以åãã噂の高速SSDを積んだAmazon EC2インスタンスのI/Oベンチマークをとってみたãã§Amazon EC2ã§å©ç¨ã§ããSSDããªã¥ã¼ã ã®ãã³ããã¼ã¯ãåã£ãéã«ãEBSããªã¥ã¼ã ã«é¢ãã¦ãç°¡åã«è¨æ¸¬ãã¦ããã®ã§ãããããå°ã詳細ã«è¦ã¦ã¿ããã¨æããããã¡ãã£ã¨è©³ããæ§è½ãè¨æ¸¬ãã¦ã¿ã¾ããã(æ¥ãã§ããæ¹ã¯æå¾ã®ã¾ã¨ããèªãã ãã§OKã§ãï½)
å®ã¯ã大æ(3ã4å¹´ãããå)ã«ãåããããªãã¨ã軽ããã£ãã®ã§ãããçµæãã©ããã«ãã£ã¦ãã¾ã£ãï¼ä»ã¯ã¾ãçµæãéããããªã®ã§ããã£ã¦ã¿ãã
ãã³ããã¼ã¯ã®ç®çã¯ãEBSããªã¥ã¼ã ãã½ããã¦ã§ã¢RAIDã§æãã(ã¹ãã©ã¤ãã³ã°)å ´åã«ãã©ã®ãããããã©ã¼ãã³ã¹ãåºããã®ãã¨ãã観ç¹ã
ã¨ããããã§ãè²ã
ãªè¦³ç¹ããæ§è½ã測ã£ã¦ã¿ã¾ããã使ã£ããã¼ã«ã¯ã噂の高速SSDを積んだAmazon EC2インスタンスのI/Oベンチマークをとってみた - 元RX-7乗りの適当な日々ãã®æã¨åæ§ã«fioã§ãã
(ã·ãªã¼ãºãã®ã®ã¨ã³ããªã¨ãã¦ããã°ããç¶ãã¾ãï½)
1. c1.mediumã§ãã³ããã¼ã¯
以ä¸ããã³ããã¼ã¯ãåå¾ããéã®ç°å¢ã§ãã
- æ±äº¬ãªã¼ã¸ã§ã³(ap-northeast)ã§å®æ½ã
- c1.medium (High-CPU Medium Instance) ã®ã¤ã³ã¹ã¿ã³ã¹ãå©ç¨ã
- http://aws.amazon.com/jp/ec2/instance-types/ ã«ããã¨ãEBS æé©åå©ç¨: ä¸å¯ãã¨ãªã£ã¦ãã¾ãã
- 20GBã®Standard EBSããªã¥ã¼ã ã1ã16åå©ç¨ã
- Amazon Linux AMI (2013.3)
fioã¯ä»¥ä¸ã®ãããªæãã§ã¤ã³ã¹ãã¼ã«ãã¦ããã¾ãã
# wget http://pkgs.repoforge.org/fio/fio-2.0.9-1.rf.src.rpm # yum -y install rpm-build libaio-devel gcc make # rpmbuild --rebuild fio-2.0.9-1.rf.src.rpm # rpm -Uvh rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/fio-2.0.9-1.amzn1.x86_64.rpm
使ã£ããã¡ã¤ã«ã·ã¹ãã ã¯"xfs"ã§ã以ä¸ã®ãããªãã©ã¡ã¼ã¿ã§ä½æ/ãã¦ã³ããã¦ãã¾ãã
# mkfs.xfs -f -b size=4096 -i size=512 [ããã¤ã¹] # mount -t xfs -o noatime,logbufs=8 [ããã¤ã¹] /data
ã¡ãªã¿ã«I/Oã¹ã±ã¸ã¥ã¼ã©ã¯ãEBSããªã¥ã¼ã ã¯ããã©ã«ãã§"noop"ã§ããã
ãã¦ãå®éã«ãã³ããã¼ã¯ãåã£ãã®ã¯ãEBSããªã¥ã¼ã åä½ã®ã±ã¼ã¹ã2å°ãRAID0ã§çµãã ã±ã¼ã¹ãåãã4å°(RAID0)ã8å°(RAID0)ã16å°(RAID0)ã®5ãã¿ã¼ã³ã§ãã
