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    Pharm Calcium Channel Blockers (Bahar&Amy) "Vera Dialed The Calcium Channel To Buy A Knife" Verapramil, Diltizaem, Nifedipine

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    cherrybombaz
    1. The document provides several mnemonics to help remember important medical information such as drug classes, side effects, and treatment guidelines. 2. Mnemonics include "Vera Dialed the Calcium Channel" for calcium channel blockers, "LESS DUMB" for the effects of organophosphates, and "BBC Loses Viewers in Rochedale" for common beta-blocker side effects. 3. Other mnemonics summarize hypertension causes ("CHAPS"), benzodiazepine actions ("Ben SCAMs Pam"), and warfarin metabolism ("SLOW").

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    Pharm Calcium Channel Blockers (Bahar&Amy) "Vera Dialed The Calcium Channel To Buy A Knife" Verapramil, Diltizaem, Nifedipine

    Uploaded by

    cherrybombaz
    2K views7 pages
    1. The document provides several mnemonics to help remember important medical information such as drug classes, side effects, and treatment guidelines. 2. Mnemonics include "Vera Dialed the Calcium Channel" for calcium channel blockers, "LESS DUMB" for the effects of organophosphates, and "BBC Loses Viewers in Rochedale" for common beta-blocker side effects. 3. Other mnemonics summarize hypertension causes ("CHAPS"), benzodiazepine actions ("Ben SCAMs Pam"), and warfarin metabolism ("SLOW").

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    pharm

    Original Title

    Pharm Mnemonics

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    1. The document provides several mnemonics to help remember important medical information such as drug classes, side effects, and treatment guidelines. 2. Mnemonics include "Vera Dialed the Calcium Channel" for calcium channel blockers, "LESS DUMB" for the effects of organophosphates, and "BBC Loses Viewers in Rochedale" for common beta-blocker side effects. 3. Other mnemonics summarize hypertension causes ("CHAPS"), benzodiazepine actions ("Ben SCAMs Pam"), and warfarin metabolism ("SLOW").

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    2K views7 pages

    Pharm Calcium Channel Blockers (Bahar&Amy) "Vera Dialed The Calcium Channel To Buy A Knife" Verapramil, Diltizaem, Nifedipine

    Uploaded by

    cherrybombaz
    1. The document provides several mnemonics to help remember important medical information such as drug classes, side effects, and treatment guidelines. 2. Mnemonics include "Vera Dialed the Calcium Channel" for calcium channel blockers, "LESS DUMB" for the effects of organophosphates, and "BBC Loses Viewers in Rochedale" for common beta-blocker side effects. 3. Other mnemonics summarize hypertension causes ("CHAPS"), benzodiazepine actions ("Ben SCAMs Pam"), and warfarin metabolism ("SLOW").

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 7
    At a glance
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    The document provides many useful mnemonics to remember drug mechanisms, side effects, and classifications. It also discusses the classification and uses of various drug classes like beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, diuretics, corticosteroids and more.

    Some useful mnemonics provided include 'Vera Dialed the Calcium Channel' for calcium channel blockers, 'BBC Loses Viewers in Rochedale' for beta blocker side effects, and 'MORPHINE' for morphine side effects.

    Drug classes discussed include beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, benzodiazepines, statins, diuretics, corticosteroids. Their uses, side effects, classifications and interactions are covered.

    USEFUL MNEMONICS from http://www.medicalmnemonics.

    com
    Pharm
    Calcium Channel Blockers(bahar&amy)
    Vera DiaLed the Calcium Channel to buy a kNife
    Verapramil, Diltizaem, Nifedipine
    Cholinergics (eg organophosphates): effects
    If you know these, you will be "LESS DUMB":
    Lacrimation
    Excitation of nicotinic synapses
    Salivation
    Sweating
    Diarrhea
    Urination
    Micturition
    Bronchoconstriction

    Depression: 5 drugs causing it


    PROMS:
    Propranolol
    Reserpine
    Oral contraceptives
    Methyldopa
    Steroids

    Hypertension: secondary hypertension causes


    CHAPS:
    Cushing's syndrome
    Hyperaldosteronism [aka Conn's syndrome]
    Aorta coarctation
    Phaeochromocytoma
    Stenosis of renal arteries
    Note: only 5% of hypertension cases are secondary, rest are primary.

