Kerma (also known as Dukki Gel) was the capital city of the Kingdom of Kerma, which was located in present day Sudan at least 5,500 years ago. Kerma is one of the largest archaeological sites in ancient Nubia. It has produced decades of extensive excavations and research, including thousands of graves and tombs and the residential quarters of the main city surrounding the Western/Lower Deffufa.
Around 3000 BC, a cultural tradition began around Kerma. It was a large urban center that was built around a large mud brick temple, known as the Western Deffufa.
As a capital city and location of royal burials, it sheds light on the complex social structure present in this society.
Kerma is an acronym for "kinetic energy released per unit mass", defined as the sum of the initial kinetic energies of all the charged particles liberated by uncharged ionizing radiation (i.e., indirectly ionizing radiation such as photons and neutrons) in a sample of matter, divided by the mass of the sample. It is defined by the quotient
.
The SI unit of kerma is the gray (Gy) (or joule per kilogram), the same as the unit of absorbed dose. However, kerma dose is different from absorbed dose, according to the energies involved, partially because ionization energy is not accounted for. Whilst roughly equal at low energies, kerma is much higher than absorbed dose at higher energies, because some energy escapes from the absorbing volume in the form of bremsstrahlung (X-rays) or fast-moving electrons.
The word "kerma" can also be an acronym for "kinetic energy released in material", "kinetic energy released in matter".
Process of energy transfer
Photon energy is transferred to matter in a two-step process. First, energy is transferred to charged particles in the medium through various photon interactions (e.g. photoelectric effect, Compton scattering, pair production, and photodisintegration). Next, these secondary charged particles transfer their energy to the medium through atomic excitation and ionizations.
Kerma: The Ancient African Kingdom #Nubia #africancivilization #ancientegypt
Kerma was the capital of one of the earliest Kingdoms in Africa and is a huge display of a unique and rich culture. The Kerma region is in the center of the Nubian Civilization, and spanned from the first to the sixth Nile cataracts and was located in present day Northern Sudan and Southern Egypt. Kerma Kingdom was established in around 2500 BCE, a couple of centuries after ancient Egypt. The City at it's peak rivalled the neighboring Kingdom of Egypt in it's extension. Their relations were always bittersweet as they experienced great moments where they traded and exchanged a lot of culture, while at other times, the Kingdoms went to war with each other.
Kerma is a very important civilization in the world, though very little is known about it.
published: 18 Feb 2023
Κώστας Μαρτάκης – Κέρμα (Official Music Video)
▶ Βρείτε το στα ψηφιακά καταστήματα και τις streaming υπηρεσίες: https://KostasMartakis.lnk.to/Kerma
Στίχοι-Μουσική: Γιώργος Καλογεράκος
Μουσική παραγωγή-ενορχήστρωση: Γιώργος Καλογεράκος
Κιθάρες: Δημήτρης Χατζηλαζαρίδης
Recorded, mixed and mastered @718 studios (Giorgos Kalogerakos)
Σκηνοθεσία: Γιάννης Παπαδάκος
Line Producer: Ju Stamatakis
Production Assistants: Μάνος Ρέππας, Mouh Hascor
Edit: Βασίλης Τζανής
Color: Volkan Senyuz
Styling: Μιχάλης Τσούκας
Make-Up & Hair: Esther Lalousis
Backstage Photographer: Τρύφωνας Νάκης
Στίχοι:
Αν μ αγαπας πες που και ποτε
Αν με εκτιμάς όπως και τότε
Στα χέρια μου να ρθεις να πέσεις
Να σε κρατώ να μην πονέσεις
Πάρε την καρδιά μου
Πάρε το μυαλό μου
Πάρε το κορμί μου
Παρτα όλα εσυ μικρή μου
Το παιδί που αγάπησε
Το παιδί που πλήρωσε ακρ...
published: 17 Oct 2023
The Kerma Kingdom of Kush: A LOST Ancient EGYPTIAN African Civilization
The Kingdom of Kush was a remarkable ancient civilization that flourished in northeastern Africa, along the Nile River. Situated south of ancient Egypt, Kush played a significant role in shaping the region's history and culture. This essay explores the rise, achievements, and legacy of the Kingdom of Kush, shedding light on its cultural, economic, and political contributions to the ancient world.
