William IV (937 – 3 February 994), called Fierebras or Fierebrace (meaning "Proud Arm", from the FrenchFier-à-bras or Fièrebrace, in turn from the LatinFerox brachium), was the Duke of Aquitaine and Count of Poitou from 963 to his retirement in 990.
William's father, William III, abdicated to the abbey of Saint-Cyprien in Poitiers and left the government to Fierebras. His mother was Gerloc, the daughter of Duke Rollo of Normandy. His sister was Adelaide, wife of Hugh Capet, the king against whom William later battled for his duchy. His early reign was characterised by many wars. He fought frequently against the counts of Anjou, the first time against Geoffrey Greymantle, who had taken Loudun.
In 988, he went to war with the newly elected king of France, Hugh Capet, whom he refused to recognise. Capet had been granted Aquitaine by King Lothair before the latter had been reconciled to William's father. Capet renewed his claim on the great duchy and invaded it that year. A royal army was defeated on the plain of the Loire Valley. William sheltered the young Louis, the son of Charles, Duke of Lower Lorraine, the last legitimate Carolingian heir. He opened the palace of Poitiers to him and treated him as royalty, regarding him as the true heir to the French throne.
The Duke of Aquitaine (Occitan:Duc d'Aquitània, French:Duc d'Aquitaine, IPA:[dyk dakitɛn]) was the ruler of the ancient region of Aquitaine (not to be confused with modern-day Aquitaine) under the supremacy of Frankish, English, and later French kings.
As successor states of the Visigothic Kingdom (418–721), Aquitania (Aquitaine) and Languedoc (Toulouse) inherited both Visigothic laws and Roman Law, which together allowed women more rights than their contemporaries would enjoy until the 20th century. Particularly under the Liber Judiciorum as codified 642/643 and expanded by the Code of Recceswinth in 653, women could inherit land and title and manage it independently from their husbands or male relations, dispose of their property in legal wills if they had no heirs, represent themselves and bear witness in court from the age of 14, and arrange for their own marriages after the age of 20. As a consequence, male-preference primogeniture was the practiced succession law for the nobility.
William served in the Royal Navy in his youth and was, both during his reign and afterwards, nicknamed the "Sailor King". He served in North America and the Caribbean. In 1789, he was created Duke of Clarence and St Andrews. Since his two older brothers died without leaving legitimate issue, he inherited the throne when he was 64 years old. His reign saw several reforms: the poor law was updated, child labour restricted, slavery abolished in nearly all the British Empire, and the British electoral system refashioned by the Reform Act 1832. Although William did not engage in politics as much as his brother or his father, he was the last monarch to appoint a prime minister contrary to the will of Parliament. Through his brother, the Viceroy of Hanover, he granted his German kingdom a short-lived liberal constitution.
There are traces of human settlement by prehistoric peoples, especially in the Périgord, but the earliest attested inhabitants in the south-west were the Aquitani, who were not proper Celtic people, but more akin to the Iberians (see Gallia Aquitania). Although a number of different languages and dialects were in use in the area during ancient times, it is most likely that the prevailing language of Aquitaine during the late pre-historic to Roman period was an early form of the Basque language. This has been demonstrated by various Aquitanian names and words that were recorded by the Romans, and which are currently easily readable as Basque. Whether this Aquitanian language (Proto-Basque) was a remnant of a Vasconic language group that once extended much farther, or whether it was generally limited to the Aquitaine/Basque region is not known. One reason the language of Aquitaine is important is because Basque is the last surviving non-Indo-European language in western Europe and it has had some effect on the languages around it, including Spanish and, to a lesser extent, French.
The Aquitaine was an express train that linked Bordeaux and Paris, France, between 1971 and about 1990. Operated by the Société Nationale des Chemins de fer français (SNCF), it was a first-class-only Trans Europ Express (TEE) until 1984 and then a two-class Rapide until discontinued, circa 1990.
The train was named after the region of Aquitaine, of which Bordeaux is the capital.
Route
Core route
The Aquitaine's core route was the 584km (363mi) long Paris–Bordeaux railway. Initially, the train ran non-stop, but by the time it was discontinued, it had the following stops:
Starting in late 1984, the Aquitaine's northbound route was extended to start in Hendaye on Mondays only (except holidays). On other operating days, Tuesdays through Fridays, the train still started in Bordeaux. Southbound trips continued to terminate in Bordeaux on Mondays through Thursdays, but on Fridays (except holidays) were extended to Pau, and in autumn 1986 extended farther, to Tarbes (still on Fridays only).
