Lothair (French:Lothaire; Latin:Lothārius; 941 – 2 March 986), sometimes called Lothair III or Lothair IV, was the Carolingian king of West Francia from 10 September 954.
Regency
Lothair, born near the end of 941, was the son of Louis IV and Gerberga of Saxony. He succeeded his father in 954 at the age of thirteen and was crowned at the Abbey of Saint-Remi by Artald of Reims, Archbishop of Reims. Lothair's mother made an arrangement with her brother-in-law Hugh the Great, Duke of the Franks and Count of Paris, who had been an adversary to Lothair's father. In exchange for supporting Lothair's rule Hugh was given rule over Aquitaine and much of Burgundy as more or less a viceroy. Lothair inherited a kingdom where the great magnates took lands, rights and offices almost without any regard for the king's authority. Magnates like Hugh the Great and Herbert II, Count of Vermandois were always a veiled threat.
In 955, Lothair and Hugh together took Poitiers by siege. With Hugh the Great's death in 956, Lothair, only fifteen, came under the guardianship of his maternal uncle Bruno, archbishop of Cologne. With Bruno's advice, Lothair mediated between Hugh's sons, Hugh Capet and the younger Otto Henry. The king gave Paris and the ducal title to Capet, although he later invested Otto with the Duchy of Burgundy in 960.
Formerly known as RFO Sat, the channel was originally broadcasting 9 hours per day only. It was re-branded France Ô in 2004 in order to better show it was part of the France Télévisions group. The "O" stands for Outre-mer (overseas), and the accent shows that the channel was opened to all accents and dialects of the world, but also ensures that the name of the channel is not read as France 0 ("France zéro").
The channel became available in overseas territories in November 2010, replacing the RFO-operated Tempo.
French wine is produced all throughout France, in quantities between 50 and 60million hectolitres per year, or 7–8billion bottles. France is one of the largest wine producers in the world. French wine traces its history to the 6th century BC, with many of France's regions dating their wine-making history to Roman times. The wines produced range from expensive high-end wines sold internationally to more modest wines usually only seen within France as the Margnat wines were during the post war period.
Two concepts central to higher end French wines are the notion of "terroir", which links the style of the wines to the specific locations where the grapes are grown and the wine is made, and the Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) system. Appellation rules closely define which grape varieties and winemaking practices are approved for classification in each of France's several hundred geographically defined appellations, which can cover entire regions, individual villages or even specific vineyards.
Episode 27 of the podcast we are discussing Lothair of France of the Carolingian Dynasty, King of Western Francia. Tune in to hear about the penultimate Carolingian king, how to boot your rumor-starting brother out of your kingdom, and your official invite to our feast of fools!
We cover the reign of Lothair of France, aka Lothair III or Lothair IV.
If you enjoyed this episode, please rate and review us on ApplePodcasts and don't forget to like, share, and subscribe!
_____________________________________________________________________________
You can follow us on Instagram or Facebook @royalmalarkey
Check out our website at royalmalarkey.com
We'd love to hear from you! Send us a message at [email protected]
Follow our Podcast Network Channel on YouTube @AVersion TV where you can ...
published: 27 Sep 2020
Operation Downfall | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Operation Downfall
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio article...
Episode 27 of the podcast we are discussing Lothair of France of the Carolingian Dynasty, King of Western Francia. Tune in to hear about the penultimate Carolin...
Episode 27 of the podcast we are discussing Lothair of France of the Carolingian Dynasty, King of Western Francia. Tune in to hear about the penultimate Carolingian king, how to boot your rumor-starting brother out of your kingdom, and your official invite to our feast of fools!
We cover the reign of Lothair of France, aka Lothair III or Lothair IV.
If you enjoyed this episode, please rate and review us on ApplePodcasts and don't forget to like, share, and subscribe!
_____________________________________________________________________________
You can follow us on Instagram or Facebook @royalmalarkey
Check out our website at royalmalarkey.com
We'd love to hear from you! Send us a message at [email protected]
Follow our Podcast Network Channel on YouTube @AVersion TV where you can also find ANX Gamecast and the ANX Weekly Update where they cover video game releases, trending gaming news & MORE
Episode 27 of the podcast we are discussing Lothair of France of the Carolingian Dynasty, King of Western Francia. Tune in to hear about the penultimate Carolingian king, how to boot your rumor-starting brother out of your kingdom, and your official invite to our feast of fools!
We cover the reign of Lothair of France, aka Lothair III or Lothair IV.
If you enjoyed this episode, please rate and review us on ApplePodcasts and don't forget to like, share, and subscribe!
_____________________________________________________________________________
You can follow us on Instagram or Facebook @royalmalarkey
Check out our website at royalmalarkey.com
We'd love to hear from you! Send us a message at [email protected]
Follow our Podcast Network Channel on YouTube @AVersion TV where you can also find ANX Gamecast and the ANX Weekly Update where they cover video game releases, trending gaming news & MORE
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Operation Downfall
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written languag...
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Operation Downfall
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
"The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing."
