In 773, Charlemagne (died 814), the King of the Franks, crossed the Alps to invade the Kingdom of the Lombards, which encompassed all of Italy except the Duchy of Rome and some Byzantine possessions in the south. In June 774, the kingdom collapsed and the Franks became masters of northern Italy. The southern regions remained under Lombard control. Charlemagne adopted the title "King of the Lombards" and in 800 had himself crowned "Emperor of the Romans" in Rome. In 781, he gave Italy to his son, Pepin (died 810). In 818 Pepin's line died out and the kingdom passed to his cousin, Lothair I. Members of the Carolingian dynasty continued to rule Italy until the deposition of Charles the Fat in 887, after which they once briefly regained the throne in 894–96. Until 961, the rule of Italy was continually contested by several aristocratic families from both within and without the kingdom.
The Kingdom of Italy (Italian:Regno d'Italia) was a state founded in 1861 when King Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy. The state was founded as a result of the unification of Italy under the influence of the Kingdom of Sardinia, which can be considered its legal predecessor state. In 1943 Italy underwent a regime change, whereby the entire fascist leadership was removed and former dictator Benito Mussolini was imprisoned, and the fascist system of government was eradicated at the local and national level. In the northern areas, where the Germans had control, the fascist system was retained under the name of Italian Social Republic. It was a puppet regime under Mussolini (who had been rescued by the Germans), which was destroyed in 1945. In 1946 Italy voted to abolish the monarchy and elect its head of state, making it a republic.
Italy declared war on Austria in alliance with Prussia in 1866: despite an unsuccessful campaign, it received the region of Veneto following Bismarck's victory. Italian troops entered Rome in 1870, ending more than one thousand years of Papal temporal power. Italy accepted Bismarck's proposal to enter in a Triple Alliance with Germany and Austria-Hungary in 1882, following strong disagreements with France about the respective colonial expansions. However, even if relations with Berlin became very friendly, the alliance with Vienna remained purely formal, as the Italians were keen to acquire on Trentino and Trieste, parts of the Austro-Hungarian empire populated by Italians. So, in 1915, Italy accepted the British invitation to join the Allies in World War I because the western allies promised territorial compensation (at the expense of Austria-Hungary) for participation that were more generous than Vienna's offer in exchange for Italian neutrality. Victory in the war gave Italy a permanent seat in the Council of the League of Nations.
The Italian Empire (Italian:Impero Italiano) comprised the colonies, protectorates, concessions, dependencies and trust territories of the Kingdom of Italy and, after 1946, the Italian Republic. The genesis of the Italian colonial empire was the purchase, in 1869, by a commercial company of the coastal town of Assab on the Red Sea. This was taken over by the Italian government in 1882, becoming Italy's first overseas territory. Over the next two decades the pace of European acquisitions in Africa increased, causing the so-called "Scramble for Africa". By the start of the First World War in 1914, Italy had acquired in Africa alone a colony on the Red Sea coast (Eritrea), a large protectorate in Somalia and administrative authority in formerly Turkish Libya. Outside of Africa, Italy possessed a small concession in Tientsin in China and the Dodecanese Islands off the coast of Turkey.
Flavius Odoacer (433–493), also known as Flavius Odovacer (Italian:Odoacre, Latin:OdoacerusGerman:Odoaker), was a soldier
who in 476 became the first King of Italy (476–493). His reign is commonly seen as marking the end of the Western Roman Empire. Though the real power in Italy was in his hands, he represented himself as the client of Julius Nepos and, after Nepos' death in 480, of the Emperor in Constantinople. Odoacer generally used the Roman honorific patrician, granted by the Emperor Zeno, but is referred to as a king (Latinrex) in many documents and he himself used it at least once and on another occasion it was used by the consulBasilius. Odoacer introduced few important changes into the administrative system of Italy. He had the support of the Roman Senate and was able to distribute land to his followers without much opposition. Unrest among his warriors led to violence in 477–478, but no such disturbances occurred during the later period of his reign. Although Odoacer was an Arian Christian, he rarely intervened in the affairs of the orthodox and trinitarianstate church of the Roman Empire.
