This is a list of characters appearing in The Sandman comic book, published by DC Comics' Vertigoimprint. This page discusses not only events which occur in The Sandman (1989–94), but also some occurring in spinoffs of The Sandman (such as The Dreaming [1996–2001] and Lucifer [1999–2007]) and in earlier stories that The Sandman was based on. These stories occur in the DC Universe, but are generally tangential to the mainstream DC stories.
The Endless
The Endless are a family of seven anthropomorphic personifications of universal concepts, around whom much of the series revolves. From eldest to youngest, they are:
Delirium (formerly "Bliss" (in Omnibus volume 1) Delight (in Omnibus volume 2)
All debuted in the Sandman series, except Destiny, who was created by Marv Wolfman and Berni Wrightson in Weird Mystery Tales #1 (1972). A more traditional version of Death had appeared in various previous stories, however.
Thessaly or Thessalia (Greek:Θεσσαλία, Thessalian: Πετθαλία, Petthalia) was one of the traditional regions of Ancient Greece. During the Mycenaean period, Thessaly was known as Aeolia, a name that continued to be used for one of the major tribes of Greece, the Aeolians, and their dialect of Greek, Aeolic.
Geography
At its greatest extent, ancient Thessaly was a wide area stretching from Mount Olympos to the north to the Spercheios Valley to the south. Thessaly is a geographically diverse region consisting of broad central plains surrounded by mountains. The plains are bounded by the Pindos Mountains to the west, Mount Othrys to the south, the Pelion and Ossa ranges to the east, and Mount Olympos to the North. The central plains consist of two basins, the Larisa basin and the Karditsa basin, drained by the Pineios River into the Vale of Tempe. The Pagasetic Gulf in southeastern Thessaly was and is the only body of water suitable for harbours in region.
Strictly speaking, Thessaly refers primarily to the central plains inhabited by the Thessalians in antiquity. The plains were divided in antiquity into four administrative regions called tetrads: Pelasgiotis, Phthiotis, Thessaliotis, and Hestiaiotis. In its broader sense, Thessaly also included the surrounding regions called the perioikoi, which were regions inhabited by different ethnic groups that were closely tied to the Thessalians either as subordinates, dependents, or allies. The perioikoi were composed of Perrhaibia, Magnesia, Achaea Phthiotis, Dolopia, Ainis, Malis, and Oitaia. The three largest cities in Thessaly were Larisa (Pelasgiotis), Pherai (Pelasgiotis), and Pharsalos (Phthiotis).
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This is not medical advice. The content is intended as educational content for health care professionals and students. If you are a patient, seek care of a health care professional. Kai performs the Thessaly Test for Meniscus Lesions and talks about the controversy around its diagnostic value!
Useful Links Below:
Smith et al. (2015): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25724195
Goosens et al (2015): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25420009
Karachalios et al (2005): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15866956
Please like and subscribe and feel free to leave a comment down below. We are happy to h...
published: 11 Oct 2015
Thessaly Test
This video demonstrates the Thessaly Test.
The Thessaly Test is used in patients who have a suspected meniscal injury. A positive test is joint line discomfort or a sense of locking or catching.
This test should only be performed 4 weeks or more after initial injury as acutely injured knees resist accurate clinical examination.
published: 19 Nov 2017
Thessalys Test for Meniscal (Meniscus) Injury of the Knee | Clinical Physio
Check out this great test which you can use you diagnose your patient with a meniscal tear at the knee joint! It teaches you the methodology, and how to interpret your findings!
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If you want to see more of these images head over to our Openstax partn...
published: 23 Jun 2020
Thessaly: Northern Greece in Antiquity
Thessaly was an important part of the ancient Greek world, bordered by Mount Olympus in the north. Yet, despite its importance, Thessaly has largely been overlooked. In this video, we look at the cities and larger history of this region and its people.
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published: 26 May 2020
Thessaly: The Land of Witches
Thessaly had a reputation in antiquity for producing magical practitioners. This was the land where witches lived, traveled, and worked their magic using the rich variety of local flora. "The Thessalian women" became synonymous with "witches," in part due to ancient Greece's most famous witch, who stopped in the region on her travels. In this video, we'll take a tour of this magic land and explore the religious and magical activities of its inhabitants.