Geographical Location and Early History:
The Kingdom of Kush occupied the lands of present-day Sudan and parts of Egypt and Ethiopia. Its strategic location along the Nile River facilitated trade and interactions with neighboring societies. The kingdom's origins can be traced back to around 2500 BCE when it began as a Nubian kingdom, gradually growing in power and influence.
Relationship with An...
published: 19 May 2023
History of Ancient Nubian Kingdoms of Kerma and Kush | History series | Kingdom Of Kush |
History of Ancient Nubian Kingdoms of Kerma and Kush | History series | Kingdom Of Kush |
The legendary Kingdom of Kush, with its series of capitals in what is now northern Sudan, helped define the political and cultural landscape of northeastern Africa for more than a thousand years. What was the Kingdom of Kush?
Find out on this video by Dr Bunmi Oyinsan
Subscribe to the Sankofa Pan African channel https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqSyyTlZjSXfRC5iO44tcPQ?sub_confirmation=1
You can now listen to our series via podcasts
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published: 15 Jul 2021
The power of Kerma: exposing facts erased by Ancient Egyptians. Part 1
This video is dedicated to Professor Charles Bonnet
Until the 1960s, knowledge about the Kingdom of Kerma came primarily from Ancient Egyptian records portraying Nubians as uncivilised and primitive. Historians and Egyptologists accepted Ancient Egyptians narrative and believed that Kerma was weak and dominated by Egypt. Furthermore, Egyptian records erased information about their defeat by Kerman forces.
Archaeological evidence in the late 20 th and beginning of the 21 st centuries, found evidence that proved the contrary. We now understand that Kerma was one of the great civilisations in the ancient world, one of the first kingdoms in Sub-Saharan Africa. A major political force on the Nile valley with an extensive trading network and centralised power. The Kingdom of Kerma was forceful ...
published: 14 Feb 2021
Ancient Nubia Part 1: Pre- Kerma - Kingdoms of Kush
AITC and ASOR partnered with scholars of Ancient Nubia to produce a video series that can be used by educators to teach students about Nubian civilization.
published: 23 Mar 2022
4,000 Year Old Kerma Culture DNA Body-bags Afrocentrism 👈🏼👈🏼☠️☠️
Every. Single. Study. Kerma Culture individual of 2,000BC found to be half Levantine. What does this say about ancient Egyptians? What does this say about ancient Nubia? Watch and find out!
Afrocentrism has no place in society. It is racist reactionary garbage.
published: 31 Dec 2022
The Kingdom of Kerma - Ancient African Empires
#africa #AncientKnowledge #Empires
Kingdom of Kerma
The Kingdom of Kerma was an ancient civilization that existed between 2500 BC and 1500 BC, with its capital at the city of Kerma. It was located in the heart of Sudanese Nubia region of Africa.
The first documented Sub Saharan Kingdom.
The first settlement in Kerma can be traced back to the 4th millennium BC. This phase has been called ‘Pre-Kerma’. The Kingdom of Kerma, however, was established around 2500 BC. The timeline of this kingdom has been divided into three phases – Ancient / Early Kerma (around 2500 BC – 2050 BC), Middle Kerma (around 2050 BC – 1750 BC) and Classic Kerma (around 1750 BC – 1500 BC).
#StolenHistory #kemetic #kemet#AliensAmongUs #Aliens #Infowar #Magic
published: 18 Oct 2020
Nubian Kingdoms of East Africa: Kerma and Kush
Known to the Egyptians as Kush, which may be the indigenous name of the kingdom, the territory controlled by Kerma expanded north of the Egyptian fortresses at the 2nd cataract.