Italy (Italia in Latin and Italian) was the name of the administrative division of the Italian peninsula during the Roman era. It was not a province, but became the territory of the city of Rome, thus having a special status. Following the end of the Social War (91–88 BC), Rome had allowed its Italian allies (socii) full rights in Roman society and granted the Roman citizenship to all the Italic peoples.
After having been for centuries the heart of the Empire, from the 3rd century the government and the cultural center began to move eastward: first the Edict of Caracalla in 212 AD extended Roman citizenship to all free men within the imperial boundaries, then during Constantine's reign (306–337) the seat of the Empire was moved to Constantinople in 330 AD.
Roman Empire vs Holy Roman Empire - Empire Comparison
Roman Empire vs Holy Roman Empire - Empire Comparison: On The Basis Of Founders, Area, Military Strength, Military History, Currency, Trade, GDP, etc.
Roman Empire:
The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of ancient Rome. As a polity it included large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Northern Africa, and Western Asia ruled by emperors. From the accession of Caesar Augustus to the military anarchy of the 3rd century, it was a principate with Italy as metropole of the provinces and the city of Rome as sole capital (27 BC – AD 286). After the military crisis, the empire was ruled by multiple emperors who shared rule over the Western Roman Empire and over the Eastern Roman Empire (also known as the Byzantine Empire). Rome remained the nominal capital of bot...
published: 06 Aug 2021
How did the Holy Roman Empire Form? | Animated History
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The Holy Roman Empire was one of the oldest and most influential imperial institutions in all of Medieval history. Tracing its roots back to the early Frankish kingdoms and the heroic deeds of men like Charles Martel and Charlemagne, the HRE existed in one form or another for nearly a thousand years. Yet the term 'Holy Roman Empire' did not enter common use until the 13th Century with the reign of Frederick Barbarossa. In this video, we explore why this was the case, delving into the Empire's long and tumultuous relationship with the Papacy in Rome, and the circumstances that led to the en...
published: 18 Feb 2021
every time hre speaks in hetalia (dub)
Reuploading because copyright
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Holy Roman Empire is baby
published: 17 Dec 2020
AN EMPIRE DIVIDED! Italian Wars Campaign - Holy Roman Empire (PART 1)
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The Holy Roman Empire lays divided. The French are the new power in Europe. The squabbling Italian states fight for dominance in Italy. But the sleeping giant quietly builds its strength.
The rebel settlements nearby will be the first to fall. Then the Holy Roman armies will turn to their next greatest threat... the kingdom of France.....
published: 09 Jan 2019
Kingdom of Sardinia vs Kingdom of Italy vs Italy- Country Timeline Comparison
Kingdom of Sardinia vs Kingdom of Italy vs Italy- Country Timeline Comparison
Military History, Economy, Military, GDP, currency, etc.
#Timelinecomparison
*************************************
Please review the contents. Your opinion matters
Thank you for your support.
When Did the Romans Become Italians? (Short Animated Documentary)
1700 years ago the people who lived in what's now Italy considered themselves to be Romans. Of course nowadays none of them do anymore which raises the question: when did this change occur? When did the Romans become Italians? To find out watch this short and simple animated documentary.
https://twitter.com/HistMattersYT
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A special thanks to all of these Patrons below, without whom the show wouldn't be possible:
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Kevin Sanders
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kevinh
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Kevin Phoenix
D. Mahlik
Robert Brockway
Paul Franche
David Brown
Hedrin
Nicholas Menghini
anon
Brian Giordano
Scott P
Jeff Kapp
Porkmeister
Chris Fat...
Roman Empire vs Holy Roman Empire - Empire Comparison: On The Basis Of Founders, Area, Military Strength, Military History, Currency, Trade, GDP, etc.
Roman Em...
Roman Empire vs Holy Roman Empire - Empire Comparison: On The Basis Of Founders, Area, Military Strength, Military History, Currency, Trade, GDP, etc.
