The Lebanese Civil War (Arabic:الحرب الأهلية اللبنانية - Al-Ḥarb al-Ahliyyah al-Libnāniyyah) was a multifaceted civil war in Lebanon, lasting from 1975 to 1990 and resulting in an estimated 120,000 fatalities. As of 2012, approximately 76,000 people remain displaced within Lebanon. There was also an exodus of almost one million people from Lebanon as a result of the war.
Before the war, Lebanon was multisectarian, with [[Sunni Islam|Sunnis Muslims] and Christians being the majorities on the coastal cities, Shia Muslims being mainly based in the south and the Beqaa to the east, with the mountain populations being in their majority Druze and Christian. The government of Lebanon had been run under a significant influence of the elites among the Maronite Christians. The link between politics and religion had been reinforced under the mandate of the French colonial powers from 1920 to 1943, and the parliamentary structure favored a leading position for the Christians. However, the country had a large Muslim population and many pan-Arabist and left-wing groups opposed the pro-western government. The establishment of the state of Israel and the displacement of a hundred thousand Palestinian refugees to Lebanon during the 1948 and 1967 exoduses contributed to shifting the demographic balance in favor of the Muslim population. The Cold War had a powerful disintegrative effect on Lebanon, which was closely linked to the polarization that preceded the 1958 political crisis, since Maronites sided with the West while leftist and pan-Arab groups sided with Soviet-aligned Arab countries.
The 1982 Lebanon War (Arabic:الاجتياح, Al-ijtiyāḥ, "the invasion"), (Hebrew:מלחמת לבנון הראשונה, Milhemet Levanon Harishona, "the first Lebanon war"), called Operation Peace for Galilee (Hebrew:מבצע שלום הגליל, or מבצע של"גMivtsa Shlom HaGalil or Mivtsa Sheleg) by Israel, and later known in Israel as the Lebanon War and First Lebanon War, began on 6 June 1982, when the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) invaded southern Lebanon, after repeated attacks and counter-attacks between the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) operating in southern Lebanon and the IDF which caused civilian casualties on both sides of the border. The military operation was launched after gunmen from Abu Nidal's organization attempted to assassinate Shlomo Argov, Israel's ambassador to the United Kingdom. Prime Minister Menachem Begin blamed Abu Nidal's enemy, the PLO, for the incident, and treated the incident as a casus belli for the invasion.
After attacking the PLO – as well as Syrian, leftist, and Muslim Lebanese forces – Israeli military, in cooperation with the Maronite allies and the self-proclaimed Free Lebanon State occupied southern Lebanon, eventually surrounding the PLO and elements of the Syrian army. Surrounded in West Beirut and subjected to heavy bombardment, the PLO forces and their allies negotiated passage from Lebanon with the aid of United States Special EnvoyPhilip Habib and the protection of international peacekeepers. The PLO, under the chairmanship of Yasser Arafat, had relocated its headquarters to Tripoli in June 1982. By expelling the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), removing Syrian influence over Lebanon, and installing a pro-Israeli Christian government led by Bachir Gemayel, Israel hoped to sign a treaty which Menachem Begin promised would give Israel "forty years of peace".
The Chilean Civil War of 1891, also known as Revolution of 1891 was an armed conflict between forces supporting Congress and forces supporting the sitting President, José Manuel Balmaceda. The war saw a confrontation between the Chilean Army and the Chilean Navy, which had sided with the president and the congress, respectively. This conflict ended with the defeat of the Chilean Army and the presidential forces and President Balmaceda committing suicide as a consequence. In Chilean historiography the war marks the end of the Liberal Republic and the beginning of the Parliamentary Era.
Causes
The Chilean civil war grew out of political disagreements between the president of Chile, José Manuel Balmaceda, and the Chilean congress. In 1889, the congress became distinctly hostile to the administration of President Balmaceda, and the political situation became serious, at times threatened to involve the country in civil war. According to usage and custom in Chile at the time, a minister could not remain in office unless supported by a majority in the chambers. Balmaceda found himself in the difficult position of being unable to appoint any ministers that could control a majority in the senate and chamber of deputies and at the same time be in accordance with his own views of the administration of public affairs. At this juncture, the president assumed that the constitution gave him the power of nominating and maintaining in office any ministers of his choice and that congress had no power to interfere.
The 1958 Lebanon crisis was a Lebanese political crisis caused by political and religious tensions in the country that included a U.S. military intervention. The intervention lasted around three months until President Camille Chamoun, who had requested the assistance, completed his term as president of Lebanon. American and Lebanese government forces successfully occupied the port and international airport of Beirut. The crisis over, the United States withdrew shortly after.
Background
In July 1958, Lebanon was threatened by a civil war between Maronite Christians and Muslims. Tensions with Egypt had escalated earlier in 1956 when pro-western PresidentCamille Chamoun, a Christian, did not break diplomatic relations with the Western powers that attacked Egypt during the Suez Crisis, angering Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser. These tensions were further increased when Chamoun showed closeness to the Baghdad Pact. Nasser felt that the pro-western Baghdad Pact posed a threat to Arab nationalism. As a response, Egypt and Syria united into the United Arab Republic (UAR). Lebanese SunniPrime MinisterRashid Karami supported Nasser in 1956 and 1958. Karami formed a national reconciliation government after the 1958 crisis ended.
How Lebanon descended into Civil War -The Lebanese Civil War 1975 - 1990
https://linktr.ee/caesariusonline
--------
#lebanesecivilwar #lebanon #lebanoncrisis
Timestamps:
0:00 Intro
0:30 Lebanese History
2:16 A country in crisis
3:02 2. Collective Intention - What do they want?
5:23 Lead up to the Civil War
7:25 First phase, 1975–77
9:03 Syrian Intervention
10:13 Second phase, 1977–82
12:33 Third phase, 1982–84
16:38 Fourth phase 1984–90
17:51 Conflict of Interest
18:07 Aftermath
19:32 Outro
published: 16 Jan 2023
Lebanon Civil War 1976 | The Agony of Lebanon | This Week | 1976
'This Week' travels to The Lebanon to witness first-hand the destruction and chaos the civil war has caused to the country. And the wide spread destruction caused to the city that was once called the Monte Carlo of the East -- Beirut.
Transmitted in 22/04/1976
If you would like to license a clip from this production please e mail
[email protected]
Quote: VT13617
Follow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/FMarchives
published: 31 Jul 2013
The Lebanese Civil War, Explained | History Documentary
Support this channel on Patreon
https://www.patreon.com/CasualHistorian
Give a one time contribution on PayPal
https://www.paypal.me/GrantHurst
Buy me a book from my Amazon Wish List
https://www.amazon.com/hz/wishlist/ls/7MKSHMHG14U5?ref_=wl_share
Try a free month of Skillshare to learn new skills!
https://skl.sh/MKR302
Try out Workona for your research projects!
https://workona.com/signup/?ap=2f88846f-b93d-4da1-8923-8b70e7f229f4&utm_campaign=wkna-affiliate
Try out Dodoist Pro!
https://doist.grsm.io/pgergc8e9qsd
Check The Casual Historian Merch Stores
RedBubble: https://www.redbubble.com/people/granthurst/shop
TeeSpring: https://casual-historian.creator-spring.com/
Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/casualhistorian
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/casualhistorian
Personal Twitt...
published: 22 Jan 2023
Lebanese civil war | middle east | Child Soldiers |Lebanon - The last battle | This Week | 1976
When will the civil war in the Lebanon end? 56 Cease – fires have all been broken.