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published: 03 Mar 2023
MedPhys - Kerma, Collision Kerma and Absorbed Dose Part 1
A review covering the topics of Kerma, Collision Kerma and Absorbed Dose (Problems 1-6).
Kerma was the capital of one of the earliest Kingdoms in Africa and is a huge display of a unique and rich culture. The Kerma region is in the center of the Nub...
Kerma was the capital of one of the earliest Kingdoms in Africa and is a huge display of a unique and rich culture. The Kerma region is in the center of the Nubian Civilization, and spanned from the first to the sixth Nile cataracts and was located in present day Northern Sudan and Southern Egypt. Kerma Kingdom was established in around 2500 BCE, a couple of centuries after ancient Egypt. The City at it's peak rivalled the neighboring Kingdom of Egypt in it's extension. Their relations were always bittersweet as they experienced great moments where they traded and exchanged a lot of culture, while at other times, the Kingdoms went to war with each other.
Kerma is a very important civilization in the world, though very little is known about it.
Kerma was the capital of one of the earliest Kingdoms in Africa and is a huge display of a unique and rich culture. The Kerma region is in the center of the Nubian Civilization, and spanned from the first to the sixth Nile cataracts and was located in present day Northern Sudan and Southern Egypt. Kerma Kingdom was established in around 2500 BCE, a couple of centuries after ancient Egypt. The City at it's peak rivalled the neighboring Kingdom of Egypt in it's extension. Their relations were always bittersweet as they experienced great moments where they traded and exchanged a lot of culture, while at other times, the Kingdoms went to war with each other.
Kerma is a very important civilization in the world, though very little is known about it.
▶ Βρείτε το στα ψηφιακά καταστήματα και τις streaming υπηρεσίες: https://KostasMartakis.lnk.to/Kerma
Στίχοι-Μουσική: Γιώργος Καλογεράκος
Μουσική παραγωγή-ενορ...
▶ Βρείτε το στα ψηφιακά καταστήματα και τις streaming υπηρεσίες: https://KostasMartakis.lnk.to/Kerma
Στίχοι-Μουσική: Γιώργος Καλογεράκος
Μουσική παραγωγή-ενορχήστρωση: Γιώργος Καλογεράκος
Κιθάρες: Δημήτρης Χατζηλαζαρίδης
Recorded, mixed and mastered @718 studios (Giorgos Kalogerakos)
Σκηνοθεσία: Γιάννης Παπαδάκος
Line Producer: Ju Stamatakis
Production Assistants: Μάνος Ρέππας, Mouh Hascor
Edit: Βασίλης Τζανής
Color: Volkan Senyuz
Styling: Μιχάλης Τσούκας
Make-Up & Hair: Esther Lalousis
Backstage Photographer: Τρύφωνας Νάκης
Στίχοι:
Αν μ αγαπας πες που και ποτε
Αν με εκτιμάς όπως και τότε
Στα χέρια μου να ρθεις να πέσεις
Να σε κρατώ να μην πονέσεις
Πάρε την καρδιά μου
Πάρε το μυαλό μου
Πάρε το κορμί μου
Παρτα όλα εσυ μικρή μου
Το παιδί που αγάπησε
Το παιδί που πλήρωσε ακριβά
ένα ένα κέρμα τα αισθήματα για σένα
Τι αγάπησε
Σε ένα προδομενο έρωτα
Σε ρωτάει εσενα
Με δυο μάτια μαγεμένα
Αν μ αγαπούσες εστω λίγο
Θα με κρατούσες να μη φυγω
Σα δυο αστερια δίπλα δίπλα
Δε λάμπουν πια αυτή τη νύχτα
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Στίχοι-Μουσική: Γιώργος Καλογεράκος
Μουσική παραγωγή-ενορχήστρωση: Γιώργος Καλογεράκος
Κιθάρες: Δημήτρης Χατζηλαζαρίδης
Recorded, mixed and mastered @718 studios (Giorgos Kalogerakos)
Σκηνοθεσία: Γιάννης Παπαδάκος
Line Producer: Ju Stamatakis
Production Assistants: Μάνος Ρέππας, Mouh Hascor
Edit: Βασίλης Τζανής
Color: Volkan Senyuz
Styling: Μιχάλης Τσούκας
Make-Up & Hair: Esther Lalousis
Backstage Photographer: Τρύφωνας Νάκης
Στίχοι:
Αν μ αγαπας πες που και ποτε