Roman Empire:
The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of ancient Rome. As a polity it included large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Northern Africa, and Western Asia ruled by emperors. From the accession of Caesar Augustus to the military anarchy of the 3rd century, it was a principate with Italy as metropole of the provinces and the city of Rome as sole capital (27 BC – AD 286). After the military crisis, the empire was ruled by multiple emperors who shared rule over the Western Roman Empire and over the Eastern Roman Empire (also known as the Byzantine Empire). Rome remained the nominal capital of both parts until AD 476, when the imperial insignia were sent to Constantinople, following the capture of Ravenna by the barbarians of Odoacer and the subsequent deposition of Romulus Augustus. The adoption of Christianity as the state church of the Roman Empire in AD 380 and the fall of the Western Roman Empire to Germanic kings conventionally marks the end of Classical antiquity and the beginning of the Middle Ages. Those events, along with the gradual hellenization of the Eastern Roman Empire is why historians distinguish the medieval Roman Empire that remained in the Eastern provinces as the Byzantine Empire.
Holy Roman Empire:
The Holy Roman Empire was a multi-ethnic complex of territories in Western, Central and Southern Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars.
The empire was created by joining in personal union and with the imperial title the crown of the Kingdom of Italy with the Frankish crown, particularly the Kingdom of East Francia (Later Kingdom of Germany), as well as titles of other smaller territories. Soon these kingdoms would be joined by the Kingdom of Burgundy and Kingdom of Bohemia. By the end of the 15th century the empire was still in theory composed of three major blocks – Italy, Germany and Burgundy. Later territorially only the Kingdom of Germany and Bohemia remained, with the Burgundian territories lost to France. Although the Italian territories were formally part of the empire, the territories were ignored in the Imperial Reform and splintered into numerous de facto independent territorial entities. The status of Italy in particular varied throughout the 16th to 18th centuries. Some territories like Piedmont-Savoy became increasingly independent, while others became more dependent due to the extinction of their ruling noble houses causing these territories to often fall under the dominions of the Habsburgs and their cadet branches. Barring the loss of Franche-Comté in 1678, the external borders of the Empire did not change noticeably from the Peace of Westphalia – which acknowledged the exclusion of Switzerland and the Northern Netherlands, and the French protectorate over Alsace – to the dissolution of the Empire. At the conclusion of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815, most of the Holy Roman Empire was included in the German Confederation, with the main exceptions being the Italian states.
Which Empire do you Think is More Influential? Share Your Views in the comment section down below.
Attributions:
Free Images From :- freepik.com
Disclaimer:
All photos and Music belongs to their respective owners and licensed under creative commons to use with attribution 2.0.
Music:- Legionnaire
Tags:
#Empire_Comparison
#roman_empire
#holy_roman_empire
Roman Empire vs Holy Roman Empire - Empire Comparison: On The Basis Of Founders, Area, Military Strength, Military History, Currency, Trade, GDP, etc.
Roman Empire:
The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of ancient Rome. As a polity it included large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Northern Africa, and Western Asia ruled by emperors. From the accession of Caesar Augustus to the military anarchy of the 3rd century, it was a principate with Italy as metropole of the provinces and the city of Rome as sole capital (27 BC – AD 286). After the military crisis, the empire was ruled by multiple emperors who shared rule over the Western Roman Empire and over the Eastern Roman Empire (also known as the Byzantine Empire). Rome remained the nominal capital of both parts until AD 476, when the imperial insignia were sent to Constantinople, following the capture of Ravenna by the barbarians of Odoacer and the subsequent deposition of Romulus Augustus. The adoption of Christianity as the state church of the Roman Empire in AD 380 and the fall of the Western Roman Empire to Germanic kings conventionally marks the end of Classical antiquity and the beginning of the Middle Ages. Those events, along with the gradual hellenization of the Eastern Roman Empire is why historians distinguish the medieval Roman Empire that remained in the Eastern provinces as the Byzantine Empire.
Holy Roman Empire:
The Holy Roman Empire was a multi-ethnic complex of territories in Western, Central and Southern Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars.