ããããã®ããªã¥ã¼ã ã«é¢ãã¦ã以ä¸ã®ãã©ã¡ã¼ã¿ã§fioãèµ°ããã¾ããã
# fio -filename=/data/testfio -direct=1 -rw=read -bs=4k -size=5G -numjobs=64 -runtime=16 -group_reporting -name=file1 # fio -filename=/data/testfio -direct=1 -rw=write -bs=4k -size=5G -numjobs=64 -runtime=16 -group_reporting -name=file1 # fio -filename=/data/testfio -direct=1 -rw=randread -bs=4k -size=5G -numjobs=64 -runtime=16 -group_reporting -name=file1 # fio -filename=/data/testfio -direct=1 -rw=randwrite -bs=4k -size=5G -numjobs=64 -runtime=16 -group_reporting -name=file1
ä¸ãã4ã¤ã¯ãããããã·ã¼ã±ã³ã·ã£ã«ãªã¼ã/ã©ã¤ãã¨ã©ã³ãã ãªã¼ã/ã©ã¤ãããããã¯ãµã¤ãºã¯4kã§è¨å®ãã¦ãã¾ããIOPSã®ãã§ãã¯ã主ç®çã§ããæ±ããã¡ã¤ã«ãµã¤ãºã¯5GBã§ãã
# fio -filename=/data/testfio -direct=1 -rw=read -bs=32m -size=5G -numjobs=8 -runtime=16 -group_reporting -name=file1 # fio -filename=/data/testfio -direct=1 -rw=write -bs=32m -size=5G -numjobs=8 -runtime=16 -group_reporting -name=file1
ãã¨ã®2ã¤ã¯ããããã¯ãµã¤ãºã大ãããã¦ã主ã«Bandwidth(転éã¬ã¼ã)ããã§ãã¯ãã¦ãã¾ãã
ã§ã¯ããã³ããã¼ã¯çµæã§ããã¾ãã¯IOPS(4k)ããã
ebs * 1 | ebs * 2 | ebs * 4 | ebs * 8 | ebs * 16 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
sequential read | 16000 | 19408 | 18207 | 20693 | 29066 |
sequential write | 5421 | 6061 | 6083 | 8478 | 11380 |
randam read | 13695 | 22821 | 24490 | 29582 | 31047 |
randam write | 6450 | 12345 | 1736 | 10193 | 5139 |
ç¶ãã¦ãBandwidthãåä½ã¯MB/secã
ebs * 1 | ebs * 2 | ebs * 4 | ebs * 8 | ebs * 16 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
read | 94.935 | 138.043 | 144.395 | 146.329 | 145.51 |
write | 50.941 | 92.38 | 116.796 | 121.771 | 122.54 |