    Benzodiazepines: actions
    "Ben SCAMs Pam into seduction not by brain but by muscle":
    Sedation
    anti-Convulsant
    anti-Anxiety
    Muscle relaxant
    Not by brain: No antipsychotic activity.

    Beta-blockers: side effects


    "BBC Loses Viewers In Rochedale":
    Bradycardia
    Bronchoconstriction
    Claudication
    Lipids
    Vivid dreams & nightmares
    -ve Inotropic action
    Reduced sensitivity to hypoglycaemia

    Beta-blockers: main contraindications, cautions


    ABCDE:
    Asthma
    Block (heart block)
    COPD
    Diabetes mellitus
    Electrolyte (hyperkalemia)

    Ca++ channel blockers: uses


    CA++ MASH:
    Cerebral vasospasm/ CHF
    Angina
    Migranes
    Atrial flutter, fibrillation
    Supraventricular tachycardia
    Hypertension
    Alternatively: "CHASM":
    Cererbral vasospasm / CHF
    Hypertension
    Angina
    Suprventricular tachyarrhythmia
    Migranes

    Warfarin: metabolism
    SLOW:
    Has a slow onset of action.
    A quicK Vitamin K antagonist, though.
    Small lipid-soluble molecule
    Liver: site of action
    Oral route of administration.
    Warfarin

    Amiodarone: action, side effects


    6 P's:
    Prolongs action potential duration
    Photosensitivity
    Pigmentation of skin
    Peripheral neuropathy
    Pulmonary alveolitis and fibrosis
    Peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 is inhibited -> hypothyroidism

    Hypertension: treatment
    ABCD:
    ACE inhibitors/ AngII antagonists (sometimes Alpha agonists also)
    Beta blockers
    Calcium antagonists
    Diuretics (sometimes vasoDilators also)

    Captopril (an ACE inhibitor): side effects


    CAPTOPRIL:
    Cough
    Angioedema/ Agranulocystosis
    Proteinuria/ Potassium excess

    Taste changes
    Orthostatic hypotension
    Pregnancy contraindication/ Pancreatitis/ Pressure drop (first dose hypertension)
    Renal failure (and renal artery stenosis contraindication)/ Rash
    Indomethacin inhibition
    Leukopenia/ Liver toxicity

    Clopidogrel: use
    CLOPIdogrel is a drug that prevents
    CLots, an Oral Platelet Inhibitor (OPI).

    Beta blockers with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity


    Picture diabetic and asthmatic kids riding away on a cart that rolls on pinwheels.
    Pindolol and Carteolol have high and moderate ISA respectively, making them
    acceptable for use in some diabetics or asthmatics despite the fact that they are
    non-seletive beta blockers.

    HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins): side effects,


    contraindications, interactions
    HMG-CoA:
    Side effects:
    Hepatotoxicity
    Myositis [aka rhabdomyolysis]
    Contraindications:
    Girl during pregnancy/ Growing children
    Interactions:
    Coumarin/ Cyclosporine

    Therapeutic index: formula


    TILE:
    TI = LD50 / ED50

    Morphine: side-effects
    MORPHINE:
    Myosis
    Out of it (sedation)
    Respiratory depression
    Pneumonia (aspiration)
    Hypotension
    Infrequency (constipation, urinary retention)
    Nausea
    Emesis

    Beta-1 vs Beta-2 receptor location


    "You have 1 heart and 2 lungs":
    Beta-1 are therefore primarily on heart.
    Beta-2 primarily on lungs.

    Pupils in overdose: morphine vs. amphetamine


    "MorPHINE: Fine. AmPHETamine: Fat":
    Morphine overdose: pupils constricted (fine).

    Amphetamine overdose: pupils dilated (fat).

    Atropine use: tachycardia or bradycardia


    "A goes with B":
    Atropine used clinically to treat Bradycardia.

    Reserpine action
    Reserpine depletes the Reserves of catecholamines [and serotonin].

    Ipratropium: action
    Atropine is buried in the middle: iprAtropium, so it behaves like Atropine.