The empire was created by joining in personal union and with the imperial title the crown of the Kingdom of Italy with the Frankish crown, particularly the Kingdom of East Francia (Later Kingdom of Germany), as well as titles of other smaller territories. Soon these kingdoms would be joined by the Kingdom of Burgundy and Kingdom of Bohemia. By the end of the 15th century the empire was still in theory composed of three major blocks – Italy, Germany and Burgundy. Later territorially only the Kingdom of Germany and Bohemia remained, with the Burgundian territories lost to France. Although the Italian territories were formally part of the empire, the territories were ignored in the Imperial Reform and splintered into numerous de facto independent territorial entities. The status of Italy in particular varied throughout the 16th to 18th centuries. Some territories like Piedmont-Savoy became increasingly independent, while others became more dependent due to the extinction of their ruling noble houses causing these territories to often fall under the dominions of the Habsburgs and their cadet branches. Barring the loss of Franche-Comté in 1678, the external borders of the Empire did not change noticeably from the Peace of Westphalia – which acknowledged the exclusion of Switzerland and the Northern Netherlands, and the French protectorate over Alsace – to the dissolution of the Empire. At the conclusion of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815, most of the Holy Roman Empire was included in the German Confederation, with the main exceptions being the Italian states.
Which Empire do you Think is More Influential? Share Your Views in the comment section down below.
Attributions:
Free Images From :- freepik.com
Disclaimer:
All photos and Music belongs to their respective owners and licensed under creative commons to use with attribution 2.0.
Music:- Legionnaire
Tags:
#Empire_Comparison
#roman_empire
#holy_roman_empire
This video is sponsored by Mindstone - helping you learn faster & remember more.
Sign up to Mindstone for free, and join the conversation on the articles I used...
This video is sponsored by Mindstone - helping you learn faster & remember more.
Sign up to Mindstone for free, and join the conversation on the articles I used in this video
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The Holy Roman Empire was one of the oldest and most influential imperial institutions in all of Medieval history. Tracing its roots back to the early Frankish kingdoms and the heroic deeds of men like Charles Martel and Charlemagne, the HRE existed in one form or another for nearly a thousand years. Yet the term 'Holy Roman Empire' did not enter common use until the 13th Century with the reign of Frederick Barbarossa. In this video, we explore why this was the case, delving into the Empire's long and tumultuous relationship with the Papacy in Rome, and the circumstances that led to the end of that relationship for good.
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Sources:
Wilson, Peter. Heart of Europe : a history of the Holy Roman Empire, Harvard University: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2016
Stollberg-Rilinger, Barbara. The Holy Roman Empire, Yair Translation, Princeton University Press, New Jersey, 2018
Reuter, T. ‘The origins of the German Sonderweg? The Empire and its rulers in the high Middle Ages’, Duggan A. (ed.), Kings and Kingship in Medieval Europe, London, 1993
Roach, L. Emperor Otto III and the end of time, TRHS, 6th series, 23, 2013
Otto of Freising and his continuator Rahewin, The deeds of Frederick Barbarossa tr. Charles Christopher Mierow with Richard Emery. New York: Columbia University Press, 1953. Reprinted
Music:
Medieval Adventure by Bonnie Grace
Vad Rost, Vad Ljuvlig Rost Jag Hor by Kurt Lyndon
A Battle for the Future by Eoin Mantell
Tva Valdiga Strider om Manniskans Sjal by Kurt Lyndon
The Norman Kings by Bonnie Grace
Crusade by Max Anson
A King's Ransom by Bonnie Grace
Armchair Historian Theme by Zach Heyde
This video is sponsored by Mindstone - helping you learn faster & remember more.
Sign up to Mindstone for free, and join the conversation on the articles I used in this video
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The Holy Roman Empire was one of the oldest and most influential imperial institutions in all of Medieval history. Tracing its roots back to the early Frankish kingdoms and the heroic deeds of men like Charles Martel and Charlemagne, the HRE existed in one form or another for nearly a thousand years. Yet the term 'Holy Roman Empire' did not enter common use until the 13th Century with the reign of Frederick Barbarossa. In this video, we explore why this was the case, delving into the Empire's long and tumultuous relationship with the Papacy in Rome, and the circumstances that led to the end of that relationship for good.