Αν με εκτιμάς όπως και τότε
Στα χέρια μου να ρθεις να πέσεις
Να σε κρατώ να μην πονέσεις
Πάρε την καρδιά μου
Πάρε το μυαλό μου
Πάρε το κορμί μου
Παρτα όλα εσυ μικρή μου
Το παιδί που αγάπησε
Το παιδί που πλήρωσε ακριβά
ένα ένα κέρμα τα αισθήματα για σένα
Τι αγάπησε
Σε ένα προδομενο έρωτα
Σε ρωτάει εσενα
Με δυο μάτια μαγεμένα
Αν μ αγαπούσες εστω λίγο
Θα με κρατούσες να μη φυγω
Σα δυο αστερια δίπλα δίπλα
Δε λάμπουν πια αυτή τη νύχτα
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▶ Twitter: https://twitter.com/martakis_kostas
▶TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@martakiskostas
▶ Contact: [email protected]
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Follow Minos EMI, a Universal Music Company on Social Media:
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#KostasMartakis #Kerma #OfficialMusicVideo
The Kingdom of Kush was a remarkable ancient civilization that flourished in northeastern Africa, along the Nile River. Situated south of ancient Egypt, Kush pl...
The Kingdom of Kush was a remarkable ancient civilization that flourished in northeastern Africa, along the Nile River. Situated south of ancient Egypt, Kush played a significant role in shaping the region's history and culture. This essay explores the rise, achievements, and legacy of the Kingdom of Kush, shedding light on its cultural, economic, and political contributions to the ancient world.
Geographical Location and Early History:
The Kingdom of Kush occupied the lands of present-day Sudan and parts of Egypt and Ethiopia. Its strategic location along the Nile River facilitated trade and interactions with neighboring societies. The kingdom's origins can be traced back to around 2500 BCE when it began as a Nubian kingdom, gradually growing in power and influence.
Relationship with Ancient Egypt:
Kush and ancient Egypt shared a complex and often intertwined history. At times, Kush was under the political dominance of Egypt, serving as a vassal state. However, there were also periods when Kush rose as a formidable power, conquering parts of Egypt and even ruling over the entire region. The relationship between Kush and Egypt was marked by cultural exchange, trade, and occasional conflicts, leaving a lasting impact on both civilizations.
The Kingdom's Golden Age:
The Kingdom of Kush experienced its golden age from around 750 BCE to 350 BCE, known as the Napatan and Meroitic periods. During this time, the capital city of Napata thrived as a vibrant center of trade and culture. The kingdom's wealth was derived from its control of valuable resources, such as gold, ivory, and precious woods, which were in high demand across the ancient world.
The Kushite Pharaohs and their Achievements:
One of the notable achievements of the Kingdom of Kush was the reign of its powerful pharaohs. The Kushite rulers, often referred to as the Black Pharaohs, successfully carved out a vast empire and exerted their influence beyond their borders. They left a lasting architectural legacy, notably seen in the construction of impressive pyramids and temples, reminiscent of the Egyptian style but with distinct Kushite characteristics.
Cultural Significance and Influence:
Kush's cultural influence extended beyond its own borders, enriching the wider African region. The kingdom developed a unique blend of Egyptian and indigenous Nubian traditions, shaping its distinctive artistic and architectural styles. Kushite art, characterized by its intricate and symbolic designs, influenced neighboring cultures and even inspired elements of ancient Greek and Roman art.