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William III, Duke of Aquitaine
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MOTWM Courtly Love Ep.80 Aquitaine's Contribution to Courtly Love
Dr. William Fredlund explains the relation between Eleanor of Aquitaine and Courtly Love.
published: 17 Mar 2023
Red Duke of Aquitaine in 60 seconds
The Red Duke of Bretonnia explained in 60 seconds.
published: 18 Aug 2022
Behind Every Great King... | The Life & Times of Eleanor of Aquitaine
Eleanor of Aquitaine: Duchess, Queen, Queen, and modern major General. Not bad for a 12th century woman. Of course, the life of a monarch is never a simple one and no marriage is without its hiccups. Happy Valentine's Day!
Special thanks to Lily Jurskis for lending me her vocal cords.
CGP Grey's video on the royal family: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jNgP6d9HraI
published: 14 Feb 2017
William the Conqueror - First Norman King of England Documentary
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MEDIEVAL MONARCHS: Who was Eleanor of Aquitaine? Learn more on the HEROIC mother of RICHARD and JOHN
This bite size medieval monarchs video looks at who was Eleanor of Aquitaine? Learn more on the heroic mother of Richard the Lionheart and King John who was married twice - once to the King of France Louis VII then to Henry II, King of England! Her story is one of crusades, imprisonment and the Court of Love!
Suitable for KS3/KS4 or fans of Medieval History or the Royals of the past.
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Eleanor of Aquitaine: the medieval queen who took on Europe’s most powerful men
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The Entire History of the English Monarchy (1141-1216)
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published: 27 Jul 2024
Eleanor of Aquitaine: Medieval Super Queen and the Mother of Richard the Lionheart
Eleanor of Aquitaine (1122-1204) was the Queen of France from 1137 to 1152 and Queen of England from 1154 to 1189. She was the Mother of Richard the Lionheart.
In this #short video, we recreated her face using artificial intelligence and animation tools and imagined what she might look like when she was alive. These AI Tools include iClone 7 and Character Creator 3 of Reallusion and MyHeritage Deep Nostalgia. We recreated her face using artificial intelligence and animation tools and imagined what she might look like when she was alive. These AI Tools include iClone 7 and Character Creator 3 of Reallusion and MyHeritage Deep Nostalgia.
Chapters:
00:00 Eleanor of Aquitaine
00:10 Duchess of Aquitaine
00:18 Phillip VII of France and the Crusade
00:26 Henry II of England
00:34 Supporting t...
published: 31 May 2022
British Monarchs Family Tree | Alfred the Great to Charles III
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Eleanor of Aquitaine: Duchess, Queen, Queen, and modern major General. Not bad for a 12th century woman. Of course, the life of a monarch is never a simple one ...
Eleanor of Aquitaine: Duchess, Queen, Queen, and modern major General. Not bad for a 12th century woman. Of course, the life of a monarch is never a simple one and no marriage is without its hiccups. Happy Valentine's Day!
Special thanks to Lily Jurskis for lending me her vocal cords.
CGP Grey's video on the royal family: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jNgP6d9HraI
Eleanor of Aquitaine: Duchess, Queen, Queen, and modern major General. Not bad for a 12th century woman. Of course, the life of a monarch is never a simple one and no marriage is without its hiccups. Happy Valentine's Day!
Special thanks to Lily Jurskis for lending me her vocal cords.
CGP Grey's video on the royal family: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jNgP6d9HraI
Please head over and subscribe to our friends on the History Hit Network who are helping us make these videos possible. https://www.youtube.com/@TimelineChannel...
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#Biography #History #Documentary
This bite size medieval monarchs video looks at who was Eleanor of Aquitaine? Learn more on the heroic mother of Richard the Lionheart and King John who was mar...
This bite size medieval monarchs video looks at who was Eleanor of Aquitaine? Learn more on the heroic mother of Richard the Lionheart and King John who was married twice - once to the King of France Louis VII then to Henry II, King of England! Her story is one of crusades, imprisonment and the Court of Love!
Suitable for KS3/KS4 or fans of Medieval History or the Royals of the past.