Sign up for Armchair History TV today! https://armchairhistory.tv/
Promo code: FIGHTBACK for 50% OFF
Merchandise available at https://store.armchairhistory.tv/
Check out the new Armchair History TV Mobile App too!
https://apps.apple.com/us/app/armchair-history-tv/id1514643375
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=tv.uscreen.armchairhistorytv
Discord: https://discord.gg/zY5jzKp
Twitter: https://twitter.com/ArmchairHist
Sources:
Wilson, Peter. Heart of Europe : a history of the Holy Roman Empire, Harvard University: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2016
Stollberg-Rilinger, Barbara. The Holy Roman Empire, Yair Translation, Princeton University Press, New Jersey, 2018
Reuter, T. ‘The origins of the German Sonderweg? The Empire and its rulers in the high Middle Ages’, Duggan A. (ed.), Kings and Kingship in Medieval Europe, London, 1993
Roach, L. Emperor Otto III and the end of time, TRHS, 6th series, 23, 2013
Otto of Freising and his continuator Rahewin, The deeds of Frederick Barbarossa tr. Charles Christopher Mierow with Richard Emery. New York: Columbia University Press, 1953. Reprinted
Music:
Medieval Adventure by Bonnie Grace
Vad Rost, Vad Ljuvlig Rost Jag Hor by Kurt Lyndon
A Battle for the Future by Eoin Mantell
Tva Valdiga Strider om Manniskans Sjal by Kurt Lyndon
The Norman Kings by Bonnie Grace
Crusade by Max Anson
A King's Ransom by Bonnie Grace
Armchair Historian Theme by Zach Heyde
==========================================
Support me on Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/celticwarband/
==========================================
Join my Dis...
==========================================
Support me on Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/celticwarband/
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The Holy Roman Empire lays divided. The French are the new power in Europe. The squabbling Italian states fight for dominance in Italy. But the sleeping giant quietly builds its strength.
The rebel settlements nearby will be the first to fall. Then the Holy Roman armies will turn to their next greatest threat... the kingdom of France.....
==========================================
Support me on Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/celticwarband/
==========================================
Join my Discord:
https://discord.gg/Ur9wqAf
==========================================
Visit me on Facebook:
https://www.facebook.com/CelticWarbandTW/
==========================================
Follow me on Twitter:
https://twitter.com/celticwarband
==========================================
The Holy Roman Empire lays divided. The French are the new power in Europe. The squabbling Italian states fight for dominance in Italy. But the sleeping giant quietly builds its strength.
The rebel settlements nearby will be the first to fall. Then the Holy Roman armies will turn to their next greatest threat... the kingdom of France.....
Kingdom of Sardinia vs Kingdom of Italy vs Italy- Country Timeline Comparison
Military History, Economy, Military, GDP, currency, etc.
#Timelinecomparison
***...
Kingdom of Sardinia vs Kingdom of Italy vs Italy- Country Timeline Comparison
Military History, Economy, Military, GDP, currency, etc.
#Timelinecomparison
*************************************
Please review the contents. Your opinion matters
Thank you for your support.
Kingdom of Sardinia vs Kingdom of Italy vs Italy- Country Timeline Comparison
Military History, Economy, Military, GDP, currency, etc.
#Timelinecomparison
*************************************
Please review the contents. Your opinion matters
Thank you for your support.
1700 years ago the people who lived in what's now Italy considered themselves to be Romans. Of course nowadays none of them do anymore which raises the question...
1700 years ago the people who lived in what's now Italy considered themselves to be Romans. Of course nowadays none of them do anymore which raises the question: when did this change occur? When did the Romans become Italians? To find out watch this short and simple animated documentary.
https://twitter.com/HistMattersYT
Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/user?u=4973164
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A special thanks to all of these Patrons below, without whom the show wouldn't be possible:
Southside Mitch
Franco La Bruna
אורי פרקש
Kevin Sanders
Hans Melbye
kevinh
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Ian Smith
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Tim Stumbaugh
Kevin Phoenix
D. Mahlik
Robert Brockway
Paul Franche
David Brown
Hedrin
Nicholas Menghini
anon
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Porkmeister
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1700 years ago the people who lived in what's now Italy considered themselves to be Romans. Of course nowadays none of them do anymore which raises the question: when did this change occur? When did the Romans become Italians? To find out watch this short and simple animated documentary.
https://twitter.com/HistMattersYT
Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/user?u=4973164
Merch: https://teespring.com/stores/history-matters-store-2
A special thanks to all of these Patrons below, without whom the show wouldn't be possible:
Southside Mitch
Franco La Bruna
אורי פרקש
Kevin Sanders
Hans Melbye
kevinh
Richard Wolfe
Ian Smith
James Nile
Tim Stumbaugh
Kevin Phoenix
D. Mahlik
Robert Brockway
Paul Franche
David Brown
Hedrin
Nicholas Menghini
anon
Brian Giordano
Scott P
Jeff Kapp
Porkmeister
Chris Fatta
Mickey Landen
Chase Labiste
sharpie660
Alex G.