With 40 thousand dead, the Syrian army is staving off the threat of partition, but at what cost?
Thousands are homeless and fighting for survival in refugee camps. Factions have become so desperate that children are expected to join in the fight.
Jonathan Dimblebly and the ‘This Week’ Team are in the Lebanon to see first – hand and speak to those who are fighting their survival. Including prominent Christian and PLO leaders.
First shown: 14/10/1976
If you would like to license a clip from this video please e mail:
[email protected]
Quote: VT15254
published: 23 Jan 2021
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War : Full documentary
documentary: Lest we forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
Part 1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TXQ8IhU4nZQ
Part 2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L8sTOIXb0EI
Part 3
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tBMHOYOCVoQ
----------------------------
Arabic version: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GUIYfMSwcZw
----------------------------
Playlist: #Lest_we_forget
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLy-6sdDpp-muDpUCDrQSw4IaQCsljVxmx
----------------------------
subscribe
https://www.youtube.com/@Lotusfreepub.e?sub_confirmation=1
--------------------------
English subtitled
Voice Over:
clipchamp
----------------------------
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:45 The Roots - Birth of Lebanon
00:02:55 The National Pact
00:06:12 Crisis of 1958
00:08:19 The Shihab Covenant
00:10:35 Birth of the Pales...
published: 22 Oct 2023
Lebanon War 1975 - 1990 (Beirut & Suburbs)
Slide show of pictures in mostly in color taken back in the beginning of the war (1975- 1977) including picture for era of 1977 to 1990. Most photos are High Def. Portraying all party's fighters. Do we need to return back to this? watch and judge yourself.
published: 15 Jul 2007
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War 01
documentary: #Lest_we_forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
Part 1
----------------------------
Arabic version: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y5MytvBTdtg
----------------------------
Playlist: Lest we forget
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLy-6sdDpp-muDpUCDrQSw4IaQCsljVxmx
----------------------------
subscribe
https://www.youtube.com/@Lotusfreepub.e?sub_confirmation=1
--------------------------
English subtitled
Voice Over:
clipchamp
----------------------------
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:45 The Roots - Birth of Lebanon
00:02:55 The National Pact
00:06:12 Crisis of 1958
00:08:19 The Shihab Covenant
00:10:35 Birth of the Palestinian Liberation Organization - PLO
00:13:10 Sibling Rivalry
00:16:16 The Black September
00:19:07 Operation Fardan
00:23:06 On the Brink of Abys...
published: 14 Sep 2023
(Inaccurate) The Lebanese Civil War: Every Day
Music and Sources are in the credits at 7:35
published: 31 Aug 2019
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War 03
documentary: Lest we forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
Part 3
----------------------------
Arabic version: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CDqOz_vSCmc
----------------------------
Playlist: #Lest_we_forget
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLy-6sdDpp-muDpUCDrQSw4IaQCsljVxmx
----------------------------
subscribe
https://www.youtube.com/@Lotusfreepub.e?sub_confirmation=1
--------------------------
English subtitled
Voice Over:
clipchamp
----------------------------
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:50 Sabra and Shatila
00:02:56 The Seventeenth of May Agreement
00:05:08 The Mountain War
00:07:11 The Sixth of February Uprising
00:10:07 The Camps War
00:13:07 The Tripartite Accord
00:14:51 The War of Brothers
00:17:37 The Perilous Curve
00:20:25 The Taif Agreement
00:22:06 The Cance...
published: 03 Oct 2023
A Brief Visual History of the Lebanese Civil War
A brief visual history of the the Lebanese Civil War
Content and Narration by Malek Abi Nader
Editing by Mark Saroufim
https://linktr.ee/caesariusonline
--------
#lebanesecivilwar #lebanon #lebanoncrisis
Timestamps:
0:00 Intro
0:30 Lebanese History
2:16 A country in crisis
3:0...
https://linktr.ee/caesariusonline
--------
#lebanesecivilwar #lebanon #lebanoncrisis
Timestamps:
0:00 Intro
0:30 Lebanese History
2:16 A country in crisis
3:02 2. Collective Intention - What do they want?
5:23 Lead up to the Civil War
7:25 First phase, 1975–77
9:03 Syrian Intervention
10:13 Second phase, 1977–82
12:33 Third phase, 1982–84
16:38 Fourth phase 1984–90
17:51 Conflict of Interest
18:07 Aftermath
19:32 Outro
https://linktr.ee/caesariusonline
--------
#lebanesecivilwar #lebanon #lebanoncrisis
Timestamps:
0:00 Intro
0:30 Lebanese History
2:16 A country in crisis
3:02 2. Collective Intention - What do they want?
5:23 Lead up to the Civil War
7:25 First phase, 1975–77
9:03 Syrian Intervention
10:13 Second phase, 1977–82
12:33 Third phase, 1982–84
16:38 Fourth phase 1984–90
17:51 Conflict of Interest
18:07 Aftermath
19:32 Outro
'This Week' travels to The Lebanon to witness first-hand the destruction and chaos the civil war has caused to the country. And the wide spread destruction caus...
'This Week' travels to The Lebanon to witness first-hand the destruction and chaos the civil war has caused to the country. And the wide spread destruction caused to the city that was once called the Monte Carlo of the East -- Beirut.
Transmitted in 22/04/1976
If you would like to license a clip from this production please e mail
[email protected]
Quote: VT13617
Follow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/FMarchives
'This Week' travels to The Lebanon to witness first-hand the destruction and chaos the civil war has caused to the country. And the wide spread destruction caused to the city that was once called the Monte Carlo of the East -- Beirut.
Transmitted in 22/04/1976
If you would like to license a clip from this production please e mail
[email protected]
Quote: VT13617
Follow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/FMarchives
Support this channel on Patreon
https://www.patreon.com/CasualHistorian
Give a one time contribution on PayPal
https://www.paypal.me/GrantHurst
Buy me a book ...