ã¾ããæ°å¤ãå
¨ä½ã«ãã ã®ãã£ã¹ã¯ã¨ã¯æããªãã¬ãã«ã§ãããFlashCacheã®ãããªSSDã使ã£ããã£ãã·ã¥æ©æ§ã®ä»çµã¿ãä»å¨ãã¦ããããªæãã§ããä¸åº¦ã«5GBãããã®ãã¡ã¤ã«ãµã¤ãºã®æ¸ãè¾¼ã¿ã ã¨ãçµæ§ãã£ãã·ã¥ãå¹ãã¦ããã®ã§ããããã
ã©ã®ç¨åº¦ã®ããã©ã¼ãã³ã¹ã欲ããã®ãã«ããã¾ãããEBSããªã¥ã¼ã 2æ¬ã®RAID0ã§ããã©ã³ã¹ã®è¯ãããã©ã¼ãã³ã¹ãåºãããªé°å²æ°ã§ãã
ãã ããã©ã³ãã ã©ã¤ãã«é¢ãã¦ã¯ãã°ã©ãã®éãããã¾ãå®å®ããããã©ã¼ãã³ã¹ã¯åºã¦ããªãã§ãããã¾ãã¾ãªã®ããæé帯ãé¢é£ãã¦ããã®ãããã³ããã¼ã¯ããã°ã©ã ã¨ã®ç¸æ§ãªã®ãã¯ä¸æã§ãããçªæåã«è¯ãçµæã«ãªããã¨ãããã°ãæãããã«ããã©ã¼ãã³ã¹ãåºã¦ããªãæãããã¾ãããããã¼ã¹ããã¼ããã£ã¹ã¯ã ã¨ããã¨ããããªããã§ãããã¨æããã¬ãã«ã¯ããããä¸åã£ã¦ãã¾ããã
2. c1.xlargeã§ãã³ããã¼ã¯
次ã«ã¤ã³ã¹ã¿ã³ã¹ã¿ã¤ããå¤ãã¦ããã³ããã¼ã¯ãã¨ã£ã¦ã¿ã¾ãããæ¡ä»¶ã¯ä»¥ä¸ã®éãã§ãã
å
ã»ã©ã®c1.mediumã§ã®ãã³ããã¼ã¯ããã®å¤æ´ç¹ã¯ä»¥ä¸ã®éãã§ãã
- c1.xlarge (High-CPU Extra Large Instance) ã®ã¤ã³ã¹ã¿ã³ã¹ãå©ç¨ã
- http://aws.amazon.com/jp/ec2/instance-types/ ã«ããã¨ãEBS æé©åå©ç¨: 1000 Mbpsãã¨ãªã£ã¦ãã¾ãã
å
ã»ã©åæ§ã®fioã³ãã³ããå®è¡ããçµæã以ä¸ã§ãã
IOPS(4k)ããã
ebs * 1 | ebs * 2 | ebs * 4 | ebs * 8 | ebs * 16 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
sequential read | 16730 | 17854 | 19830 | 28315 | 29210 |
sequential write | 5372 | 5939 | 6465 | 7918 | 11894 |
randam read | 14311 | 24287 | 30613 | 30180 | 30213 |
randam write | 5956 | 11769 | 20713 | 22940 | 23253 |
ç¶ãã¦ãBandwidthãåä½ã¯MB/secã
ebs * 1 | ebs * 2 | ebs * 4 | ebs * 8 | ebs * 16 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
read | 104.978 | 142.768 | 144.378 | 143.793 | 144.915 |
write | 48.416 | 94.625 | 120.106 | 121.975 | 121.477 |