Qi Xiao
Adrian Marine
Juan Castillo
Ainar Garipov
Ian Jensen
SirAlpaka
Jeremy Arghhhhh
Brian Hamilton
zockotron
Andreas Mosand
Tat Tvam Asi
Jim Ramaekers
Alexander Washofsky
Curt Helmerich
Dexter_McAaron
Dragan
Jeremy
Mantodea
Dullis
KNSTRKTVST
Benjamin Bowring
Joseph Reinsch
Wolf
Steven Gibson
Andrew Niedbala
Chris Weisel
Tyler Jenkins
Clayton Schuman
John Garcia
Rod D. Martin
Stefan Møller
Jack Mcbeth
Heytun
Joel Cromwell
Tristan Kreller
Ryan Haber
BattleGoat Studios
Adam Stalter
Burt Clothier
William Hilton
Käs
Robert Mitchell
Baste
Riley davidson
Yuichiro Kakutani
Bernardo Santos
Wilhelm Screamer
Scott O'Donnell
ScottishTrekkie
Roan Haggerty
Joseph Kerckhoff
Jane Sumpter
Yick Chung
Justin Pearson
Chris Hall
Danny Anstess
Franklin Sousa
Lolo2321
Christopher Godfrey
Mik Scheper
Syagrius Beans
Magdalena Reinberg-Leibel
Ricardo Salcedo
Super Bee 426
Warren Rudkin
Robert Woodward
Joooooshhhhhh
Chris
bas mensink
David van Reyk
Mark Alexander Mednikov
Zachary Oertel
Adam Rabung
Perry Gagne
Sean Long
Tim Lane
Alen
Joshua A Bishop
Gregory Priebe
Vance Christiaanse
Matthew Literovich
John Orr
Ellen Teapot
Lennart Gottorf
I'm Not In The Description
Christian & Penny Gray
Phil Simmons
Eddie
Blake Dryad
Parth S
Raymond He
Patrick Ferguson
Michael Wagner
Richard W Quarles
Matt Reed
David Johnston
Joker 54
Coolin Castleman
Jeffrey Schneider
David Silverman
Chach
Ciege Engine
Liam Gilleece
William Wold
Bartosz Zasada
JAY ALAN EDELMAN
Vilelmus_veliki
Layne Nielsen
Kinfe85
Anthony McCann
Matthew O'Connor
Mark Ploegstra
Oscar Reynoso
Proxy
Nathan Rodriguez
James Bisonette Fan #1
Jack Nelson
Alteredcorgi
LambOfLeg
ARandomPaperClip
Sahni
Clay Carroll
Bryan Linsley
Phillip Gathright
Chrisaztec
Josh Cornelius
Björn Wittmann
Imperial Pony
Kevin Stolz
HelloAgain
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Roman Empire vs Holy Roman Empire - Empire Comparison: On The Basis Of Founders, Area, Military Strength, Military History, Currency, Trade, GDP, etc.
Roman Empire:
The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of ancient Rome. As a polity it included large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Northern Africa, and Western Asia ruled by emperors. From the accession of Caesar Augustus to the military anarchy of the 3rd century, it was a principate with Italy as metropole of the provinces and the city of Rome as sole capital (27 BC – AD 286). After the military crisis, the empire was ruled by multiple emperors who shared rule over the Western Roman Empire and over the Eastern Roman Empire (also known as the Byzantine Empire). Rome remained the nominal capital of both parts until AD 476, when the imperial insignia were sent to Constantinople, following the capture of Ravenna by the barbarians of Odoacer and the subsequent deposition of Romulus Augustus. The adoption of Christianity as the state church of the Roman Empire in AD 380 and the fall of the Western Roman Empire to Germanic kings conventionally marks the end of Classical antiquity and the beginning of the Middle Ages. Those events, along with the gradual hellenization of the Eastern Roman Empire is why historians distinguish the medieval Roman Empire that remained in the Eastern provinces as the Byzantine Empire.