This bite size medieval monarchs video looks at who was Eleanor of Aquitaine? Learn more on the heroic mother of Richard the Lionheart and King John who was married twice - once to the King of France Louis VII then to Henry II, King of England! Her story is one of crusades, imprisonment and the Court of Love!
Suitable for KS3/KS4 or fans of Medieval History or the Royals of the past.
If you enjoy our work please subscribe to our main channel The People Profiles https://www.youtube.com/@PeopleProfiles
For early access to our videos, discounte...
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0:00:00 Matilda
01:03:44 Henry II
01:59:32 Richard the Lionheart
03:04:30 King John
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0:00:00 Matilda
01:03:44 Henry II
01:59:32 Richard the Lionheart
03:04:30 King John
#Biography #History #Documentary
Eleanor of Aquitaine (1122-1204) was the Queen of France from 1137 to 1152 and Queen of England from 1154 to 1189. She was the Mother of Richard the Lionheart.
...
Eleanor of Aquitaine (1122-1204) was the Queen of France from 1137 to 1152 and Queen of England from 1154 to 1189. She was the Mother of Richard the Lionheart.
In this #short video, we recreated her face using artificial intelligence and animation tools and imagined what she might look like when she was alive. These AI Tools include iClone 7 and Character Creator 3 of Reallusion and MyHeritage Deep Nostalgia. We recreated her face using artificial intelligence and animation tools and imagined what she might look like when she was alive. These AI Tools include iClone 7 and Character Creator 3 of Reallusion and MyHeritage Deep Nostalgia.
Chapters:
00:00 Eleanor of Aquitaine
00:10 Duchess of Aquitaine
00:18 Phillip VII of France and the Crusade
00:26 Henry II of England
00:34 Supporting the Rebellion by Her Children and Imprisonment
00:42 Regent for Richard I
00:50 Living to a good old age
She inherited the Duchy of Aquitaine from her father, William X, and was the Duchess of Aquitaine in her own right from 1137 until she died in 1204.
Eleanor first married Louis VII of France and had two daughters, and the two of them were influential leaders during the second crusade.
She sought an annulment or divorce with Louis VII after the crusade and remarried Duke Henry of Normandy, who became Henry II of England.
They had five sons, and Henry imprisoned her in 1173 for supporting her sons in rebellion against Henry. She only regained freedom after her third son, Richard I, became King.
Eleanor served as the regent when Richard embarked upon the Third Crusade, and she raised the ransom to free him from imprisonment by Austria.
Eleanor lived well into the reign of her youngest son, John, and she provided vital support for the exploits of Richard the Lionheart.
The Music is “Barfleur” by Dominique Carpentier licensed via Music Vine: X31E6T7GLVRJD1QE
#EleanorOfAquitaine, #RichardLionheart, #MeetingHistory, #HenryII, #PhillipVII, #shorts, #RichardI, #DuchessOfAquitaine, #HistoricalFigures, #BroughtToLife
Eleanor of Aquitaine (1122-1204) was the Queen of France from 1137 to 1152 and Queen of England from 1154 to 1189. She was the Mother of Richard the Lionheart.
In this #short video, we recreated her face using artificial intelligence and animation tools and imagined what she might look like when she was alive. These AI Tools include iClone 7 and Character Creator 3 of Reallusion and MyHeritage Deep Nostalgia. We recreated her face using artificial intelligence and animation tools and imagined what she might look like when she was alive. These AI Tools include iClone 7 and Character Creator 3 of Reallusion and MyHeritage Deep Nostalgia.
Chapters:
00:00 Eleanor of Aquitaine
00:10 Duchess of Aquitaine
00:18 Phillip VII of France and the Crusade
00:26 Henry II of England
00:34 Supporting the Rebellion by Her Children and Imprisonment
00:42 Regent for Richard I
00:50 Living to a good old age
She inherited the Duchy of Aquitaine from her father, William X, and was the Duchess of Aquitaine in her own right from 1137 until she died in 1204.
Eleanor first married Louis VII of France and had two daughters, and the two of them were influential leaders during the second crusade.
She sought an annulment or divorce with Louis VII after the crusade and remarried Duke Henry of Normandy, who became Henry II of England.
They had five sons, and Henry imprisoned her in 1173 for supporting her sons in rebellion against Henry. She only regained freedom after her third son, Richard I, became King.
Eleanor served as the regent when Richard embarked upon the Third Crusade, and she raised the ransom to free him from imprisonment by Austria.