    Propranolol and related '-olol' drugs: usage


    "olol" is just two backwards lower case b's.
    Backward b's stand for "beta blocker".
    Beta blockers include acebutolol, betaxolol, bisoprolol, oxprenolol, propranolol.

    Succinylcholine: action, use


    Succinylcholine gets Stuck to Ach receptor, then Sucks ions in through open pore.
    You Suck stuff in through a mouth-tube, and drug is used for intubation.

    Asthma drugs: leukotriene inhibitor action


    zAfirlukast: Antagonist of lipoxygenase
    zIlueton: Inhibitor of LT receptor

    Zafirlukast, Montelukast, Cinalukast: mechanism, usage


    "Zafir-luk-ast, Monte-luk-ast, Cina-luk-ast":
    Anti-Lukotrienes for Asthma.
    Dazzle your oral examiner: Zafirlukast antagonizes leukotriene-4.

    Metabolism enzyme inducers


    "Randy's Black Car Goes Putt Putt and Smokes":
    Rifampin
    Barbiturates
    Carbamazepine
    Grisoefulvin
    Phenytoin
    Phenobarb
    Smoking cigarettes

    Zero order kinetics drugs (most common ones)


    "PEAZ (sounds like pees) out a constant amount":
    Phenytoin
    Ethanol
    Aspirin
    Zero order
    Someone that pees out a constant amount describes zero order kinetics (always the
    same amount out)

    Warfarin: interactions
    ACADEMIC QACS:
    Amiodarone
    Cimetidine

    Aspirin
    Dapsone
    Erythromycin
    Metronidazole
    Indomethacin
    Clofibrates
    Quinidine
    Azapropazone
    Ciprofloxacin
    Statins

    Warfarin: action, monitoring


    WePT:
    Warfarin works on the extrinsic pathway and is monitored by PT.

    Osmotic diuretics: members


    GUM:
    Glycerol
    Urea
    Mannitol

    Diuretics classification in order of site of action


    "COLT Pee:"
    In their sequential site of action along the nephron:
    Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (at the proximal tubule)
    Osmotic diuretics (at the Loop of Henle)
    Loop diuretics (at the ascending loop)
    Thiazides (at the distal tubule)
    Potassium-sparing diuretics (at the collecting tubules)
    Diuretics make patient pee like a horse, hence "Colt Pee".

    Diuretics: thiazides: indications


    "CHIC to use thiazides":
    CHF
    Hypertension
    Insipidous
    Calcium calculi

    Diuretics: groups
    "Leak Over The CAN":
    Loop diuretics
    Osmotics
    Thiazides
    Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
    Aldosterone inhibitors
    Na (sodium) channel blockers

    K+ increasing agents
    K-BANK:
    K-sparing diuretic
    Beta blocker
    ACEI
    NSAID

    K supplement

    Alkalosis vs. acidosis: directions of pH and HCO3


    ROME:
    Respiratory= Opposite:
    pH is high, PCO2 is down (Alkalosis).
    pH is low, PCO2 is up (Acidosis).
    Metabolic= Equal:
    pH is high, HCO3 is high (Alkalosis).
    pH is low, HCO3 is low (Acidosis).

    Corticosteroids: adverse side effects


    CUSHINGS BAD MD:
    Cataracts
    Up all night (sleep disturbances)
    Suppression of HPA axis
    Hypertension/ buffalo Hump
    Infections
    Necrosis (avascular)
    Gain weight
    Striae
    Bone loss (osteoporosis)
    Acne
    Diabetes
    Myopathy, moon faces
    Depression and emotional changes

    Steroid side effects


    CUSHINGOID:
    Cataracts
    Ulcers
    Skin: striae, thinning, bruising
    Hypertension/ Hirsutism/ Hyperglycemia
    Infections
    Necrosis, avascular necrosis of the femoral head
    Glycosuria
    Osteoporosis, obesity
    Immunosuppression
    Diabetes

    Steroids: side effects


    BECLOMETHASONE:
    Buffalo hump
    Easy bruising
    Cataracts
    Larger appetite
    Obesity
    Moonface
    Euphoria
    Thin arms & legs
    Hypertension/ Hyperglycaemia
    Avascular necrosis of femoral head

    Skin thinning
    Osteoporosis
    Negative nitrogen balance
    Emotional liability

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