Support this channel on Patreon
https://www.patreon.com/CasualHistorian
Give a one time contribution on PayPal
https://www.paypal.me/GrantHurst
Buy me a book from my Amazon Wish List
https://www.amazon.com/hz/wishlist/ls/7MKSHMHG14U5?ref_=wl_share
Try a free month of Skillshare to learn new skills!
https://skl.sh/MKR302
Try out Workona for your research projects!
https://workona.com/signup/?ap=2f88846f-b93d-4da1-8923-8b70e7f229f4&utm_campaign=wkna-affiliate
Try out Dodoist Pro!
https://doist.grsm.io/pgergc8e9qsd
Check The Casual Historian Merch Stores
RedBubble: https://www.redbubble.com/people/granthurst/shop
TeeSpring: https://casual-historian.creator-spring.com/
Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/casualhistorian
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/casualhistorian
Personal Twitter: https://twitter.com/GrantGHurst
Branded Twitter: https://twitter.com/CasualHistorian
Check Out the Blog
http://casualhistorian.com/
Check Out My History of the Modern Middle East Podcast
https://www.historyofthemodernmiddleeast.com/
Background Music: Background Music: https://www.epidemicsound.com/referral/3bfpu1/
This page contains affiliate links. If you choose to purchase after clicking a link, I may receive a commission at no extra cost to you.
Chapters
0:00 Support the Channel
4:07 Introduction
6:27 Pre-Colonial Lebanon
9:03 Colonial Lebanon
14:01 Independent Lebanon
32:43, 1975
45:01, 1976
54:57, 1977
59:10, 1978
1:08:48, 1979
1:12:56, 1980
1:15:39, 1981
1:21:48, 1982
1:41:35, Sabra & Shatila
1:53:49, 1982 Continued
2:02:55, 1983
2:15:22, 1984
2:27:58, 1985
2:42:50, 1986
2:44:32, 1987
2:47:48, 1988
2:53:18, 1989
3:11:54, 1990 and Beyond
Support this channel on Patreon
https://www.patreon.com/CasualHistorian
Give a one time contribution on PayPal
https://www.paypal.me/GrantHurst
Buy me a book from my Amazon Wish List
https://www.amazon.com/hz/wishlist/ls/7MKSHMHG14U5?ref_=wl_share
Try a free month of Skillshare to learn new skills!
https://skl.sh/MKR302
Try out Workona for your research projects!
https://workona.com/signup/?ap=2f88846f-b93d-4da1-8923-8b70e7f229f4&utm_campaign=wkna-affiliate
Try out Dodoist Pro!
https://doist.grsm.io/pgergc8e9qsd
Check The Casual Historian Merch Stores
RedBubble: https://www.redbubble.com/people/granthurst/shop
TeeSpring: https://casual-historian.creator-spring.com/
Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/casualhistorian
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/casualhistorian
Personal Twitter: https://twitter.com/GrantGHurst
Branded Twitter: https://twitter.com/CasualHistorian
Check Out the Blog
http://casualhistorian.com/
Check Out My History of the Modern Middle East Podcast
https://www.historyofthemodernmiddleeast.com/
Background Music: Background Music: https://www.epidemicsound.com/referral/3bfpu1/
This page contains affiliate links. If you choose to purchase after clicking a link, I may receive a commission at no extra cost to you.
Chapters
0:00 Support the Channel
4:07 Introduction
6:27 Pre-Colonial Lebanon
9:03 Colonial Lebanon
14:01 Independent Lebanon
32:43, 1975
45:01, 1976
54:57, 1977
59:10, 1978
1:08:48, 1979
1:12:56, 1980
1:15:39, 1981
1:21:48, 1982
1:41:35, Sabra & Shatila
1:53:49, 1982 Continued
2:02:55, 1983
2:15:22, 1984
2:27:58, 1985
2:42:50, 1986
2:44:32, 1987
2:47:48, 1988
2:53:18, 1989
3:11:54, 1990 and Beyond
When will the civil war in the Lebanon end? 56 Cease – fires have all been broken.
With 40 thousand dead, the Syrian army is staving off the threat of partition...
When will the civil war in the Lebanon end? 56 Cease – fires have all been broken.
With 40 thousand dead, the Syrian army is staving off the threat of partition, but at what cost?
Thousands are homeless and fighting for survival in refugee camps. Factions have become so desperate that children are expected to join in the fight.
Jonathan Dimblebly and the ‘This Week’ Team are in the Lebanon to see first – hand and speak to those who are fighting their survival. Including prominent Christian and PLO leaders.
First shown: 14/10/1976
If you would like to license a clip from this video please e mail:
[email protected]
Quote: VT15254
When will the civil war in the Lebanon end? 56 Cease – fires have all been broken.
With 40 thousand dead, the Syrian army is staving off the threat of partition, but at what cost?
Thousands are homeless and fighting for survival in refugee camps. Factions have become so desperate that children are expected to join in the fight.
Jonathan Dimblebly and the ‘This Week’ Team are in the Lebanon to see first – hand and speak to those who are fighting their survival. Including prominent Christian and PLO leaders.
First shown: 14/10/1976
If you would like to license a clip from this video please e mail:
[email protected]
Quote: VT15254
documentary: Lest we forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
Part 1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TXQ8IhU4nZQ
Part 2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L8s...