Religious Practices:
Religion played a vital role in the Kingdom of Kush, with the worship of traditional Nubian deities and the adoption of Egyptian gods. The most significant religious center was the temple complex of Jebel Barkal, dedicated to the Nubian god Amun. It became a prominent pilgrimage site and a symbol of Kushite religious and political authority.
Decline and Legacy:
The decline of the Kingdom of Kush began in the 4th century BCE, with the rise of the Persian Empire and later the conquest of Alexander the Great. Despite facing challenges from outside forces, Kush managed to survive for several more centuries. The kingdom's ultimate decline occurred around the 4th century CE when the Aksumite Empire of Ethiopia absorbed much of its territory.
The legacy of the Kingdom of Kush is a testament to the rich cultural heritage of Africa. Its accomplishments in architecture, trade, and governance showcased the sophistication and ingenuity of its people. Furthermore, Kush's relationship with ancient Egypt highlights the interconnectedness and cultural exchange that existed between African civilizations.
The Kingdom of Kush was a remarkable ancient civilization that flourished in northeastern Africa, along the Nile River. Situated south of ancient Egypt, Kush played a significant role in shaping the region's history and culture. This essay explores the rise, achievements, and legacy of the Kingdom of Kush, shedding light on its cultural, economic, and political contributions to the ancient world.
Geographical Location and Early History:
The Kingdom of Kush occupied the lands of present-day Sudan and parts of Egypt and Ethiopia. Its strategic location along the Nile River facilitated trade and interactions with neighboring societies. The kingdom's origins can be traced back to around 2500 BCE when it began as a Nubian kingdom, gradually growing in power and influence.
Relationship with Ancient Egypt:
Kush and ancient Egypt shared a complex and often intertwined history. At times, Kush was under the political dominance of Egypt, serving as a vassal state. However, there were also periods when Kush rose as a formidable power, conquering parts of Egypt and even ruling over the entire region. The relationship between Kush and Egypt was marked by cultural exchange, trade, and occasional conflicts, leaving a lasting impact on both civilizations.
The Kingdom's Golden Age:
The Kingdom of Kush experienced its golden age from around 750 BCE to 350 BCE, known as the Napatan and Meroitic periods. During this time, the capital city of Napata thrived as a vibrant center of trade and culture. The kingdom's wealth was derived from its control of valuable resources, such as gold, ivory, and precious woods, which were in high demand across the ancient world.
The Kushite Pharaohs and their Achievements:
One of the notable achievements of the Kingdom of Kush was the reign of its powerful pharaohs. The Kushite rulers, often referred to as the Black Pharaohs, successfully carved out a vast empire and exerted their influence beyond their borders. They left a lasting architectural legacy, notably seen in the construction of impressive pyramids and temples, reminiscent of the Egyptian style but with distinct Kushite characteristics.
Cultural Significance and Influence:
Kush's cultural influence extended beyond its own borders, enriching the wider African region. The kingdom developed a unique blend of Egyptian and indigenous Nubian traditions, shaping its distinctive artistic and architectural styles. Kushite art, characterized by its intricate and symbolic designs, influenced neighboring cultures and even inspired elements of ancient Greek and Roman art.
Religious Practices:
Religion played a vital role in the Kingdom of Kush, with the worship of traditional Nubian deities and the adoption of Egyptian gods. The most significant religious center was the temple complex of Jebel Barkal, dedicated to the Nubian god Amun. It became a prominent pilgrimage site and a symbol of Kushite religious and political authority.
Decline and Legacy:
The decline of the Kingdom of Kush began in the 4th century BCE, with the rise of the Persian Empire and later the conquest of Alexander the Great. Despite facing challenges from outside forces, Kush managed to survive for several more centuries. The kingdom's ultimate decline occurred around the 4th century CE when the Aksumite Empire of Ethiopia absorbed much of its territory.