Many thanks to Matt Lupu for lending his voice to Lucius in this episode. You can find Matt's work on ancient history on Instagram @lupupod and here: https://www.youtube.com/@themattlupupodcast
Ancient Sources:
Plutarch, Moralia, Conjugalia Praecepta 145c-d
Plutarch, Moralia, De Defectu Oraculorum 13
Scholion to Apollonius of Rhodes, Argo...
published: 19 May 2023
Thessaly Test
To view more of Dr. Donald Ozello's upcoming real-time live webinars and online courses, as well as a complete course catalog, please visit our website.
www.ccedseminars.com
Also like, follow, and friend us on Social Media
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published: 27 Oct 2020
Thessaly's Test
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Purpose: To assess for a lesion in the meniscus.
Test Position: Standing.
Performing the Test: Have the patient stand on the test leg with the knee bent to 20 degrees of flexion (the opposite leg is flexed behind the patient). The patient may place his/her hands on the hands of the examiner for balance during the test. The patient then rotates ...
published: 11 Jun 2017
Thessaly's Test
www.mskmedicine.com
published: 04 Nov 2014
Aug 4th,2024 1st Thessalians 4
Aug 4th,2024 1st Thessalians 4
published: 05 Aug 2024
Examen físico de Rodilla | Test de Thessaly
Prueba especial utilizada para evaluación de meniscos.
El paciente, de pie sobre la extremidad a evaluar, sujetándose en la camilla o en las manos del examinador, realiza una flexión de rodillas a 5° y luego rota el tronco para producir una rotación interna y externa del fémur sobre la tibia. Repite la maniobra 3 veces. Posteriormente realiza una flexión de rodillas de 20° y repite la maniobra. Este test es positivo cuando el paciente refiere dolor en la interlínea o bloqueo articular.
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Enroll in our online course: http://bit.ly/PTMSK DOWNLOAD OUR APP:
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This is not medical advice. The content is intended as educational content for health care professionals and students. If you are a patient, seek care of a health care professional. Kai performs the Thessaly Test for Meniscus Lesions and talks about the controversy around its diagnostic value!
Useful Links Below:
Smith et al. (2015): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25724195
Goosens et al (2015): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25420009
Karachalios et al (2005): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15866956
Please like and subscribe and feel free to leave a comment down below. We are happy to hear from you!
Until next time!
Your PhysioTutors
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Tags: Physio, therapy, physical, anamnesis, treatment, medical, Magee, assessment, tutorial, student, ESP, HVA, Hogeschool van, amsterdam, tutors, video, HD, test,
Physio therapy Physiotherapy assessment tutorial student ESP HVA amsterdam Physiotutors video HD Hogeschool van Amsterdam anamnesis treatment medical magee Orthopedic educational videos e-learning medicine physiotherapeutic physicaltherapy
Enroll in our online course: http://bit.ly/PTMSK DOWNLOAD OUR APP:
📱 iPhone/iPad: https://goo.gl/eUuF7w
🤖 Android: https://goo.gl/3NKzJX GET OUR ASSESSMENT BOOK ▶︎▶︎ http://bit.ly/GETPT ◀︎◀︎
This is not medical advice. The content is intended as educational content for health care professionals and students. If you are a patient, seek care of a health care professional. Kai performs the Thessaly Test for Meniscus Lesions and talks about the controversy around its diagnostic value!
Useful Links Below:
Smith et al. (2015): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25724195
Goosens et al (2015): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25420009
Karachalios et al (2005): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15866956
Please like and subscribe and feel free to leave a comment down below. We are happy to hear from you!
Until next time!
Your PhysioTutors
Like our FB-Page http://www.facebook.com/Physiotutors
Follow on Instagram: http://www.instagram.com/Physiotutors
Visit our website: http://www.physiotutors.com
Visit our school's website: http://www.espamsterdam.com
Tags: Physio, therapy, physical, anamnesis, treatment, medical, Magee, assessment, tutorial, student, ESP, HVA, Hogeschool van, amsterdam, tutors, video, HD, test,
Physio therapy Physiotherapy assessment tutorial student ESP HVA amsterdam Physiotutors video HD Hogeschool van Amsterdam anamnesis treatment medical magee Orthopedic educational videos e-learning medicine physiotherapeutic physicaltherapy
This video demonstrates the Thessaly Test.
