

In the United States there were approximately 12.2 million college

students enrolled in 3,340 institutions of higher education (U. S. Bureau of the Census,

1987). Greenberg (1981) found that college students were subject to a wide range of

stressful experiences including: entering college, conflicts regarding values, getting

married, and getting divorced. Harwell (1984) noted that the new freshman student, in

particular, is faced with a multitude of adjustments to a new environment.

While some students had a minimum of difficulty in making those adjustments, others

needed assistance which may or may not have been available on the college campus.

Center for Comprehensive School Reform and Improvement (2014) stated that

vertical alignment has been referred as one of the best strategies or techniques to
17

improve the performance of student in the schools. It "ensures what is being taught and

tested in the classrooms ranges with the state standards and tasks. It enunciate the

logical, analytic order for teaching the standards-based content at each grade or course

level, wherein allows teachers to focus on structuring skills and knowledge while

decrementing the need for excess review and repetition.” According to the Glossary of

Education Reform (2012), vertical coherence is when a curriculum is vertically aligned

or vertically coherent, what students learn in one lesson, course, or grade level

prepares them for the following lesson, course, or grade level. Teaching is willfully

framed and logically arranged so that students will learn the knowledge and skills that

will prepare them for more challenging, and higher-level of work.

STUDY

Local.

Over the years, secondary education was once viewed as the preparation for

students for their higher education but today, it can help the students develop their skills

in choosing the suited job for them. Acosta & Acosta (2016) said that In the Philippine

republic act no. 10533 series of 2012 or the basic education program was passed into

law on May 15, 2013 and was made to improve the skills of high school graduates. This

program will help for them to be more competitive in their pursued fields. While
18

according to Ali et. al (2014), graduates should not only be successful in academic

achievements but also need to have relevant skills in order to be employed in the future.

Pascual (2014) stated that the availability of jobs after finishing college is mainly

considered by the high school students and then succeeded by picking the course as a

personal choice. A study from Roosevelt College, San Mateo (Fernando et. al, 2016)

found out that the parents’ influence, personal choice, job opportunity and peer

influence can affect the student’s decision on their tertiary education course.

K-12 Philippines (2015) stated that the K-12 program offers a decongested 12-

year program that provides students a sufficient time to master their skills and to absorb

basic competencies. Factors that influence on selecting specialization of students are,

future opportunities/ ideal job, opportunity may influence students in their choice of

specialization. Personality, Splaver(2000) said that “Personality” plays an important role

in choosing of the right career. Family, According to Taylor et al, (2004) Parental

support and encouragement are significant for the students that may also affect their

career choice. Peer/Classmate Pummel, Harwood and Lavallee ,(2008) said that social

support from peers and other external influences may affect and help individual’s on

their career choice. People around contribute a lot in one’s decision-making. The

Holland’s theory of career choice suggested that people can function and develop best

and find jobs satisfaction in his working environment that is compatible with his

personalities. People tend to choose a career that is reflective of their personality.

19

Holland's theory emphasized Self-knowledge and career information are necessary for

career decision making . (Zunker, 1994 p. 49) as cited in Abernathye (2003).

According to Laguador (2013), Respect for family is one of the greatest factors

that impact Filipino students’ career decision. As a sign of respect for the parents and

the culture of Filipinos, students consult first their parents or the elderly because they

will be the one who will provide financial support to enter college.

Abellanosa (2018) stated that there are universities that strictly require students

to a bridging program. For example, a STEM graduate who would like to take up

Acccounting for college, he needs to take at least 12 units of additional courses in

college. This is to address the non-alignment to the preferred course of the student.

Unfortunately, not all colleges and universities have this kind of policy.

Foreign.

A study of Poladian and Nicholas (2013), shows that students going to university

with inadequate mathematics preparation for the courses they plan to take is a growing

problem. They show a proof of how withdrawal rates, failure rates, and final marks in a

first year calculus unit are strongly related with the level of mathematics studied at

school, the presumed knowledge published for the degree and enrollment in a bridging

course. Bridging course students were, on the whole, were able to pass their first

semester university calculus-based subject, yet they did not reach the level of

mathematically well-equipped peers.

20

Based on a study conducted by the Education Policy Improvement Center

(2015), in United States of America figured out that the existing major standards,

performance expectations, and other performance related are essential for college

success in specified subjects areas, including languages, mathematics, and social

sciences. The researchers found out, students taking college courses aligned to their

pre-college courses develop cognitive skills and foundational skills which equips them

for college.

Decision-making has become a tool to form career choices. Kroll et al. (1970)

cited Career Choice Factors 23 Super’s own research, the information accumulated of

the individual is not so much of a function to the decision making process regarding

one’s career but more of the process of maturity and planning.

According to Paadi (2014), the desirable graduates should be competent in work,

communication, analytic and critical thinking and computer skills. These factors was

also proved by a study conducted by the department of united states of America. As

studied on higher education authority (HEA, 2014) Inireland, graduates of 7 major

universities 9 months after their graduation showed that on average 58% were in

employment while another 5% were still seeking for a job. Moreover, it shows the

relationship between the class of degree and the employability. It was noted that out of

18 graduates who obtained the employability within the first 9 months were 76%
21

whereas from those who obtained first class only 41% were employed at the time were

the survey conducted.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

The researchers based their study from Batu et. al (2018) entitled "A Case Study on

the Course Mismatch of Accounting Business and Management Graduates" where they

found out that unfortunately mismatched students had difficult time during their college

life. When they have realized their passion, it was too late for them to back down.