ã¤ã³ã¹ã¿ã³ã¹ã¿ã¤ãã大ãããã¦ãããCPU coreæ°ã®å¤§ãããã®ã§ãEBSã®æé©åå©ç¨ã§1000Mbpsã®ã¹ã«ã¼ããããè¦æ±ã§ãããã®ã«ãã¦ã¿ã¾ããããçµæã¯ä¸è¨ã®éããc1.mediumã¨å¤§ããªå·®ã¯ã¤ãã¦ãã¾ãããBandwidthã®é¨åã«ã¤ãã¦ããã¾ãçµæãå¤ãããªãã£ãã®ã¯ã"æé©åå©ç¨:ä¸å¯"ã®c1.mediumã§ãMbpsã®ã¹ã«ã¼ãããã«æç®ããã¨ã1000Mbps以ä¸åºã¦ããããããã®çµæãããRead: 145MB/sec, Write: 120MB/secããé常ã®EBSããªã¥ã¼ã ã®ã¹ã«ã¼ãããã®ä¸éãªã®ã§ãããã
ã©ã³ãã ã©ã¤ãã®ããã©ã¼ãã³ã¹ã®ãã©ã¤ãã¯ãªããå®å®ããããã©ã¼ãã³ã¹ãçºæ®ãã¦ããå°è±¡ã§ãã
ä¸è¨ã®çµæãããä»åã®ãã³ããã¼ã¯ã®æ¡ä»¶ã ã¨ããã»ã©ã®ãã¨ããªãéããEBSããªã¥ã¼ã ã4æ¬ãã大ããæ°ã§æãããã¨ã«ããã¡ãªããã¯ãããªã«ãªãããã§ãã
3. c1.xlargeã§fioã§æ±ããµã¤ãºã15GBã«å¤æ´
ããã¾ã§ã®ãã³ããã¼ã¯ã§ä½ãå段ã«ãã£ãã·ã¥ãããããªé°å²æ°ãåºãã¦ããEBSããªã¥ã¼ã ã§ããããããªãã°ã¨ãfioã§æ±ããã¡ã¤ã«ãµã¤ãºã5GBãã15GBã§å¢ããã¦ã¿ã¾ããã
ã¾ããæ±ããã¡ã¤ã«ãµã¤ãºã大ããããã®ã§ãfioã®runtimeãªãã·ã§ã³ã"32"(sec)ã«å¤æ´ãã¾ããã
ãã以å¤ã®æ¡ä»¶ã¯ãå
ã»ã©ã®2.ã®ãã³ããã¼ã¯ã¨åãã§ãã
çµæã以ä¸ã§ããIOPS(4k)ããã
ebs * 1 | ebs * 2 | ebs * 4 | ebs * 8 | ebs * 16 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
sequential read | 20942 | 22552 | 23313 | 26369 | 26673 |
sequential write | 4980 | 6616 | 7055 | 8981 | 16939 |
randam read | 375 | 1644 | 10912 | 26643 | 26002 |
randam write | 119 | 430 | 1436 | 1148 | 2034 |
ç¶ãã¦ãBandwidthãåä½ã¯MB/secã
ebs * 1 | ebs * 2 | ebs * 4 | ebs * 8 | ebs * 16 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
read | 106.325 | 122.6 | 131.364 | 131.727 | 131.807 |
write | 46.168 | 95.129 | 118.033 | 118.611 | 119.533 |
ä»åº¦ã¯æããã«ãEBSããªã¥ã¼ã ã®ããã¤ã¹æ¬æ°ãå°ãªãå ´åã«ããã¦ãã©ã³ãã ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ã®æ§è½ãè½ã¡ã¾ãããã¾ããã©ã³ãã ã©ã¤ãã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯æ¬æ°ãå¢ããã¦ã大ããæ¹åã¯ãã¦ãããããã£ãã·ã¥ãã溢ããéã大ãããªã£ãã®ã§ããããã