The Thessaly Test is used in patients who have a suspected meniscal injury. A positive test is joint line discomfort...
This video demonstrates the Thessaly Test.
The Thessaly Test is used in patients who have a suspected meniscal injury. A positive test is joint line discomfort or a sense of locking or catching.
This test should only be performed 4 weeks or more after initial injury as acutely injured knees resist accurate clinical examination.
This video demonstrates the Thessaly Test.
The Thessaly Test is used in patients who have a suspected meniscal injury. A positive test is joint line discomfort or a sense of locking or catching.
This test should only be performed 4 weeks or more after initial injury as acutely injured knees resist accurate clinical examination.
Check out this great test which you can use you diagnose your patient with a meniscal tear at the knee joint! It teaches you the methodology, and how to interpr...
Check out this great test which you can use you diagnose your patient with a meniscal tear at the knee joint! It teaches you the methodology, and how to interpret your findings!
⭐ WEBSITE: https://www.clinicalphysio.com
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If you want to see more of these images head over to our Openstax partners website at https://openstax.org/.
Check out this great test which you can use you diagnose your patient with a meniscal tear at the knee joint! It teaches you the methodology, and how to interpret your findings!
⭐ WEBSITE: https://www.clinicalphysio.com
➡️ Here you can find all our best content including Live Webinars, On-Demand Webinars, Courses and More!!
⭐ MEMBERSHIP: https://member.clinicalphysio.com/memberships/
➡️ Monthly subscription, cancel anytime, access to all our best content including Live Webinars, On-Demand Webinars, Courses and More!
⭐ INSTAGRAM: https://www.instagram.com/clinicalphysio
➡️ For Daily Quizzes and Superb Content!
⭐ SUBSCRIBE TO OUR YOUTUBE:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC9ntcNPNxVo-32uE2Fv_u7A?sub_confirmation=1
If you want to see more of these images head over to our Openstax partners website at https://openstax.org/.
Thessaly was an important part of the ancient Greek world, bordered by Mount Olympus in the north. Yet, despite its importance, Thessaly has largely been overlo...
Thessaly was an important part of the ancient Greek world, bordered by Mount Olympus in the north. Yet, despite its importance, Thessaly has largely been overlooked. In this video, we look at the cities and larger history of this region and its people.
Patreon link: https://www.patreon.com/thersites
PayPal link: paypal.me/thersites
https://brave.com/noa557
Twitter link: https://twitter.com/ThersitesAthens
Minds.com link: https://www.minds.com/ThersitestheHistorian
Steemit/dtube link: https://steemit.com/@thersites/feed
BitChute: https://www.bitchute.com/channel/jbyggyAKQvVL/
Backup Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUrD-X8ppnwzNV4NzZ7VOmA
Thessaly was an important part of the ancient Greek world, bordered by Mount Olympus in the north. Yet, despite its importance, Thessaly has largely been overlooked. In this video, we look at the cities and larger history of this region and its people.
Patreon link: https://www.patreon.com/thersites
PayPal link: paypal.me/thersites
https://brave.com/noa557
Twitter link: https://twitter.com/ThersitesAthens
Minds.com link: https://www.minds.com/ThersitestheHistorian
Steemit/dtube link: https://steemit.com/@thersites/feed
BitChute: https://www.bitchute.com/channel/jbyggyAKQvVL/
Backup Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUrD-X8ppnwzNV4NzZ7VOmA
Thessaly had a reputation in antiquity for producing magical practitioners. This was the land where witches lived, traveled, and worked their magic using the ri...
Thessaly had a reputation in antiquity for producing magical practitioners. This was the land where witches lived, traveled, and worked their magic using the rich variety of local flora. "The Thessalian women" became synonymous with "witches," in part due to ancient Greece's most famous witch, who stopped in the region on her travels. In this video, we'll take a tour of this magic land and explore the religious and magical activities of its inhabitants.