The legacy of the Kingdom of Kush is a testament to the rich cultural heritage of Africa. Its accomplishments in architecture, trade, and governance showcased the sophistication and ingenuity of its people. Furthermore, Kush's relationship with ancient Egypt highlights the interconnectedness and cultural exchange that existed between African civilizations.
History of Ancient Nubian Kingdoms of Kerma and Kush | History series | Kingdom Of Kush |
The legendary Kingdom of Kush, with its series of capitals in what is...
History of Ancient Nubian Kingdoms of Kerma and Kush | History series | Kingdom Of Kush |
The legendary Kingdom of Kush, with its series of capitals in what is now northern Sudan, helped define the political and cultural landscape of northeastern Africa for more than a thousand years. What was the Kingdom of Kush?
Find out on this video by Dr Bunmi Oyinsan
Subscribe to the Sankofa Pan African channel https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqSyyTlZjSXfRC5iO44tcPQ?sub_confirmation=1
You can now listen to our series via podcasts
Anchor - https://anchor.fm/sakonfapanafricaseries
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#KingdomOfKush #AncientHistory #AncientNubian
History of Ancient Nubian Kingdoms of Kerma and Kush | History series | Kingdom Of Kush |
The legendary Kingdom of Kush, with its series of capitals in what is now northern Sudan, helped define the political and cultural landscape of northeastern Africa for more than a thousand years. What was the Kingdom of Kush?
Find out on this video by Dr Bunmi Oyinsan
Subscribe to the Sankofa Pan African channel https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqSyyTlZjSXfRC5iO44tcPQ?sub_confirmation=1
You can now listen to our series via podcasts
Anchor - https://anchor.fm/sakonfapanafricaseries
Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/2ZbOTJx2B6E91T8NsV85M7
Breaker - https://www.breaker.audio/sankofa-pan-african-series
Google Podcast -https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy80YTA5MDgyYy9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw==
Pocket Casts - https://pca.st/46wfkp3n
Radio Republic - https://radiopublic.com/sankofa-pan-african-series-WeR0AE
#KingdomOfKush #AncientHistory #AncientNubian
This video is dedicated to Professor Charles Bonnet
Until the 1960s, knowledge about the Kingdom of Kerma came primarily from Ancient Egyptian records portrayi...
This video is dedicated to Professor Charles Bonnet
Until the 1960s, knowledge about the Kingdom of Kerma came primarily from Ancient Egyptian records portraying Nubians as uncivilised and primitive. Historians and Egyptologists accepted Ancient Egyptians narrative and believed that Kerma was weak and dominated by Egypt. Furthermore, Egyptian records erased information about their defeat by Kerman forces.
Archaeological evidence in the late 20 th and beginning of the 21 st centuries, found evidence that proved the contrary. We now understand that Kerma was one of the great civilisations in the ancient world, one of the first kingdoms in Sub-Saharan Africa. A major political force on the Nile valley with an extensive trading network and centralised power. The Kingdom of Kerma was forceful and a threat to its northern neighbour.