Holy Roman Empire:
The Holy Roman Empire was a multi-ethnic complex of territories in Western, Central and Southern Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars.
The empire was created by joining in personal union and with the imperial title the crown of the Kingdom of Italy with the Frankish crown, particularly the Kingdom of East Francia (Later Kingdom of Germany), as well as titles of other smaller territories. Soon these kingdoms would be joined by the Kingdom of Burgundy and Kingdom of Bohemia. By the end of the 15th century the empire was still in theory composed of three major blocks – Italy, Germany and Burgundy. Later territorially only the Kingdom of Germany and Bohemia remained, with the Burgundian territories lost to France. Although the Italian territories were formally part of the empire, the territories were ignored in the Imperial Reform and splintered into numerous de facto independent territorial entities. The status of Italy in particular varied throughout the 16th to 18th centuries. Some territories like Piedmont-Savoy became increasingly independent, while others became more dependent due to the extinction of their ruling noble houses causing these territories to often fall under the dominions of the Habsburgs and their cadet branches. Barring the loss of Franche-Comté in 1678, the external borders of the Empire did not change noticeably from the Peace of Westphalia – which acknowledged the exclusion of Switzerland and the Northern Netherlands, and the French protectorate over Alsace – to the dissolution of the Empire. At the conclusion of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815, most of the Holy Roman Empire was included in the German Confederation, with the main exceptions being the Italian states.
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The Holy Roman Empire was one of the oldest and most influential imperial institutions in all of Medieval history. Tracing its roots back to the early Frankish kingdoms and the heroic deeds of men like Charles Martel and Charlemagne, the HRE existed in one form or another for nearly a thousand years. Yet the term 'Holy Roman Empire' did not enter common use until the 13th Century with the reign of Frederick Barbarossa. In this video, we explore why this was the case, delving into the Empire's long and tumultuous relationship with the Papacy in Rome, and the circumstances that led to the end of that relationship for good.
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Sources:
Wilson, Peter. Heart of Europe : a history of the Holy Roman Empire, Harvard University: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2016
Stollberg-Rilinger, Barbara. The Holy Roman Empire, Yair Translation, Princeton University Press, New Jersey, 2018
Reuter, T. ‘The origins of the German Sonderweg? The Empire and its rulers in the high Middle Ages’, Duggan A. (ed.), Kings and Kingship in Medieval Europe, London, 1993
Roach, L. Emperor Otto III and the end of time, TRHS, 6th series, 23, 2013
Otto of Freising and his continuator Rahewin, The deeds of Frederick Barbarossa tr. Charles Christopher Mierow with Richard Emery. New York: Columbia University Press, 1953. Reprinted
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The Holy Roman Empire lays divided. The French are the new power in Europe. The squabbling Italian states fight for dominance in Italy. But the sleeping giant quietly builds its strength.
The rebel settlements nearby will be the first to fall. Then the Holy Roman armies will turn to their next greatest threat... the kingdom of France.....
Kingdom of Sardinia vs Kingdom of Italy vs Italy- Country Timeline Comparison
Military History, Economy, Military, GDP, currency, etc.
#Timelinecomparison
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1700 years ago the people who lived in what's now Italy considered themselves to be Romans. Of course nowadays none of them do anymore which raises the question: when did this change occur? When did the Romans become Italians? To find out watch this short and simple animated documentary.
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In 773, Charlemagne (died 814), the King of the Franks, crossed the Alps to invade the Kingdom of the Lombards, which encompassed all of Italy except the Duchy of Rome and some Byzantine possessions in the south. In June 774, the kingdom collapsed and the Franks became masters of northern Italy. The southern regions remained under Lombard control. Charlemagne adopted the title "King of the Lombards" and in 800 had himself crowned "Emperor of the Romans" in Rome. In 781, he gave Italy to his son, Pepin (died 810). In 818 Pepin's line died out and the kingdom passed to his cousin, Lothair I. Members of the Carolingian dynasty continued to rule Italy until the deposition of Charles the Fat in 887, after which they once briefly regained the throne in 894–96. Until 961, the rule of Italy was continually contested by several aristocratic families from both within and without the kingdom.