Many thanks to Matt Lupu for lending his voice to Lucius in this episode. You can find Matt's work on ancient history on Instagram @lupupod and here: https://www.youtube.com/@themattlupupodcast
Ancient Sources:
Plutarch, Moralia, Conjugalia Praecepta 145c-d
Plutarch, Moralia, De Defectu Oraculorum 13
Scholion to Apollonius of Rhodes, Argonautica 4.59-61
Apuleius, Golden Ass 2.1 (Kenney's translation: https://www.amazon.com/Golden-Ass-Penguin-Classics/dp/0140435905)
Lucan, Bellum Civile Book 6 (Braund's translation: https://www.amazon.com/Civil-War-Oxford-Worlds-Classics/dp/0199540683)
Bibliography (secondary scholarship):
Bicknell, Peter. "The witch Aglaonice and dark lunar eclipses in the second and first centuries BC." Journal of the British Astronomical Association 93 (1983): 160-163.
https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1983JBAA...93..160B
Mili, Maria. Religion And Society In Ancient Thessaly. First Edition. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press, 2015.
[especially ch. 6]
Expensive copy to buy: https://www.amazon.com/Religion-Society-Thessaly-Classical-Monographs/dp/0198718012
Theme music: "Descent from the Olympos Pentatonic." (original)
Website: www.hearthofhaemonia.com
IG: @hearthofhaemonia
Contact: [email protected]
Chapters:
00:00 Introduction
02:43 Thessalian Life
05:36 Witchcraft
09:21 Literary History
17:03 Aglaonike
25:04 Wrap Up / Thank you!
Stock footage and music from Envato Elements.
Images:
Map of the Balkan Peninsula: public domain (via Wikimedia Commons)
Drachma depicting cavalry and infantry, Pellina, Thessaly: CNG Coins (via Wikimedia Commons)
Battle of Issus Mosaic: public domain (via Wikimedia Commons)
Greek Post Card, Paysans de Thessalie: public domain (via Wikimedia Commons)
Thessaly City-States map: http://wringher.blogspot.com/2014/05/a-history-of-thessalian-cavalry-part-2.html
Relief sculpture, Taq-e Bustan, Kermanshah, Iran: Ninara (via Wikimedia Commons)
Cover of Mili's Book: (Amazon)
Hermes depicted on a black figure kylix: Katolophyromai (via Wikimedia Commons)
Hermes guiding the dead on a lekythos vase: ArchaiOpix (via Wikimedia Commons)
Coin of Ennodia, Pherai, Thessaly: ArchaiOpix (via Wikimedia Commons)
Medea, Frederick Sandys (1866-1868): public domain (via Wikimedia Commons)
The Battle of Pharsalus and the Death of Pompey, Apollonio di Giovanni & Marco del Buono Giamberti (1455-1460): public domain (via Wikimedia Commons)
(2 images) Erichtho, John Hamilton Mortimer: https://www.mutualart.com/Artwork/Sextus-Pompeius-consulting-Erichtho-befo/38297808C414FB07; XanonymusX (via Wikimedia Commons)
Braund's translation of Lucan: (Amazon)
Kenney's translation of Apuleius: (Amazon)
Salem MA (modern day): https://www.timeout.com/boston/news/crowds-in-salem-ma-hit-over-100-000-per-day-near-halloween-102022
The Witch House, Salem, MA: SalemPuritan (via Wikimedia Commons)
Bust of Plutarch: Odysses (via Wikimedia Commons)
Modern portrait of Aglaonike (Aglaonice): Alzinous (via Wikimedia Commons)
Thessaly had a reputation in antiquity for producing magical practitioners. This was the land where witches lived, traveled, and worked their magic using the rich variety of local flora. "The Thessalian women" became synonymous with "witches," in part due to ancient Greece's most famous witch, who stopped in the region on her travels. In this video, we'll take a tour of this magic land and explore the religious and magical activities of its inhabitants.
Many thanks to Matt Lupu for lending his voice to Lucius in this episode. You can find Matt's work on ancient history on Instagram @lupupod and here: https://www.youtube.com/@themattlupupodcast
Ancient Sources:
Plutarch, Moralia, Conjugalia Praecepta 145c-d
Plutarch, Moralia, De Defectu Oraculorum 13
Scholion to Apollonius of Rhodes, Argonautica 4.59-61
Apuleius, Golden Ass 2.1 (Kenney's translation: https://www.amazon.com/Golden-Ass-Penguin-Classics/dp/0140435905)
Lucan, Bellum Civile Book 6 (Braund's translation: https://www.amazon.com/Civil-War-Oxford-Worlds-Classics/dp/0199540683)
Bibliography (secondary scholarship):
Bicknell, Peter. "The witch Aglaonice and dark lunar eclipses in the second and first centuries BC." Journal of the British Astronomical Association 93 (1983): 160-163.
https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1983JBAA...93..160B
Mili, Maria. Religion And Society In Ancient Thessaly. First Edition. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press, 2015.