documentary: Lest we forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
Part 1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TXQ8IhU4nZQ
Part 2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L8sTOIXb0EI
Part 3
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tBMHOYOCVoQ
----------------------------
Arabic version: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GUIYfMSwcZw
----------------------------
Playlist: #Lest_we_forget
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLy-6sdDpp-muDpUCDrQSw4IaQCsljVxmx
----------------------------
subscribe
https://www.youtube.com/@Lotusfreepub.e?sub_confirmation=1
--------------------------
English subtitled
Voice Over:
clipchamp
----------------------------
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:45 The Roots - Birth of Lebanon
00:02:55 The National Pact
00:06:12 Crisis of 1958
00:08:19 The Shihab Covenant
00:10:35 Birth of the Palestinian Liberation Organization - PLO
00:13:10 Sibling Rivalry
00:16:16 The Black September
00:19:07 Operation Fardan
00:23:06 On the Brink of Abyss
00:26:06 Part 2
00:26:59 The Calm Before the Storm
00:28:30 Black Saturday
00:31:17 The Great Catastrophe - Splitting of the Lebanese Army
00:32:05 The Constitutional Document
00:34:26 The Syrian Transformation
00:38:20 The Symbol's Assassination - The Assassination of Kamal Jumblatt
00:39:27 The Christian Right's Schism
00:41:25 Operation Litani
00:42:58 The Battle of Zahle
00:44:43 Invasion of Lebanon
00:48:35 Beirut Becomes Leningrad
00:50:50 The President's Assassination - The Assassination of Bashir Gemayel
00:54:09 Part 3
00:54:54 Sabra and Shatila
00:57:02 The Seventeenth of May Agreement
00:59:17 The Mountain War
01:01:14 The Sixth of February Uprising
01:04:11 The Camps War
01:07:10 The Tripartite Accord
01:08:55 The War of Brothers
01:11:43 The Perilous Curve
01:14:28 The Taif Agreement
01:16:09 The Cancellation War
01:17:54 Conclusion
--------------------------
Some sources for further exploration:
Book: "Encyclopedia of the Lebanese War" - Masoud Al Khawand
Book: "Secrets of the Lebanese War" - Alan Minyarg
Book: "The Lebanese War: From National Schism to Regional Conflict" - Samir Qaseer
Book: "Woes of a Nation; Middle East Conflicts and the Lebanese War" - Robert Visk
Book: "Lebanon's War: Pictorial Documentation of Events" - Leila Aitani
Book: "Governance in Lebanon: Lebanon's History from Mandate to the Civil War 1920-1976" - Dr. Hamdi Al-Taheri
Book: "Lebanese Civil Wars on the Map of Global Domination" - Dr. Fahd Hajazi
Book: "Notebooks of the Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990)" - Dalal Al-Bazri
Book: "Crime and No Punishment; The Lebanese Civil War and the Restoration of the Sectarian System" - Jamal Wakim
Book: "Iraq and the Lebanese Civil War 1975-1976" - Azaddin Al-Qoutali
Book: "The Lebanese Civil War and the Role of Neighbor States (Syria, Israel)" - Fawziya Tarshi
Book: "The Civil War in Lebanon 1975-1982" - Nazim Khalil Hasan
Book: "Crossroads to the Civil War: Lebanon 1958-1976" - Kamal Sallibi
Book: "Conflict Features; Political Posters in the Lebanese Civil War" - Zeina Mu'asiri
Book: "The Lebanese War: Causes and Consequences" - Adnan Fehes
Book: "Causes and Secrets of the Lebanese War 1975-1976" - Nisar Ghalmiya
-------------------------------------------
Video excerpts from Al Jazeera documentary: The Lebanese Civil War
--------------------------
Contact #Lotus_Free_Publishing
Website
http://www.lotusforpub.com
Facebook Pagehttp:
//www.facebook.com/lotusforpub
WhatsApphttps:
//api.whatsapp.com/send?phone=0201091985809
Telephone
+2 01091985809
+2 0237390893
---------------------------
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War : Full documentary
documentary: Lest we forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
documentary: Lest we forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
Part 1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TXQ8IhU4nZQ
Part 2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L8sTOIXb0EI
Part 3
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tBMHOYOCVoQ
----------------------------
Arabic version: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GUIYfMSwcZw
----------------------------
Playlist: #Lest_we_forget
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLy-6sdDpp-muDpUCDrQSw4IaQCsljVxmx
----------------------------
subscribe
https://www.youtube.com/@Lotusfreepub.e?sub_confirmation=1
--------------------------
English subtitled
Voice Over:
clipchamp
----------------------------
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:45 The Roots - Birth of Lebanon
00:02:55 The National Pact
00:06:12 Crisis of 1958
00:08:19 The Shihab Covenant
00:10:35 Birth of the Palestinian Liberation Organization - PLO
00:13:10 Sibling Rivalry
00:16:16 The Black September
00:19:07 Operation Fardan
00:23:06 On the Brink of Abyss
00:26:06 Part 2
00:26:59 The Calm Before the Storm
00:28:30 Black Saturday
00:31:17 The Great Catastrophe - Splitting of the Lebanese Army
00:32:05 The Constitutional Document
00:34:26 The Syrian Transformation
00:38:20 The Symbol's Assassination - The Assassination of Kamal Jumblatt
00:39:27 The Christian Right's Schism
00:41:25 Operation Litani
00:42:58 The Battle of Zahle
00:44:43 Invasion of Lebanon
00:48:35 Beirut Becomes Leningrad
00:50:50 The President's Assassination - The Assassination of Bashir Gemayel
00:54:09 Part 3
00:54:54 Sabra and Shatila
00:57:02 The Seventeenth of May Agreement
00:59:17 The Mountain War
01:01:14 The Sixth of February Uprising
01:04:11 The Camps War
01:07:10 The Tripartite Accord
01:08:55 The War of Brothers
01:11:43 The Perilous Curve
01:14:28 The Taif Agreement
01:16:09 The Cancellation War
01:17:54 Conclusion
--------------------------
Some sources for further exploration:
Book: "Encyclopedia of the Lebanese War" - Masoud Al Khawand
Book: "Secrets of the Lebanese War" - Alan Minyarg
Book: "The Lebanese War: From National Schism to Regional Conflict" - Samir Qaseer
Book: "Woes of a Nation; Middle East Conflicts and the Lebanese War" - Robert Visk
Book: "Lebanon's War: Pictorial Documentation of Events" - Leila Aitani
Book: "Governance in Lebanon: Lebanon's History from Mandate to the Civil War 1920-1976" - Dr. Hamdi Al-Taheri
Book: "Lebanese Civil Wars on the Map of Global Domination" - Dr. Fahd Hajazi
Book: "Notebooks of the Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990)" - Dalal Al-Bazri
Book: "Crime and No Punishment; The Lebanese Civil War and the Restoration of the Sectarian System" - Jamal Wakim
Book: "Iraq and the Lebanese Civil War 1975-1976" - Azaddin Al-Qoutali
Book: "The Lebanese Civil War and the Role of Neighbor States (Syria, Israel)" - Fawziya Tarshi
Book: "The Civil War in Lebanon 1975-1982" - Nazim Khalil Hasan
Book: "Crossroads to the Civil War: Lebanon 1958-1976" - Kamal Sallibi
Book: "Conflict Features; Political Posters in the Lebanese Civil War" - Zeina Mu'asiri
Book: "The Lebanese War: Causes and Consequences" - Adnan Fehes
Book: "Causes and Secrets of the Lebanese War 1975-1976" - Nisar Ghalmiya
-------------------------------------------
Video excerpts from Al Jazeera documentary: The Lebanese Civil War
--------------------------
Contact #Lotus_Free_Publishing
Website
http://www.lotusforpub.com
Facebook Pagehttp:
//www.facebook.com/lotusforpub
WhatsApphttps:
//api.whatsapp.com/send?phone=0201091985809
Telephone
+2 01091985809
+2 0237390893
---------------------------
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War : Full documentary
documentary: Lest we forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
Slide show of pictures in mostly in color taken back in the beginning of the war (1975- 1977) including picture for era of 1977 to 1990. Most photos are High De...
Slide show of pictures in mostly in color taken back in the beginning of the war (1975- 1977) including picture for era of 1977 to 1990. Most photos are High Def. Portraying all party's fighters. Do we need to return back to this? watch and judge yourself.