EBSããªã¥ã¼ã ã®æ¬æ°ãå¢ãããã¨ã§ã5GBã®ãã¡ã¤ã«å¯¾è±¡ã®ã±ã¼ã¹ã¨åããããªæ§è½å¤ã«è¿ã¥ãã¦ããã®ã¯ãEBSããªã¥ã¼ã ã®å©ç¨æ¬æ°ã«æ¯ä¾ããå½¢ã§ã使ãããã£ãã·ã¥ã®å®¹éãå¢ããã®ããããã¾ããã
ã¾ããBandwidthã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ãReadã§å¤å°å¤ã¯è½ã¡ã¦ãã¾ããã大ããå¤åã¯è¦ãããªãã§ããã(ããã¯ã¨ã³ãã¨ã®1000Mbpsã®ã¹ã«ã¼ãããã®å¶éã§ãã£ããããã¦ããã¿ããã§ããã)
ã§ã¯ãEBSããªã¥ã¼ã ã®ãµã¤ãºãå¢ããã°ã©ããªãã®ã§ããããï¼
ã¨ããã±ã¼ã¹ã¯ãã¾ã次åã®ã¨ã³ããªã¨ãã¦ã次ã¯fioã§æ±ããã¡ã¤ã«ãµã¤ãºãããã«å¢ããã¦ç¢ºèªãã¦ã¿ã¾ãã
4. c1.xlargeã§fioã§æ±ããµã¤ãºã50GB, 100GBã«å¤æ´
fioã³ãã³ãã§æ±ããã¡ã¤ã«ãµã¤ãºãããã«å¤§ãã(50GBã«å¤æ´)ãã¦å
ã»ã©ã¨åããã³ããã¼ã¯ãè¡ãã¾ãã
(fioã®runtimeãªãã·ã§ã³ã"64"(sec)ã«å¤æ´ãã¦ãå®è¡ãã¦ãã¾ãã)
å°ããã£ãã®15GB対象ã®ãã³ããã¼ã¯ã§ãEBSããªã¥ã¼ã 2æ¬ã®RAID0ã¾ã§ã¯ãã©ã³ãã ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ã§å½±é¿ãåºã¦IOPSå¤ãè½ã¡ã¦ãããããä»åã¯EBSããªã¥ã¼ã {4, 8, 16}æ¬(RAID0)ã®ã©ã³ãã ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹(IOPS)ã対象ã¨ãã¦ã¿ã¾ãã(ãã¨ãEBSããªã¥ã¼ã ã1æ¬ããã20GBã§ä½ã£ãã®ã§ã3æ¬ä»¥ä¸ã¾ã¨ããªãã¨50GBãæ¸ãè¾¼ããªã...ï½)
çµæã以ä¸ã§ããIOPS(4k)ã
ebs * 4 | ebs * 8 | ebs * 16 | |
---|---|---|---|
randam read | 1620 | 3774 | 6443 |
randam write | 513 | 736 | 2367 |
ãã¯ããæ±ããã¡ã¤ã«ãµã¤ãºã5GBã15GBã®ã±ã¼ã¹ã¨æ¯ã¹ã¦ãIOPSå¤ãè½ã¡ã¦ãã¾ããããã¯ããã£ãã·ã¥ãã溢ããéãå¤ããªãã¨ããã¼ããã£ã¹ã¯ã£ã½ãããã©ã¼ãã³ã¹ã«è¿ã¥ãã¦ããã¾ããã
ãã ããã¯ãæ±ããã¡ã¤ã«ãµã¤ãºã大ãããªãã°å¤§ãããªãã»ã©ãEBSããªã¥ã¼ã ãRAIDã§æããæ°ã¯å¤ããã°å¤ãã»ã©ãè¯ãããã©ã¼ãã³ã¹ãåºãçµæã¨ãªã£ã¦ãã¾ãã
ãã¾ã
æå¾ã«ãfioã§æ±ããã¡ã¤ã«ãµã¤ãºã100GBã¾ã§å¢ããã¦ã¿ã¦ãEBSããªã¥ã¼ã 16æ¬ã®RAID0ã§å®è¡ãã¦ã¿ã¾ãããfioã³ãã³ãã®runtimeãªãã·ã§ã³ã"128"(sec)ã«å¤æ´ãã¦å®è¡ãã¦ã¿ã¾ãã