[especially ch. 6]
Expensive copy to buy: https://www.amazon.com/Religion-Society-Thessaly-Classical-Monographs/dp/0198718012
Theme music: "Descent from the Olympos Pentatonic." (original)
Website: www.hearthofhaemonia.com
IG: @hearthofhaemonia
Contact: [email protected]
Chapters:
00:00 Introduction
02:43 Thessalian Life
05:36 Witchcraft
09:21 Literary History
17:03 Aglaonike
25:04 Wrap Up / Thank you!
Stock footage and music from Envato Elements.
Images:
Map of the Balkan Peninsula: public domain (via Wikimedia Commons)
Drachma depicting cavalry and infantry, Pellina, Thessaly: CNG Coins (via Wikimedia Commons)
Battle of Issus Mosaic: public domain (via Wikimedia Commons)
Greek Post Card, Paysans de Thessalie: public domain (via Wikimedia Commons)
Thessaly City-States map: http://wringher.blogspot.com/2014/05/a-history-of-thessalian-cavalry-part-2.html
Relief sculpture, Taq-e Bustan, Kermanshah, Iran: Ninara (via Wikimedia Commons)
Cover of Mili's Book: (Amazon)
Hermes depicted on a black figure kylix: Katolophyromai (via Wikimedia Commons)
Hermes guiding the dead on a lekythos vase: ArchaiOpix (via Wikimedia Commons)
Coin of Ennodia, Pherai, Thessaly: ArchaiOpix (via Wikimedia Commons)
Medea, Frederick Sandys (1866-1868): public domain (via Wikimedia Commons)
The Battle of Pharsalus and the Death of Pompey, Apollonio di Giovanni & Marco del Buono Giamberti (1455-1460): public domain (via Wikimedia Commons)
(2 images) Erichtho, John Hamilton Mortimer: https://www.mutualart.com/Artwork/Sextus-Pompeius-consulting-Erichtho-befo/38297808C414FB07; XanonymusX (via Wikimedia Commons)
Braund's translation of Lucan: (Amazon)
Kenney's translation of Apuleius: (Amazon)
Salem MA (modern day): https://www.timeout.com/boston/news/crowds-in-salem-ma-hit-over-100-000-per-day-near-halloween-102022
The Witch House, Salem, MA: SalemPuritan (via Wikimedia Commons)
Bust of Plutarch: Odysses (via Wikimedia Commons)
Modern portrait of Aglaonike (Aglaonice): Alzinous (via Wikimedia Commons)
To view more of Dr. Donald Ozello's upcoming real-time live webinars and online courses, as well as a complete course catalog, please visit our website.
www.cce...
To view more of Dr. Donald Ozello's upcoming real-time live webinars and online courses, as well as a complete course catalog, please visit our website.
www.ccedseminars.com
Also like, follow, and friend us on Social Media
@drhorne1
To view more of Dr. Donald Ozello's upcoming real-time live webinars and online courses, as well as a complete course catalog, please visit our website.
www.ccedseminars.com
Also like, follow, and friend us on Social Media
@drhorne1
It is our mission to challenge sports and orthopedic physical therapists to become clinical experts by providing residency level education.
Follow us!
✮ EMAIL...
It is our mission to challenge sports and orthopedic physical therapists to become clinical experts by providing residency level education.
Follow us!
✮ EMAIL: [email protected]
✮ BLOG: https://www.thestudentphysicaltherapist.com
✮ INSTAGRAM: https://www.instagram.com/tsptofficial/
✮ FACEBOOK: https://www.facebook.com/tsptofficial/
✮ INSIDER ACCESS: https://the-student-physical-therapist-tspt.teachable.com/p/insider-access
Purpose: To assess for a lesion in the meniscus.