Slide show of pictures in mostly in color taken back in the beginning of the war (1975- 1977) including picture for era of 1977 to 1990. Most photos are High Def. Portraying all party's fighters. Do we need to return back to this? watch and judge yourself.
documentary: #Lest_we_forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
Part 1
----------------------------
Arabic version: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y5MytvBT...
documentary: #Lest_we_forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
Part 1
----------------------------
Arabic version: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y5MytvBTdtg
----------------------------
Playlist: Lest we forget
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLy-6sdDpp-muDpUCDrQSw4IaQCsljVxmx
----------------------------
subscribe
https://www.youtube.com/@Lotusfreepub.e?sub_confirmation=1
--------------------------
English subtitled
Voice Over:
clipchamp
----------------------------
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:45 The Roots - Birth of Lebanon
00:02:55 The National Pact
00:06:12 Crisis of 1958
00:08:19 The Shihab Covenant
00:10:35 Birth of the Palestinian Liberation Organization - PLO
00:13:10 Sibling Rivalry
00:16:16 The Black September
00:19:07 Operation Fardan
00:23:06 On the Brink of Abyss
--------------------------
Some sources for further exploration:
- Book: Encyclopedia of the Lebanese Civil War - Masoud Al Khawand
- Book: Lebanon's War: From National Discord to Regional Conflict - Samir Kassir
- Book: Sorrows of a Nation: Middle East Conflicts and the Lebanese War - Robert Fisk
- Book: Lebanon's War: Pictorial Documentation of Events - Leila Aitani
- Book: Governance in Lebanon: A History of Lebanon from Mandate to Civil War 1920-1976 - Dr. Hamdi Al Taheri
- Book: The Lebanese Civil Wars on the Map of Global Dominance - Dr. Fahd Hajazi
- Book: Diaries of the Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990) - Dalal Al Bzry
- Book: Crime without Punishment: The Lebanese Civil War and the Reconstruction of the Sectarian System - Jamal Wakeem
- Book: Iraq and the Lebanese Civil War 1975-1976 – Azaddin Al Qawatali
- Book: The Lebanese Civil War and the Role of Neighboring Countries (Syria, Israel) - Fawzia Tarshi
- Book: The Civil War in Lebanon 1975-1982 - Nazim Khalil Hasan
- Book: Crossroads to Civil War: Lebanon 1958-1976 – Kamal Salibi
- Book: Conflict Facades: Political Posters in the Lebanese Civil War - Zeina Maasri
- Book: The Lebanese War: Causes and Consequences by Adnan Fehesh
- Book: Reasons and Secrets of the Lebanese Civil War 1975-1976 - Nisar Ghalmiya
-------------------------------------------
Video excerpts from Al Jazeera documentary: The Lebanese Civil War
--------------------------
Contact #Lotus_Free_Publishing
Website
http://www.lotusforpub.com
Facebook Pagehttp:
//www.facebook.com/lotusforpub
WhatsApphttps:
//api.whatsapp.com/send?phone=0201091985809
Telephone
+2 01091985809
+2 0237390893
---------------------------
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War 01 | Lest we forget - Documentary
documentary: #Lest_we_forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
Part 1
--------------------------
At the conclusion of the First World War in 1918, the world was poised for significant geopolitical transformations.
One of the most consequential outcomes of this war was the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, the last Islamic caliphate, and its fragmentation into small states, with sovereignty shared among the victorious nations according to the Sykes-Picot Agreement.
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War 01
documentary: #Lest_we_forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
Part 1
----------------------------
Arabic version: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y5MytvBTdtg
----------------------------
Playlist: Lest we forget
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLy-6sdDpp-muDpUCDrQSw4IaQCsljVxmx
----------------------------
subscribe
https://www.youtube.com/@Lotusfreepub.e?sub_confirmation=1
--------------------------
English subtitled
Voice Over:
clipchamp
----------------------------
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:45 The Roots - Birth of Lebanon
00:02:55 The National Pact
00:06:12 Crisis of 1958
00:08:19 The Shihab Covenant
00:10:35 Birth of the Palestinian Liberation Organization - PLO
00:13:10 Sibling Rivalry
00:16:16 The Black September
00:19:07 Operation Fardan
00:23:06 On the Brink of Abyss
--------------------------
Some sources for further exploration:
- Book: Encyclopedia of the Lebanese Civil War - Masoud Al Khawand
- Book: Lebanon's War: From National Discord to Regional Conflict - Samir Kassir
- Book: Sorrows of a Nation: Middle East Conflicts and the Lebanese War - Robert Fisk
- Book: Lebanon's War: Pictorial Documentation of Events - Leila Aitani
- Book: Governance in Lebanon: A History of Lebanon from Mandate to Civil War 1920-1976 - Dr. Hamdi Al Taheri
- Book: The Lebanese Civil Wars on the Map of Global Dominance - Dr. Fahd Hajazi
- Book: Diaries of the Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990) - Dalal Al Bzry
- Book: Crime without Punishment: The Lebanese Civil War and the Reconstruction of the Sectarian System - Jamal Wakeem
- Book: Iraq and the Lebanese Civil War 1975-1976 – Azaddin Al Qawatali
- Book: The Lebanese Civil War and the Role of Neighboring Countries (Syria, Israel) - Fawzia Tarshi
- Book: The Civil War in Lebanon 1975-1982 - Nazim Khalil Hasan
- Book: Crossroads to Civil War: Lebanon 1958-1976 – Kamal Salibi
- Book: Conflict Facades: Political Posters in the Lebanese Civil War - Zeina Maasri
- Book: The Lebanese War: Causes and Consequences by Adnan Fehesh
- Book: Reasons and Secrets of the Lebanese Civil War 1975-1976 - Nisar Ghalmiya
-------------------------------------------
Video excerpts from Al Jazeera documentary: The Lebanese Civil War
--------------------------
Contact #Lotus_Free_Publishing
Website
http://www.lotusforpub.com
Facebook Pagehttp:
//www.facebook.com/lotusforpub
WhatsApphttps:
//api.whatsapp.com/send?phone=0201091985809
Telephone
+2 01091985809
+2 0237390893
---------------------------
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War 01 | Lest we forget - Documentary
documentary: #Lest_we_forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
Part 1
--------------------------
At the conclusion of the First World War in 1918, the world was poised for significant geopolitical transformations.
One of the most consequential outcomes of this war was the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, the last Islamic caliphate, and its fragmentation into small states, with sovereignty shared among the victorious nations according to the Sykes-Picot Agreement.