Eleanor lived well into the reign of her youngest son, John, and she provided vital support for the exploits of Richard the Lionheart.
The Music is “Barfleur” by Dominique Carpentier licensed via Music Vine: X31E6T7GLVRJD1QE
#EleanorOfAquitaine, #RichardLionheart, #MeetingHistory, #HenryII, #PhillipVII, #shorts, #RichardI, #DuchessOfAquitaine, #HistoricalFigures, #BroughtToLife
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Is Britain's Real Monarch living in Australia?
https://youtu.be/AT_1lErcIoM
Who Would Be King According to Henry VIII's will?
https://youtu.be/FHve13YOTbo
Who Would Be Jacobite King?
https://youtu.be/6YgV26lmevk
Current Line of Succession:
https://youtu.be/Cs1Qq9C5haA
CREDITS:
Charts & Narration by Matt Baker
Animation by Syawish Rehman
Audio editing by Ali Shahwaiz
Intro music: "Lord of the Land" by Kevin MacLeod and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution license 4.0. Available from http://incompetech.com
Buy the chart:
https://usefulcharts.com/collections/royal-family-trees/products/european-royal-family-tree
Anglo-Saxon Kings Family Tree:
https://youtu.be/b449lCrnQqk
Welsh Monarchs Family Tree:
https://youtu.be/DiDsWeVPKb0
Is Britain's Real Monarch living in Australia?
https://youtu.be/AT_1lErcIoM
Who Would Be King According to Henry VIII's will?
https://youtu.be/FHve13YOTbo
Who Would Be Jacobite King?
https://youtu.be/6YgV26lmevk
Current Line of Succession:
https://youtu.be/Cs1Qq9C5haA
CREDITS:
Charts & Narration by Matt Baker
Animation by Syawish Rehman
Audio editing by Ali Shahwaiz
Intro music: "Lord of the Land" by Kevin MacLeod and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution license 4.0. Available from http://incompetech.com
If you find our videos helpful you can support us by buying something from amazon.
https://www.amazon.com/?tag=wiki-audio-20
William III, Duke of Aquitaine
=======Image-Copyright-Info========
License: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 (CC-BY-SA-3.0)
LicenseLink: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
Author-Info: Ipankonin
Image Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Count_of_Poitiers_Arms.svg
=======Image-Copyright-Info========
☆Video is targeted to blind users
Attribution:
Article text available under CC-BY-SA
image source in video
Eleanor of Aquitaine: Duchess, Queen, Queen, and modern major General. Not bad for a 12th century woman. Of course, the life of a monarch is never a simple one and no marriage is without its hiccups. Happy Valentine's Day!
Special thanks to Lily Jurskis for lending me her vocal cords.
CGP Grey's video on the royal family: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jNgP6d9HraI
Please head over and subscribe to our friends on the History Hit Network who are helping us make these videos possible. https://www.youtube.com/@TimelineChannel https://www.youtube.com/@RealRoyalty https://www.youtube.com/@realhistory9284 https://www.youtube.com/@ChronicleMedieval
For early access to our videos, discounted merch and many other exclusive perks please support us as a Patron or Member...
Patreon: http://www.patreon.com/thepeopleprofiles
Buy me a Coffee: https://www.buymeacoffee.com/peopleprofiles
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or follow us on Twitter! https://twitter.com/tpprofiles
Hello guys! If you like our work please subscribe to our second channel The History Chronicles https://www.youtube.com/c/TheHistoryChronicles
The script for this video has been checked with Plagiarism software and scored 0% on Grammarly. In academia, a score of below 15% is considered good or acceptable.
All footage, images and music used in People Profiles Documentaries are sourced from free media websites or are purchased with commercial rights from online media archives.
#Biography #History #Documentary
This bite size medieval monarchs video looks at who was Eleanor of Aquitaine? Learn more on the heroic mother of Richard the Lionheart and King John who was married twice - once to the King of France Louis VII then to Henry II, King of England! Her story is one of crusades, imprisonment and the Court of Love!
Suitable for KS3/KS4 or fans of Medieval History or the Royals of the past.
If you enjoy our work please subscribe to our main channel The People Profiles https://www.youtube.com/@PeopleProfiles
For early access to our videos, discounted merch and many other exclusive perks please support us as a Patron or Member...