According to Batu et. al (2018) some of the mismatched students even regretted

enrolling to their previous strand because it was a waste of time, money and effort. One

also stated that it was a disadvantage, for the course he took was entirely different from

their strand.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 22

IMPLICATION OF STRAND MISMATCH ON

THE COURSE CHOICES OF FIRST YEAR
COLLEGE STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITY OF
CALOOCAN CITY NORTH CONGRESSIONAL
BATCH 2019-2020

The causes of strand mismatch on the course choice of first year

college students of University of Caloocan City North Congressional:

Altering decisions Influence of Parental choice/family Financial

peer pressure stability

The implications of strand mismatch on the course

choices of the first year college students of
University of Caloocan City North Congressional:

In their Suppression of
academic skills and Mental stress Monetary problems
performance abilities

Strategy:

“Wise Choice Towards a Better

Future" seminar

paradigm
23

The researchers construct a conceptual framework in accordance to their

research title, ' The Implication of strand mismatch on the course choices of first year

college students of universities in Caloocan city north Batch 2019-2020'.

According on their research study, the following are the causes of strand

mismatch on the course choice of first year college students: altering decisions of strand

in senior high, influence of peer, parental choice/family pressure, and financial

incapacity

They had seen the Implications of strand mismatch on the course choice of the

first year college students: in their academic performance, suppression of skills and

abilities, mental stress, and monetary problems. The said Implications leads for the

researchers to conduct a conference to avert the issue of strand mismatch, the seminar

was entitled, ' Wise choice towards a better future'.

The 'Wise choice towards a better future' seminar centered on assistant students

in choosing appropriate tracks/strands that are aligned respectively on the students

target college degree courses. The objective of the seminar is to give an in-depth

knowledge regarding on the tracks/strands and the aligned college degree courses.

With this, seminar aims to help students to align their chosen strand to the appropriate

college degree courses

CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

In this chapter, the researcher introduced the research design, sampling

techniques, respondents, research instrument, data gathering procedure and statistical

treatment, approaches were employed in this study to obtain relevant results to achieve

answers to their problems.

RESEARCH DESIGN

The type used by the researchers is quantitative having the research

classification of survey research under descriptive research design. Survey used to ask

different questions to sample respondents using various types such as paper

questionnaire, online survey, web-intercept survey, online polls and many more.

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE

The method of purposive sampling which belongs to the category of non-

probability sampling technique was used in this study for selecting participants. A

purposive sample is a non-probability sample that is selected based on characteristics

of a population and the objective of the study. In this study, the sample members who
25

were selected was the students who graduated in senior high school and currently

studying in University of Caloocan City Congressional.

RESPONDENTS

The respondents of this study are purposely selected among the college students

of the University of Caloocan City Congressional. The chosen respondents are qualified

to answer the given questionnaire of the researchers related on the study.

The respondents are composed of thirty (30) students ranging from seventeen

(17) to nineteen (19) years old, fourteen (14) male and sixteen (16) female having any

course that is not aligned with the strand they took in senior high school.

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

Systematically prepared survey forms are used as an instrument in data

gathering of the study. Each research questionnaire is composed of five (5)

comprehensive questions, using multiple-choice format. The survey procedure is

conducted meeting individuals face-to-face. The chosen instrument is used to collect

information that strengthens the validity and reliability of the study being conducted.
DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE 26

The data will be collected with the use of guided questionnaires. The researchers

will purposely distribute survey forms to first year students of University of Caloocan

City, inclusive to students who experienced strand mismatch. Each respondent are

expected to answer the given questions choosing from the specified choices or stating

the reason behind their disinclined strand to their career choices. Permission to conduct

a research survey will be authorized by research adviser and will be obtained with the

approval of UCC's administration. Survey procedure will be conducted personally to

ensure the responsiveness and any questions of respondents will be explained

immediately to procure accurate results

STATISTICAL TREATMENT

With the use of the formula given below, the researchers will be able to treat data

statistically by population mean. Researchers have a background about statistics as

they took their Statistics and Probability subject in Grade 11, a pre-requisite unit of

Practical Research II. In this part, formula will only be elaborated with its function, not

the application of treatment.

∑ 𝑋𝑖
𝑋̅ = Percentage = Number or Responses / Number of Respondents
𝑛
CHAPTER IV

DATA ANALYSIS

For the process of data gathering, the researchers conducted a survey at

University of Caloocan City-Congressional with a thirty (30) respondents from their first

year college students who are eligible to be our target respondents. We have used a

certain formula (stated below) for statistical treatment. As an efficient researcher, we

assure that the given data are provided with transparency.