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War 01
documentary: Lest we forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
Part 3
----------------------------
Arabic version: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CDqOz_vSC...
documentary: Lest we forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
Part 3
----------------------------
Arabic version: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CDqOz_vSCmc
----------------------------
Playlist: #Lest_we_forget
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLy-6sdDpp-muDpUCDrQSw4IaQCsljVxmx
----------------------------
subscribe
https://www.youtube.com/@Lotusfreepub.e?sub_confirmation=1
--------------------------
English subtitled
Voice Over:
clipchamp
----------------------------
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:50 Sabra and Shatila
00:02:56 The Seventeenth of May Agreement
00:05:08 The Mountain War
00:07:11 The Sixth of February Uprising
00:10:07 The Camps War
00:13:07 The Tripartite Accord
00:14:51 The War of Brothers
00:17:37 The Perilous Curve
00:20:25 The Taif Agreement
00:22:06 The Cancellation War
00:24:22 Conclusion
--------------------------
Some sources for further exploration:
Book: "Encyclopedia of the Lebanese War" - Masoud Al Khawand
Book: "Secrets of the Lebanese War" - Alan Minyarg
Book: "The Lebanese War: From National Schism to Regional Conflict" - Samir Qaseer
Book: "Woes of a Nation; Middle East Conflicts and the Lebanese War" - Robert Visk
Book: "Lebanon's War: Pictorial Documentation of Events" - Leila Aitani
Book: "Governance in Lebanon: Lebanon's History from Mandate to the Civil War 1920-1976" - Dr. Hamdi Al-Taheri
Book: "Lebanese Civil Wars on the Map of Global Domination" - Dr. Fahd Hajazi
Book: "Notebooks of the Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990)" - Dalal Al-Bazri
Book: "Crime and No Punishment; The Lebanese Civil War and the Restoration of the Sectarian System" - Jamal Wakim
Book: "Iraq and the Lebanese Civil War 1975-1976" - Azaddin Al-Qoutali
Book: "The Lebanese Civil War and the Role of Neighbor States (Syria, Israel)" - Fawziya Tarshi
Book: "The Civil War in Lebanon 1975-1982" - Nazim Khalil Hasan
Book: "Crossroads to the Civil War: Lebanon 1958-1976" - Kamal Sallibi
Book: "Conflict Features; Political Posters in the Lebanese Civil War" - Zeina Mu'asiri
Book: "The Lebanese War: Causes and Consequences" - Adnan Fehes
Book: "Causes and Secrets of the Lebanese War 1975-1976" - Nisar Ghalmiya
-------------------------------------------
Video excerpts from Al Jazeera documentary: The Lebanese Civil War
--------------------------
Contact #Lotus_Free_Publishing
Website
http://www.lotusforpub.com
Facebook Pagehttp:
//www.facebook.com/lotusforpub
WhatsApphttps:
//api.whatsapp.com/send?phone=0201091985809
Telephone
+2 01091985809
+2 0237390893
---------------------------
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War 03 | Lest we forget - Documentary
documentary: Lest we forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
Part 3
documentary: Lest we forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
Part 3
----------------------------
Arabic version: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CDqOz_vSCmc
----------------------------
Playlist: #Lest_we_forget
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLy-6sdDpp-muDpUCDrQSw4IaQCsljVxmx
----------------------------
subscribe
https://www.youtube.com/@Lotusfreepub.e?sub_confirmation=1
--------------------------
English subtitled
Voice Over:
clipchamp
----------------------------
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:50 Sabra and Shatila
00:02:56 The Seventeenth of May Agreement
00:05:08 The Mountain War
00:07:11 The Sixth of February Uprising
00:10:07 The Camps War
00:13:07 The Tripartite Accord
00:14:51 The War of Brothers
00:17:37 The Perilous Curve
00:20:25 The Taif Agreement
00:22:06 The Cancellation War
00:24:22 Conclusion
--------------------------
Some sources for further exploration:
Book: "Encyclopedia of the Lebanese War" - Masoud Al Khawand
Book: "Secrets of the Lebanese War" - Alan Minyarg
Book: "The Lebanese War: From National Schism to Regional Conflict" - Samir Qaseer
Book: "Woes of a Nation; Middle East Conflicts and the Lebanese War" - Robert Visk
Book: "Lebanon's War: Pictorial Documentation of Events" - Leila Aitani
Book: "Governance in Lebanon: Lebanon's History from Mandate to the Civil War 1920-1976" - Dr. Hamdi Al-Taheri
Book: "Lebanese Civil Wars on the Map of Global Domination" - Dr. Fahd Hajazi
Book: "Notebooks of the Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990)" - Dalal Al-Bazri
Book: "Crime and No Punishment; The Lebanese Civil War and the Restoration of the Sectarian System" - Jamal Wakim
Book: "Iraq and the Lebanese Civil War 1975-1976" - Azaddin Al-Qoutali
Book: "The Lebanese Civil War and the Role of Neighbor States (Syria, Israel)" - Fawziya Tarshi
Book: "The Civil War in Lebanon 1975-1982" - Nazim Khalil Hasan
Book: "Crossroads to the Civil War: Lebanon 1958-1976" - Kamal Sallibi
Book: "Conflict Features; Political Posters in the Lebanese Civil War" - Zeina Mu'asiri
Book: "The Lebanese War: Causes and Consequences" - Adnan Fehes
Book: "Causes and Secrets of the Lebanese War 1975-1976" - Nisar Ghalmiya
-------------------------------------------
Video excerpts from Al Jazeera documentary: The Lebanese Civil War
--------------------------
Contact #Lotus_Free_Publishing
Website
http://www.lotusforpub.com
Facebook Pagehttp:
//www.facebook.com/lotusforpub
WhatsApphttps:
//api.whatsapp.com/send?phone=0201091985809
Telephone
+2 01091985809
+2 0237390893
---------------------------
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War 03 | Lest we forget - Documentary
documentary: Lest we forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
Part 3
https://linktr.ee/caesariusonline
--------
#lebanesecivilwar #lebanon #lebanoncrisis
Timestamps:
0:00 Intro
0:30 Lebanese History
2:16 A country in crisis
3:02 2. Collective Intention - What do they want?
5:23 Lead up to the Civil War
7:25 First phase, 1975–77
9:03 Syrian Intervention
10:13 Second phase, 1977–82
12:33 Third phase, 1982–84
16:38 Fourth phase 1984–90
17:51 Conflict of Interest
18:07 Aftermath
19:32 Outro
'This Week' travels to The Lebanon to witness first-hand the destruction and chaos the civil war has caused to the country. And the wide spread destruction caused to the city that was once called the Monte Carlo of the East -- Beirut.
Transmitted in 22/04/1976
If you would like to license a clip from this production please e mail
[email protected]
Quote: VT13617
Follow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/FMarchives
Support this channel on Patreon
https://www.patreon.com/CasualHistorian
Give a one time contribution on PayPal
https://www.paypal.me/GrantHurst
Buy me a book from my Amazon Wish List
https://www.amazon.com/hz/wishlist/ls/7MKSHMHG14U5?ref_=wl_share
Try a free month of Skillshare to learn new skills!
https://skl.sh/MKR302
Try out Workona for your research projects!
https://workona.com/signup/?ap=2f88846f-b93d-4da1-8923-8b70e7f229f4&utm_campaign=wkna-affiliate
Try out Dodoist Pro!
https://doist.grsm.io/pgergc8e9qsd
Check The Casual Historian Merch Stores
RedBubble: https://www.redbubble.com/people/granthurst/shop
TeeSpring: https://casual-historian.creator-spring.com/
Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/casualhistorian
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/casualhistorian
Personal Twitter: https://twitter.com/GrantGHurst
Branded Twitter: https://twitter.com/CasualHistorian
Check Out the Blog
http://casualhistorian.com/
Check Out My History of the Modern Middle East Podcast
https://www.historyofthemodernmiddleeast.com/
Background Music: Background Music: https://www.epidemicsound.com/referral/3bfpu1/
This page contains affiliate links. If you choose to purchase after clicking a link, I may receive a commission at no extra cost to you.