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Operation Downfall was the proposed Allied plan for the invasion of Japan near the end of World War II. The planned operation was cancelled when Japan surrendered following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Soviet declaration of war, and the Soviet invasion of Manchuria. The operation had two parts: Operation Olympic and Operation Coronet. Set to begin in November 1945, Operation Olympic was intended to capture the southern third of the southernmost main Japanese island, Kyūshū, with the recently captured island of Okinawa to be used as a staging area. Later, in the spring of 1946, Operation Coronet was the planned invasion of the Kantō Plain, near Tokyo, on the Japanese island of Honshu. Airbases on Kyūshū captured in Operation Olympic would allow land-based air support for Operation Coronet. If Downfall had taken place, it would have been the largest amphibious operation in history.Japan's geography made this invasion plan quite obvious to the Japanese as well; they were able to accurately predict the Allied invasion plans and thus adjust their defensive plan, Operation Ketsugō, accordingly. The Japanese planned an all-out defense of Kyūshū, with little left in reserve for any subsequent defense operations. Casualty predictions varied widely, but were extremely high. Depending on the degree to which Japanese civilians would have resisted the invasion, estimates ran up into the millions for Allied casualties.
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Operation Downfall
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
"The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing."
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Operation Downfall was the proposed Allied plan for the invasion of Japan near the end of World War II. The planned operation was cancelled when Japan surrendered following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Soviet declaration of war, and the Soviet invasion of Manchuria. The operation had two parts: Operation Olympic and Operation Coronet. Set to begin in November 1945, Operation Olympic was intended to capture the southern third of the southernmost main Japanese island, Kyūshū, with the recently captured island of Okinawa to be used as a staging area. Later, in the spring of 1946, Operation Coronet was the planned invasion of the Kantō Plain, near Tokyo, on the Japanese island of Honshu. Airbases on Kyūshū captured in Operation Olympic would allow land-based air support for Operation Coronet. If Downfall had taken place, it would have been the largest amphibious operation in history.Japan's geography made this invasion plan quite obvious to the Japanese as well; they were able to accurately predict the Allied invasion plans and thus adjust their defensive plan, Operation Ketsugō, accordingly. The Japanese planned an all-out defense of Kyūshū, with little left in reserve for any subsequent defense operations. Casualty predictions varied widely, but were extremely high. Depending on the degree to which Japanese civilians would have resisted the invasion, estimates ran up into the millions for Allied casualties.
Episode 27 of the podcast we are discussing Lothair of France of the Carolingian Dynasty, King of Western Francia. Tune in to hear about the penultimate Carolingian king, how to boot your rumor-starting brother out of your kingdom, and your official invite to our feast of fools!
We cover the reign of Lothair of France, aka Lothair III or Lothair IV.
If you enjoyed this episode, please rate and review us on ApplePodcasts and don't forget to like, share, and subscribe!
_____________________________________________________________________________
You can follow us on Instagram or Facebook @royalmalarkey
Check out our website at royalmalarkey.com
We'd love to hear from you! Send us a message at [email protected]
Follow our Podcast Network Channel on YouTube @AVersion TV where you can also find ANX Gamecast and the ANX Weekly Update where they cover video game releases, trending gaming news & MORE
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Operation Downfall
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
"The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing."
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Operation Downfall was the proposed Allied plan for the invasion of Japan near the end of World War II. The planned operation was cancelled when Japan surrendered following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Soviet declaration of war, and the Soviet invasion of Manchuria. The operation had two parts: Operation Olympic and Operation Coronet. Set to begin in November 1945, Operation Olympic was intended to capture the southern third of the southernmost main Japanese island, Kyūshū, with the recently captured island of Okinawa to be used as a staging area. Later, in the spring of 1946, Operation Coronet was the planned invasion of the Kantō Plain, near Tokyo, on the Japanese island of Honshu. Airbases on Kyūshū captured in Operation Olympic would allow land-based air support for Operation Coronet. If Downfall had taken place, it would have been the largest amphibious operation in history.Japan's geography made this invasion plan quite obvious to the Japanese as well; they were able to accurately predict the Allied invasion plans and thus adjust their defensive plan, Operation Ketsugō, accordingly. The Japanese planned an all-out defense of Kyūshū, with little left in reserve for any subsequent defense operations. Casualty predictions varied widely, but were extremely high. Depending on the degree to which Japanese civilians would have resisted the invasion, estimates ran up into the millions for Allied casualties.
Lothair (French:Lothaire; Latin:Lothārius; 941 – 2 March 986), sometimes called Lothair III or Lothair IV, was the Carolingian king of West Francia from 10 September 954.
Regency
Lothair, born near the end of 941, was the son of Louis IV and Gerberga of Saxony. He succeeded his father in 954 at the age of thirteen and was crowned at the Abbey of Saint-Remi by Artald of Reims, Archbishop of Reims. Lothair's mother made an arrangement with her brother-in-law Hugh the Great, Duke of the Franks and Count of Paris, who had been an adversary to Lothair's father. In exchange for supporting Lothair's rule Hugh was given rule over Aquitaine and much of Burgundy as more or less a viceroy. Lothair inherited a kingdom where the great magnates took lands, rights and offices almost without any regard for the king's authority. Magnates like Hugh the Great and Herbert II, Count of Vermandois were always a veiled threat.
In 955, Lothair and Hugh together took Poitiers by siege. With Hugh the Great's death in 956, Lothair, only fifteen, came under the guardianship of his maternal uncle Bruno, archbishop of Cologne. With Bruno's advice, Lothair mediated between Hugh's sons, Hugh Capet and the younger Otto Henry. The king gave Paris and the ducal title to Capet, although he later invested Otto with the Duchy of Burgundy in 960.