Test Position: Standing.
Performing the Test: Have the patient stand on the test leg with the knee bent to 20 degrees of flexion (the opposite leg is flexed behind the patient). The patient may place his/her hands on the hands of the examiner for balance during the test. The patient then rotates the knee medially and laterally 3 times each direction. A positive test occurs when the patient experiences joint line discomfort or if locking/catching occurs.
Diagnostic Accuracy: Sensitivity: .89; Specificity: .92; +LR: 11.1; -LR: .12 ("Diagnostic accuracy of a new clinical test (the Thessaly test) for early detection of meniscal tears"). Sensitivity: .90; Specificity: .98; +LR: 39.3; -LR: .09 ("The Thessaly test for detection of meniscal tears: validation of a new physical examination technique for primary care medicine").
Importance of Test: According to Neumann, the menisci are crescent-shaped structures that help increase the concavity of the tibia for acceptance of the femoral condyles. They attach anteriorly and posteriorly to the intercondylar area of the tibia. Laterally, they adhere to the tibia loosely via the coronary ligaments (this allows some sliding of the menisci!). With its concave shape, the meniscus acts to decrease compressive forces of the knee by increasing the force distribution of the femoral condyles onto the tibia. Due to decreased blood supply to the inner aspects of each meniscus, an injury in this area is less likely to heal. This test tries to maximally stress the ligament by placing the affected limb in full weight-bearing (single-limb stance) and a flexed position combined with rotary forces. The meniscus is usually injured through twisting motions on a slightly bent knee or sometimes through strong contractions of the semimembranosus, quadriceps, or popliteus, due to their attachments to the menisci. Whenever an injured meniscus is present or a meniscus is removed, the force distribution characteristic is loss and increased compressive forces are placed on the knee. These individuals have been found to have increased development of arthritis!
Note: these tests should only be used by properly trained health care practitioners
It is our mission to challenge sports and orthopedic physical therapists to become clinical experts by providing residency level education.
Follow us!
✮ EMAIL: [email protected]
✮ BLOG: https://www.thestudentphysicaltherapist.com
✮ INSTAGRAM: https://www.instagram.com/tsptofficial/
✮ FACEBOOK: https://www.facebook.com/tsptofficial/
✮ INSIDER ACCESS: https://the-student-physical-therapist-tspt.teachable.com/p/insider-access
Purpose: To assess for a lesion in the meniscus.
Test Position: Standing.
Performing the Test: Have the patient stand on the test leg with the knee bent to 20 degrees of flexion (the opposite leg is flexed behind the patient). The patient may place his/her hands on the hands of the examiner for balance during the test. The patient then rotates the knee medially and laterally 3 times each direction. A positive test occurs when the patient experiences joint line discomfort or if locking/catching occurs.
Diagnostic Accuracy: Sensitivity: .89; Specificity: .92; +LR: 11.1; -LR: .12 ("Diagnostic accuracy of a new clinical test (the Thessaly test) for early detection of meniscal tears"). Sensitivity: .90; Specificity: .98; +LR: 39.3; -LR: .09 ("The Thessaly test for detection of meniscal tears: validation of a new physical examination technique for primary care medicine").
Importance of Test: According to Neumann, the menisci are crescent-shaped structures that help increase the concavity of the tibia for acceptance of the femoral condyles. They attach anteriorly and posteriorly to the intercondylar area of the tibia. Laterally, they adhere to the tibia loosely via the coronary ligaments (this allows some sliding of the menisci!). With its concave shape, the meniscus acts to decrease compressive forces of the knee by increasing the force distribution of the femoral condyles onto the tibia. Due to decreased blood supply to the inner aspects of each meniscus, an injury in this area is less likely to heal. This test tries to maximally stress the ligament by placing the affected limb in full weight-bearing (single-limb stance) and a flexed position combined with rotary forces. The meniscus is usually injured through twisting motions on a slightly bent knee or sometimes through strong contractions of the semimembranosus, quadriceps, or popliteus, due to their attachments to the menisci. Whenever an injured meniscus is present or a meniscus is removed, the force distribution characteristic is loss and increased compressive forces are placed on the knee. These individuals have been found to have increased development of arthritis!