Chapters
0:00 Support the Channel
4:07 Introduction
6:27 Pre-Colonial Lebanon
9:03 Colonial Lebanon
14:01 Independent Lebanon
32:43, 1975
45:01, 1976
54:57, 1977
59:10, 1978
1:08:48, 1979
1:12:56, 1980
1:15:39, 1981
1:21:48, 1982
1:41:35, Sabra & Shatila
1:53:49, 1982 Continued
2:02:55, 1983
2:15:22, 1984
2:27:58, 1985
2:42:50, 1986
2:44:32, 1987
2:47:48, 1988
2:53:18, 1989
3:11:54, 1990 and Beyond
When will the civil war in the Lebanon end? 56 Cease – fires have all been broken.
With 40 thousand dead, the Syrian army is staving off the threat of partition, but at what cost?
Thousands are homeless and fighting for survival in refugee camps. Factions have become so desperate that children are expected to join in the fight.
Jonathan Dimblebly and the ‘This Week’ Team are in the Lebanon to see first – hand and speak to those who are fighting their survival. Including prominent Christian and PLO leaders.
First shown: 14/10/1976
If you would like to license a clip from this video please e mail:
[email protected]
Quote: VT15254
documentary: Lest we forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
Part 1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TXQ8IhU4nZQ
Part 2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L8sTOIXb0EI
Part 3
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tBMHOYOCVoQ
----------------------------
Arabic version: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GUIYfMSwcZw
----------------------------
Playlist: #Lest_we_forget
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLy-6sdDpp-muDpUCDrQSw4IaQCsljVxmx
----------------------------
subscribe
https://www.youtube.com/@Lotusfreepub.e?sub_confirmation=1
--------------------------
English subtitled
Voice Over:
clipchamp
----------------------------
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:45 The Roots - Birth of Lebanon
00:02:55 The National Pact
00:06:12 Crisis of 1958
00:08:19 The Shihab Covenant
00:10:35 Birth of the Palestinian Liberation Organization - PLO
00:13:10 Sibling Rivalry
00:16:16 The Black September
00:19:07 Operation Fardan
00:23:06 On the Brink of Abyss
00:26:06 Part 2
00:26:59 The Calm Before the Storm
00:28:30 Black Saturday
00:31:17 The Great Catastrophe - Splitting of the Lebanese Army
00:32:05 The Constitutional Document
00:34:26 The Syrian Transformation
00:38:20 The Symbol's Assassination - The Assassination of Kamal Jumblatt
00:39:27 The Christian Right's Schism
00:41:25 Operation Litani
00:42:58 The Battle of Zahle
00:44:43 Invasion of Lebanon
00:48:35 Beirut Becomes Leningrad
00:50:50 The President's Assassination - The Assassination of Bashir Gemayel
00:54:09 Part 3
00:54:54 Sabra and Shatila
00:57:02 The Seventeenth of May Agreement
00:59:17 The Mountain War
01:01:14 The Sixth of February Uprising
01:04:11 The Camps War
01:07:10 The Tripartite Accord
01:08:55 The War of Brothers
01:11:43 The Perilous Curve
01:14:28 The Taif Agreement
01:16:09 The Cancellation War
01:17:54 Conclusion
--------------------------
Some sources for further exploration:
Book: "Encyclopedia of the Lebanese War" - Masoud Al Khawand
Book: "Secrets of the Lebanese War" - Alan Minyarg
Book: "The Lebanese War: From National Schism to Regional Conflict" - Samir Qaseer
Book: "Woes of a Nation; Middle East Conflicts and the Lebanese War" - Robert Visk
Book: "Lebanon's War: Pictorial Documentation of Events" - Leila Aitani
Book: "Governance in Lebanon: Lebanon's History from Mandate to the Civil War 1920-1976" - Dr. Hamdi Al-Taheri
Book: "Lebanese Civil Wars on the Map of Global Domination" - Dr. Fahd Hajazi
Book: "Notebooks of the Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990)" - Dalal Al-Bazri
Book: "Crime and No Punishment; The Lebanese Civil War and the Restoration of the Sectarian System" - Jamal Wakim
Book: "Iraq and the Lebanese Civil War 1975-1976" - Azaddin Al-Qoutali
Book: "The Lebanese Civil War and the Role of Neighbor States (Syria, Israel)" - Fawziya Tarshi
Book: "The Civil War in Lebanon 1975-1982" - Nazim Khalil Hasan
Book: "Crossroads to the Civil War: Lebanon 1958-1976" - Kamal Sallibi
Book: "Conflict Features; Political Posters in the Lebanese Civil War" - Zeina Mu'asiri
Book: "The Lebanese War: Causes and Consequences" - Adnan Fehes
Book: "Causes and Secrets of the Lebanese War 1975-1976" - Nisar Ghalmiya
-------------------------------------------
Video excerpts from Al Jazeera documentary: The Lebanese Civil War
--------------------------
Contact #Lotus_Free_Publishing
Website
http://www.lotusforpub.com
Facebook Pagehttp:
//www.facebook.com/lotusforpub
WhatsApphttps:
//api.whatsapp.com/send?phone=0201091985809
Telephone
+2 01091985809
+2 0237390893
---------------------------
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War : Full documentary
documentary: Lest we forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
Slide show of pictures in mostly in color taken back in the beginning of the war (1975- 1977) including picture for era of 1977 to 1990. Most photos are High Def. Portraying all party's fighters. Do we need to return back to this? watch and judge yourself.