IOPS(4k)ã®çµæã以ä¸ã
ebs * 16 | |
---|---|
randam read | 2439 |
randam write | 1056 |
æ³å®éãã§ãããæ±ããµã¤ãºãå°éã®ãã®ã¨æ¯ã¹ã¦ãããã©ã¼ãã³ã¹ãã©ãã©ããã¼ããã£ã¹ã¯ã«è¿ãå¤ã«è¿ã¥ãã¦ããã¾ãã
ã¾ã¨ã
- ä¸åº¦æ±ããã¡ã¤ã«ãµã¤ãºãå°ããã¨ãã¯ãSSDã£ã½ããã£ãã·ã¥(ï¼)ã®ãããã§ããã ã®ãã£ã¹ã¯ã¨ã¯æããªããããªããã©ã¼ãã³ã¹ãåºãã¦ãããã(IOPS)
- EBSããªã¥ã¼ã åä½ã§ã®å©ç¨ãæãã³ã¹ãããã©ã¼ãã³ã¹ã«åªãã¦ããã
- RAID0ã§2æ¬æããã¨ã©ã³ãã ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ã®ããã©ã¼ãã³ã¹ã¯è¯ããæãã¦ãã³ã¹ãçã«ã4æ¬ã¾ã§ããªã
- ãã¾ãã¾ãããããªãããc1.mediumã®ã¤ã³ã¹ã¿ã³ã¹ã§ã¯ã©ã³ãã ã©ã¤ããå®å®ããªãã£ãã(IOPS)
- ä¸åº¦ã«æ±ããã¡ã¤ã«ãµã¤ãºãå¢ãã¦ããã¨ããã¼ããã£ã¹ã¯ã£ã½ãããã©ã¼ãã³ã¹ã¾ã§è½ã¡ã¦ããã
- æ±ããã¡ã¤ã«ãµã¤ãºã®å¢å ã«å¯¾ãã¦ã¯ãEBSããªã¥ã¼ã ãæããæ¬æ°ãå¢ãããã¨ãå¹æçã
- Bandwidthã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ãã¤ã³ã¹ã¿ã³ã¹ã¿ã¤ããå¤ãã¦ããå½±é¿ã¯ããã»ã©ãªãããã
- æããæ°(RAID0)ã«ã¤ãã¦ããReadãªã2æ¬ãWriteã§ã4æ¬ã§ãã»ã¼Maxå¤ã«å°éããã
- EBSããªã¥ã¼ã ã¯ãI/Oãªã¯ã¨ã¹ãæ°ã§ã課éãããã®ã§ããã³ããã¼ã¯ã§è² è·ããã¾ããã¨ã"ã¯ã©ã¦ãç ´ç£"ã«ä¸ç´ç·ãªã®ã§ããã³ããã¼ã¯ã§ã®ãå©ç¨ã¯è¨ç»çã«...
次åäºå
ç¶ãã¦ã以ä¸ã«ã¤ãã¦ã®çµæãã¨ã³ããªã«ã¾ã¨ãã¾ãã
- EBSããªã¥ã¼ã ã®ãµã¤ãºãå¢ããã¦ããã³ããã¼ã¯ã«ã©ã®ãããå½±é¿ããã調ã¹ãã(ãã£ãã·ã¥çãªã¤ãã®ä½¿ããç¯å²ã®å¢åããããã©ããã)
- EBSã®Provisioned IOPS(ãããã¸ã§ã³ãIOPS)ã ã¨ãã©ã®ãããªçµæã«ãªãã確èªããã
ããã§ã¯æ¬¡åãã楽ãã¿ã«ï¼ =͟͟͞͞(๑•̀=͟͟͞͞(๑•̀д•́=͟͟͞͞(๑•̀д•́๑)=͟͟͞͞(๑•̀д•́
追è¨
ç¶ç·¨ãæ¸ãã¾ããã
ãããã¦èªã¿ãã
ã¾ã¨ã
ã¯ã©ã¦ãAMAZON EC2/S3ã®ãã¹ã¦ (ITpro BOOKs)
- ä½è : 並河ç¥è²´,å®éè¼é,ITpro/æ¥çµSYSTEMS
- åºç社/ã¡ã¼ã«ã¼: æ¥çµBP社
- çºå£²æ¥: 2009/11/05
- ã¡ãã£ã¢: åè¡æ¬
- è³¼å ¥: 4人 ã¯ãªãã¯: 372å
- ãã®ååãå«ãããã° (18件) ãè¦ã