Note: these tests should only be used by properly trained health care practitioners
Prueba especial utilizada para evaluación de meniscos.
El paciente, de pie sobre la extremidad a evaluar, sujetándose en la camilla o en las manos del examinado...
Prueba especial utilizada para evaluación de meniscos.
El paciente, de pie sobre la extremidad a evaluar, sujetándose en la camilla o en las manos del examinador, realiza una flexión de rodillas a 5° y luego rota el tronco para producir una rotación interna y externa del fémur sobre la tibia. Repite la maniobra 3 veces. Posteriormente realiza una flexión de rodillas de 20° y repite la maniobra. Este test es positivo cuando el paciente refiere dolor en la interlínea o bloqueo articular.
Prueba especial utilizada para evaluación de meniscos.
El paciente, de pie sobre la extremidad a evaluar, sujetándose en la camilla o en las manos del examinador, realiza una flexión de rodillas a 5° y luego rota el tronco para producir una rotación interna y externa del fémur sobre la tibia. Repite la maniobra 3 veces. Posteriormente realiza una flexión de rodillas de 20° y repite la maniobra. Este test es positivo cuando el paciente refiere dolor en la interlínea o bloqueo articular.
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This is not medical advice. The content is intended as educational content for health care professionals and students. If you are a patient, seek care of a health care professional. Kai performs the Thessaly Test for Meniscus Lesions and talks about the controversy around its diagnostic value!
Useful Links Below:
Smith et al. (2015): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25724195
Goosens et al (2015): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25420009
Karachalios et al (2005): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15866956
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This video demonstrates the Thessaly Test.
The Thessaly Test is used in patients who have a suspected meniscal injury. A positive test is joint line discomfort or a sense of locking or catching.
This test should only be performed 4 weeks or more after initial injury as acutely injured knees resist accurate clinical examination.
Check out this great test which you can use you diagnose your patient with a meniscal tear at the knee joint! It teaches you the methodology, and how to interpret your findings!
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Thessaly was an important part of the ancient Greek world, bordered by Mount Olympus in the north. Yet, despite its importance, Thessaly has largely been overlooked. In this video, we look at the cities and larger history of this region and its people.
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Thessaly had a reputation in antiquity for producing magical practitioners. This was the land where witches lived, traveled, and worked their magic using the rich variety of local flora. "The Thessalian women" became synonymous with "witches," in part due to ancient Greece's most famous witch, who stopped in the region on her travels. In this video, we'll take a tour of this magic land and explore the religious and magical activities of its inhabitants.
Many thanks to Matt Lupu for lending his voice to Lucius in this episode. You can find Matt's work on ancient history on Instagram @lupupod and here: https://www.youtube.com/@themattlupupodcast
Ancient Sources:
Plutarch, Moralia, Conjugalia Praecepta 145c-d
Plutarch, Moralia, De Defectu Oraculorum 13
Scholion to Apollonius of Rhodes, Argonautica 4.59-61
Apuleius, Golden Ass 2.1 (Kenney's translation: https://www.amazon.com/Golden-Ass-Penguin-Classics/dp/0140435905)
Lucan, Bellum Civile Book 6 (Braund's translation: https://www.amazon.com/Civil-War-Oxford-Worlds-Classics/dp/0199540683)
Bibliography (secondary scholarship):
Bicknell, Peter. "The witch Aglaonice and dark lunar eclipses in the second and first centuries BC." Journal of the British Astronomical Association 93 (1983): 160-163.
https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1983JBAA...93..160B
Mili, Maria. Religion And Society In Ancient Thessaly. First Edition. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press, 2015.
[especially ch. 6]
Expensive copy to buy: https://www.amazon.com/Religion-Society-Thessaly-Classical-Monographs/dp/0198718012
Theme music: "Descent from the Olympos Pentatonic." (original)
Website: www.hearthofhaemonia.com
IG: @hearthofhaemonia
Contact: [email protected]
Chapters:
00:00 Introduction
02:43 Thessalian Life
05:36 Witchcraft
09:21 Literary History
17:03 Aglaonike
25:04 Wrap Up / Thank you!
Stock footage and music from Envato Elements.