∑ 𝑋𝑖
𝑋̅ = Percentage = Number or Responses / Number of Respondents
𝑛

1. Factors that affects their chosen strand in Senior High School

a. Passion – 33.83%
b. Parental Choice/Family Pressure – 33.33%
c. Influence of Peer – 23.33%
d. Convenience – 13.33%
PASSION
DATA NO. 1
13.33%
33.83% PARENTAL
23.33%
CHOICE/FAMILY
PRESSURE
INFLUENCE OF
PEER

CONVENIENCE
33.33%
28
2. Factors that made their decision to take their current course
a. Passion – 30.00%
b. Parental Choice/Family Pressure – 20.00%
c. Influence of Peer – 40.00%
d. Financial Incapacity – 16.66%
e. Out of Slots – 6.66%

PASSION
DATA NO. 2
6.66% PARENTAL
16.66% 30.00%
CHOICE/FAMILY
PRESSURE
INFLUENCE OF
PEER

FINANCIAL
INCAPACITY

OUT OF SLOT
40.00% 20.00%

3. Factors that causes their courses and strand in Senior High School not aligned
a. Altering Decision – 33.33%
b. Parental Choice/Family Pressure – 13.33%
c. Influence of Peer – 16.66%
d. Financial Incapacity– 13.33%

ALTERING
13.33%
DATA NO. 3 DECISION

33.33% PARENTAL
CHOICE/FAMIL
Y PRESSURE
INFLUENCE OF
PEER

FINANCIAL
16.66% INCAPACITY
13.33%
29

4. Implications of strand mismatch

a. Having a High/Low Academic Performance – 16.66%
b. Suppression of Skills and Abilities – 36.66%
c. Mental Stress – 30.00%
d. Financial/Monetary Problem– 16.66%

HAVING A
DATA NO. 4 HIGH/LOW
16.66% ACADEMIC
16.66% PERFORMANCE
SUPPRESSION
OF SKILLS

MENTAL
STRESS

FINANCIAL/MON
ETARY
30.00% 36.66% PROBLEM

5. Possible interventions to deal with strand mismatch

a. Studying and Mastering the Added Units – 36.66%
b. Time Management – 33.33%
c. Bridging Program – 40.00%
d. Working to Provide Financial Needs– 3.33%

STUDYING AND
3.33% DATA NO. 5 MASTERING
THE ADDED
40.00% 36.66% UNITS
TIME
MANAGEMENT

BRIDGING
PROGRAM

33.33%
CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION

The cases of strand mismatch can be lesser. It will, however, take an effort to

engage in career guidance programs. We conclude that there are still several reports of

strand mismatch in the students of University of Caloocan City-Congressional after the

second batch of implementation of K-12 curriculum. Most of the Senior High School

graduates of 2019 mislead their courser choice by altering decisions. We also

interpreted that their strand in Senior High School is usually decided upon their parents

and some are based on their passion. In collegiate level, they have chosen their

courses through the influence of their peers. These are only some of the factors that

researchers considered to make this research happen. With their current journey in

College, primarily they are facing a suppression of skills and abilities due to their

undecided courses. But, of course they should be resilient so they came up to the idea

of taking a bridging program to take units that are not offered in their Senior High School

as a fulfillment with their current course.

As a solution, we recommend to provide a career pre-and-post assessment

together with a career guidance program and seminars. With this kind of resolution, we

might help our youth to hone their skills and abilities as well as their critical thinking and

decision making. Having a proper guidance leads the way of getting the success.
RECOMMENDATIONS 31

The recommendations are offered based on findings and conclusion of this study:

1. The current researchers advise the future researchers to provide enough related

literature, data and evidence that the topic is indeed a problem and must be solved.

2. The current researchers advise the administrators to conduct a seminar and program

for students and parents regarding the topic

3. For parents to be aware of their children's passions and potentials. To just give

advice, enough guidance and suggestions without dictating their career decisions. In

this way, shifting and bridging programs will decrease in number respectively

4. Researchers recommend guidance counselors to asses students and career

counseling in junior high school more efficiently. And conduct one-on-one counseling

beforehand, to prevent strand mismatch in senior high school and further problem in

college.
32

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35

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36

Punongbayan, J. (2019, May). [OPINION] Why senior high school needs urgent fixing.

Retrieved from https://www.rappler.com/thought-leaders/231825-reasons-senior-

high-school-philippines-needs-fixing?.
Name (Optional): _________________________Strand: ________________
Age: _____ Course: ________________Sex: _____

Instructions. Kindly answer the questions appropriately and honestly.

1. What was your reason in taking up your chosen strand in Senior High
School?
a. Passion c. Parental Choice/Family Pressure
b. Influence of peer d. Convenience

2. What made you decide to take your current course?

a. Passion c. Parental Choice
b. Influence of peer d. Financial incapacity

3. What do you think is the main cause why your course is not aligned with
your previous strand in senior high school.
a. Altering decision c. Parental choice
b. Influence of peer d. Financial incapacity

4. What is the implication/effects to you of taking a course that is not aligned

with your previous senior high school strand.
a. Having a high/low academic performance c. Mental stress
b. Suppression of skills and abilities d. Financial/Monetary problem

5. How were you able to deal with these effects?

a. Studying and mastering the added units c. Bridging program
b. Time management d. Working to provide financial needs