documentary: #Lest_we_forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
Part 1
----------------------------
Arabic version: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y5MytvBTdtg
----------------------------
Playlist: Lest we forget
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLy-6sdDpp-muDpUCDrQSw4IaQCsljVxmx
----------------------------
subscribe
https://www.youtube.com/@Lotusfreepub.e?sub_confirmation=1
--------------------------
English subtitled
Voice Over:
clipchamp
----------------------------
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:45 The Roots - Birth of Lebanon
00:02:55 The National Pact
00:06:12 Crisis of 1958
00:08:19 The Shihab Covenant
00:10:35 Birth of the Palestinian Liberation Organization - PLO
00:13:10 Sibling Rivalry
00:16:16 The Black September
00:19:07 Operation Fardan
00:23:06 On the Brink of Abyss
--------------------------
Some sources for further exploration:
- Book: Encyclopedia of the Lebanese Civil War - Masoud Al Khawand
- Book: Lebanon's War: From National Discord to Regional Conflict - Samir Kassir
- Book: Sorrows of a Nation: Middle East Conflicts and the Lebanese War - Robert Fisk
- Book: Lebanon's War: Pictorial Documentation of Events - Leila Aitani
- Book: Governance in Lebanon: A History of Lebanon from Mandate to Civil War 1920-1976 - Dr. Hamdi Al Taheri
- Book: The Lebanese Civil Wars on the Map of Global Dominance - Dr. Fahd Hajazi
- Book: Diaries of the Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990) - Dalal Al Bzry
- Book: Crime without Punishment: The Lebanese Civil War and the Reconstruction of the Sectarian System - Jamal Wakeem
- Book: Iraq and the Lebanese Civil War 1975-1976 – Azaddin Al Qawatali
- Book: The Lebanese Civil War and the Role of Neighboring Countries (Syria, Israel) - Fawzia Tarshi
- Book: The Civil War in Lebanon 1975-1982 - Nazim Khalil Hasan
- Book: Crossroads to Civil War: Lebanon 1958-1976 – Kamal Salibi
- Book: Conflict Facades: Political Posters in the Lebanese Civil War - Zeina Maasri
- Book: The Lebanese War: Causes and Consequences by Adnan Fehesh
- Book: Reasons and Secrets of the Lebanese Civil War 1975-1976 - Nisar Ghalmiya
-------------------------------------------
Video excerpts from Al Jazeera documentary: The Lebanese Civil War
--------------------------
Contact #Lotus_Free_Publishing
Website
http://www.lotusforpub.com
Facebook Pagehttp:
//www.facebook.com/lotusforpub
WhatsApphttps:
//api.whatsapp.com/send?phone=0201091985809
Telephone
+2 01091985809
+2 0237390893
---------------------------
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War 01 | Lest we forget - Documentary
documentary: #Lest_we_forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
Part 1
--------------------------
At the conclusion of the First World War in 1918, the world was poised for significant geopolitical transformations.
One of the most consequential outcomes of this war was the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, the last Islamic caliphate, and its fragmentation into small states, with sovereignty shared among the victorious nations according to the Sykes-Picot Agreement.
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War 01
documentary: Lest we forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
Part 3
----------------------------
Arabic version: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CDqOz_vSCmc
----------------------------
Playlist: #Lest_we_forget
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLy-6sdDpp-muDpUCDrQSw4IaQCsljVxmx
----------------------------
subscribe
https://www.youtube.com/@Lotusfreepub.e?sub_confirmation=1
--------------------------
English subtitled
Voice Over:
clipchamp
----------------------------
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:50 Sabra and Shatila
00:02:56 The Seventeenth of May Agreement
00:05:08 The Mountain War
00:07:11 The Sixth of February Uprising
00:10:07 The Camps War
00:13:07 The Tripartite Accord
00:14:51 The War of Brothers
00:17:37 The Perilous Curve
00:20:25 The Taif Agreement
00:22:06 The Cancellation War
00:24:22 Conclusion
--------------------------
Some sources for further exploration:
Book: "Encyclopedia of the Lebanese War" - Masoud Al Khawand
Book: "Secrets of the Lebanese War" - Alan Minyarg
Book: "The Lebanese War: From National Schism to Regional Conflict" - Samir Qaseer
Book: "Woes of a Nation; Middle East Conflicts and the Lebanese War" - Robert Visk
Book: "Lebanon's War: Pictorial Documentation of Events" - Leila Aitani
Book: "Governance in Lebanon: Lebanon's History from Mandate to the Civil War 1920-1976" - Dr. Hamdi Al-Taheri
Book: "Lebanese Civil Wars on the Map of Global Domination" - Dr. Fahd Hajazi
Book: "Notebooks of the Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990)" - Dalal Al-Bazri
Book: "Crime and No Punishment; The Lebanese Civil War and the Restoration of the Sectarian System" - Jamal Wakim
Book: "Iraq and the Lebanese Civil War 1975-1976" - Azaddin Al-Qoutali
Book: "The Lebanese Civil War and the Role of Neighbor States (Syria, Israel)" - Fawziya Tarshi
Book: "The Civil War in Lebanon 1975-1982" - Nazim Khalil Hasan
Book: "Crossroads to the Civil War: Lebanon 1958-1976" - Kamal Sallibi
Book: "Conflict Features; Political Posters in the Lebanese Civil War" - Zeina Mu'asiri
Book: "The Lebanese War: Causes and Consequences" - Adnan Fehes
Book: "Causes and Secrets of the Lebanese War 1975-1976" - Nisar Ghalmiya
-------------------------------------------
Video excerpts from Al Jazeera documentary: The Lebanese Civil War
--------------------------
Contact #Lotus_Free_Publishing
Website
http://www.lotusforpub.com
Facebook Pagehttp:
//www.facebook.com/lotusforpub
WhatsApphttps:
//api.whatsapp.com/send?phone=0201091985809
Telephone
+2 01091985809
+2 0237390893
---------------------------
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War 03 | Lest we forget - Documentary
documentary: Lest we forget
The Bloody Years - Lebanese Civil War
Part 3
The Lebanese Civil War (Arabic:الحرب الأهلية اللبنانية - Al-Ḥarb al-Ahliyyah al-Libnāniyyah) was a multifaceted civil war in Lebanon, lasting from 1975 to 1990 and resulting in an estimated 120,000 fatalities. As of 2012, approximately 76,000 people remain displaced within Lebanon. There was also an exodus of almost one million people from Lebanon as a result of the war.
Before the war, Lebanon was multisectarian, with [[Sunni Islam|Sunnis Muslims] and Christians being the majorities on the coastal cities, Shia Muslims being mainly based in the south and the Beqaa to the east, with the mountain populations being in their majority Druze and Christian. The government of Lebanon had been run under a significant influence of the elites among the Maronite Christians. The link between politics and religion had been reinforced under the mandate of the French colonial powers from 1920 to 1943, and the parliamentary structure favored a leading position for the Christians. However, the country had a large Muslim population and many pan-Arabist and left-wing groups opposed the pro-western government. The establishment of the state of Israel and the displacement of a hundred thousand Palestinian refugees to Lebanon during the 1948 and 1967 exoduses contributed to shifting the demographic balance in favor of the Muslim population. The Cold War had a powerful disintegrative effect on Lebanon, which was closely linked to the polarization that preceded the 1958 political crisis, since Maronites sided with the West while leftist and pan-Arab groups sided with Soviet-aligned Arab countries.
Adnan's most famous literary work is her 1977 novel Sitt Marie Rose, set before and during the 1975-1990 Lebanese Civil War, which earned the Franco-Arabic Friendship Award and has been translated into more than 10 languages.
... referring to the patriotic position he inherited from his late father, Kamal Jumblatt, who was assassinated by Syrian agents on March 16, 1977, in the midst of the 1975-1990 Lebanese civil war.