Images:
Map of the Balkan Peninsula: public domain (via Wikimedia Commons)
Drachma depicting cavalry and infantry, Pellina, Thessaly: CNG Coins (via Wikimedia Commons)
Battle of Issus Mosaic: public domain (via Wikimedia Commons)
Greek Post Card, Paysans de Thessalie: public domain (via Wikimedia Commons)
Thessaly City-States map: http://wringher.blogspot.com/2014/05/a-history-of-thessalian-cavalry-part-2.html
Relief sculpture, Taq-e Bustan, Kermanshah, Iran: Ninara (via Wikimedia Commons)
Cover of Mili's Book: (Amazon)
Hermes depicted on a black figure kylix: Katolophyromai (via Wikimedia Commons)
Hermes guiding the dead on a lekythos vase: ArchaiOpix (via Wikimedia Commons)
Coin of Ennodia, Pherai, Thessaly: ArchaiOpix (via Wikimedia Commons)
Medea, Frederick Sandys (1866-1868): public domain (via Wikimedia Commons)
The Battle of Pharsalus and the Death of Pompey, Apollonio di Giovanni & Marco del Buono Giamberti (1455-1460): public domain (via Wikimedia Commons)
(2 images) Erichtho, John Hamilton Mortimer: https://www.mutualart.com/Artwork/Sextus-Pompeius-consulting-Erichtho-befo/38297808C414FB07; XanonymusX (via Wikimedia Commons)
Braund's translation of Lucan: (Amazon)
Kenney's translation of Apuleius: (Amazon)
Salem MA (modern day): https://www.timeout.com/boston/news/crowds-in-salem-ma-hit-over-100-000-per-day-near-halloween-102022
The Witch House, Salem, MA: SalemPuritan (via Wikimedia Commons)
Bust of Plutarch: Odysses (via Wikimedia Commons)
Modern portrait of Aglaonike (Aglaonice): Alzinous (via Wikimedia Commons)
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Purpose: To assess for a lesion in the meniscus.
Test Position: Standing.
Performing the Test: Have the patient stand on the test leg with the knee bent to 20 degrees of flexion (the opposite leg is flexed behind the patient). The patient may place his/her hands on the hands of the examiner for balance during the test. The patient then rotates the knee medially and laterally 3 times each direction. A positive test occurs when the patient experiences joint line discomfort or if locking/catching occurs.
Diagnostic Accuracy: Sensitivity: .89; Specificity: .92; +LR: 11.1; -LR: .12 ("Diagnostic accuracy of a new clinical test (the Thessaly test) for early detection of meniscal tears"). Sensitivity: .90; Specificity: .98; +LR: 39.3; -LR: .09 ("The Thessaly test for detection of meniscal tears: validation of a new physical examination technique for primary care medicine").
Importance of Test: According to Neumann, the menisci are crescent-shaped structures that help increase the concavity of the tibia for acceptance of the femoral condyles. They attach anteriorly and posteriorly to the intercondylar area of the tibia. Laterally, they adhere to the tibia loosely via the coronary ligaments (this allows some sliding of the menisci!). With its concave shape, the meniscus acts to decrease compressive forces of the knee by increasing the force distribution of the femoral condyles onto the tibia. Due to decreased blood supply to the inner aspects of each meniscus, an injury in this area is less likely to heal. This test tries to maximally stress the ligament by placing the affected limb in full weight-bearing (single-limb stance) and a flexed position combined with rotary forces. The meniscus is usually injured through twisting motions on a slightly bent knee or sometimes through strong contractions of the semimembranosus, quadriceps, or popliteus, due to their attachments to the menisci. Whenever an injured meniscus is present or a meniscus is removed, the force distribution characteristic is loss and increased compressive forces are placed on the knee. These individuals have been found to have increased development of arthritis!
Note: these tests should only be used by properly trained health care practitioners
Prueba especial utilizada para evaluación de meniscos.
El paciente, de pie sobre la extremidad a evaluar, sujetándose en la camilla o en las manos del examinador, realiza una flexión de rodillas a 5° y luego rota el tronco para producir una rotación interna y externa del fémur sobre la tibia. Repite la maniobra 3 veces. Posteriormente realiza una flexión de rodillas de 20° y repite la maniobra. Este test es positivo cuando el paciente refiere dolor en la interlínea o bloqueo articular.