Patreon: http://www.patreon.com/thepeopleprofiles
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or follow us on Twitter! https://twitter.com/tpprofiles
All People Profiles scripts are researched and written by qualified Historians. Please email us for script references and citations.
All footage, images and music used in People Profiles Documentaries are sourced from free media websites or are purchased with commercial rights from online media archives.
0:00:00 Matilda
01:03:44 Henry II
01:59:32 Richard the Lionheart
03:04:30 King John
#Biography #History #Documentary
Eleanor of Aquitaine (1122-1204) was the Queen of France from 1137 to 1152 and Queen of England from 1154 to 1189. She was the Mother of Richard the Lionheart.
In this #short video, we recreated her face using artificial intelligence and animation tools and imagined what she might look like when she was alive. These AI Tools include iClone 7 and Character Creator 3 of Reallusion and MyHeritage Deep Nostalgia. We recreated her face using artificial intelligence and animation tools and imagined what she might look like when she was alive. These AI Tools include iClone 7 and Character Creator 3 of Reallusion and MyHeritage Deep Nostalgia.
Chapters:
00:00 Eleanor of Aquitaine
00:10 Duchess of Aquitaine
00:18 Phillip VII of France and the Crusade
00:26 Henry II of England
00:34 Supporting the Rebellion by Her Children and Imprisonment
00:42 Regent for Richard I
00:50 Living to a good old age
She inherited the Duchy of Aquitaine from her father, William X, and was the Duchess of Aquitaine in her own right from 1137 until she died in 1204.
Eleanor first married Louis VII of France and had two daughters, and the two of them were influential leaders during the second crusade.
She sought an annulment or divorce with Louis VII after the crusade and remarried Duke Henry of Normandy, who became Henry II of England.
They had five sons, and Henry imprisoned her in 1173 for supporting her sons in rebellion against Henry. She only regained freedom after her third son, Richard I, became King.
Eleanor served as the regent when Richard embarked upon the Third Crusade, and she raised the ransom to free him from imprisonment by Austria.
Eleanor lived well into the reign of her youngest son, John, and she provided vital support for the exploits of Richard the Lionheart.
The Music is “Barfleur” by Dominique Carpentier licensed via Music Vine: X31E6T7GLVRJD1QE
#EleanorOfAquitaine, #RichardLionheart, #MeetingHistory, #HenryII, #PhillipVII, #shorts, #RichardI, #DuchessOfAquitaine, #HistoricalFigures, #BroughtToLife
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Anglo-Saxon Kings Family Tree:
https://youtu.be/b449lCrnQqk
Welsh Monarchs Family Tree:
https://youtu.be/DiDsWeVPKb0
Is Britain's Real Monarch living in Australia?
https://youtu.be/AT_1lErcIoM
Who Would Be King According to Henry VIII's will?
https://youtu.be/FHve13YOTbo
Who Would Be Jacobite King?
https://youtu.be/6YgV26lmevk
Current Line of Succession:
https://youtu.be/Cs1Qq9C5haA
CREDITS:
Charts & Narration by Matt Baker
Animation by Syawish Rehman
Audio editing by Ali Shahwaiz
Intro music: "Lord of the Land" by Kevin MacLeod and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution license 4.0. Available from http://incompetech.com
William IV (937 – 3 February 994), called Fierebras or Fierebrace (meaning "Proud Arm", from the FrenchFier-à-bras or Fièrebrace, in turn from the LatinFerox brachium), was the Duke of Aquitaine and Count of Poitou from 963 to his retirement in 990.
William's father, William III, abdicated to the abbey of Saint-Cyprien in Poitiers and left the government to Fierebras. His mother was Gerloc, the daughter of Duke Rollo of Normandy. His sister was Adelaide, wife of Hugh Capet, the king against whom William later battled for his duchy. His early reign was characterised by many wars. He fought frequently against the counts of Anjou, the first time against Geoffrey Greymantle, who had taken Loudun.
In 988, he went to war with the newly elected king of France, Hugh Capet, whom he refused to recognise. Capet had been granted Aquitaine by King Lothair before the latter had been reconciled to William's father. Capet renewed his claim on the great duchy and invaded it that year. A royal army was defeated on the plain of the Loire Valley. William sheltered the young Louis, the son of Charles, Duke of Lower Lorraine, the last legitimate Carolingian heir. He opened the palace of Poitiers to him and treated him as royalty, regarding him as the true heir to the French throne.