License and copyright
Music. By the Sudanese Composer and Flute Artist Mr. Hafiz Abd Al Rahman. The Artist kindly gave authorization to use his music
Map. Kingdom of Kerma. Author and Copyright holder Dr Shadia Taha
Wall inlay of lion, classic Kerma period, 1700-1550 BCE, found at Kerma. Copyright Museum of Fine of Fine Arts, Boston
Sandstone stela found at Buhen. Believed to bear the image of the king of Kush resident at Kerma (1700-1570 BCE). Permission Timothy Kendal. Copyright Sudan National Museum
Model of the city of Kerma c. 2000 BC, Sudan National Museum. Source: Wikimedia commons.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Model_Kerma_capital.jpg
Kerma ancient city, Sudan. Source: Wikimedia Commons
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kerma_city.JPG
Wells. Kerma the First Kingdom of Kush. Source Professor Charles Bonnet. Professor Charles Bonnet kindly gave his permission to use the photo in July 2020
The large mud brick temple, known as the Western Deffufa in the ancient city of Kerma, Sudan. Source: Wikimedia Commons
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Western_Deffufa_-_Kerma.jpg
Blue glazed faience wall tile representing one of the local enemies of the kingdom of Kerma, from a chapel in which foreigners were shown bound together to symbolize the domination of the Kerma kingdom. Source: MFA Boston. Copyright MFA Boston. Public Domain
Head of a Ram, blue-glazed quartz are particular to Kerma artwork. The ram's head, whose blue glaze has almost totally disappeared. Source: MFA Boston, Public Domain https://collections.mfa.org/download/142655
Early Kerma (2500 to 2450 BC) The tumulus' top consists of small stone stelae and is surrounded by bucrania (bull skulls). Source: From Wikimedia Commons
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tumulus_Kerma.jpg
Belt with a glazed quartz pendant. Copyright MFA Boston
Iconic Kerma wooden burial bed (Angaryeeb). Copyright MFA Boston
Ancient Kerma bowl kept at the MFA Boston, Running-Spiral Decoration. Source: Wikimedia commons.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wallpaper_group-pmg-4.jpg
Vessels of the Kerma culture from the island of Sai, Musee du Louvre. Source: Wikimedia
Creative Commons.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kerma_1.jpg
Kerma ware pottery jar: a squat jar with a long spout. It is handmade, with very thin walls. Source: MFA Boston. Museum number EA65577. Public Domain
https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/galleries/sudan-egypt-and-nubia
Kerma handmade pottery. Source Professor Charles Bonnet. Professor Charles Bonnet kindly gave his permission to use the photo in July 2020
Kerma magnificent pottery. Source Professor Charles Bonnet. Professor Charles Bonnet kindly gave his permission to use the photo in July 2020
Bronze tools. Source Professor Charles Bonnet. Professor Charles Bonnet kindly gave his permission to use the photo in July 2020
Miniature Dagger. Classic Kerma. Bronze, ivory, gold. MFA Boston, Public Domain.
https://collections.mfa.org/download/400582
#LostKingdoms #ProfBonnet #ZeinabBadawi #Kush #lostkingdoms #AncienEgypt #Kerma #AfricanEmpires #AncientNubia #ForgottenKingdoms #
This video is dedicated to Professor Charles Bonnet
Until the 1960s, knowledge about the Kingdom of Kerma came primarily from Ancient Egyptian records portraying Nubians as uncivilised and primitive. Historians and Egyptologists accepted Ancient Egyptians narrative and believed that Kerma was weak and dominated by Egypt. Furthermore, Egyptian records erased information about their defeat by Kerman forces.
Archaeological evidence in the late 20 th and beginning of the 21 st centuries, found evidence that proved the contrary. We now understand that Kerma was one of the great civilisations in the ancient world, one of the first kingdoms in Sub-Saharan Africa. A major political force on the Nile valley with an extensive trading network and centralised power. The Kingdom of Kerma was forceful and a threat to its northern neighbour.
License and copyright
Music. By the Sudanese Composer and Flute Artist Mr. Hafiz Abd Al Rahman. The Artist kindly gave authorization to use his music
Map. Kingdom of Kerma. Author and Copyright holder Dr Shadia Taha
Wall inlay of lion, classic Kerma period, 1700-1550 BCE, found at Kerma. Copyright Museum of Fine of Fine Arts, Boston
Sandstone stela found at Buhen. Believed to bear the image of the king of Kush resident at Kerma (1700-1570 BCE). Permission Timothy Kendal. Copyright Sudan National Museum
Model of the city of Kerma c. 2000 BC, Sudan National Museum. Source: Wikimedia commons.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Model_Kerma_capital.jpg
Kerma ancient city, Sudan. Source: Wikimedia Commons
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kerma_city.JPG
Wells. Kerma the First Kingdom of Kush. Source Professor Charles Bonnet. Professor Charles Bonnet kindly gave his permission to use the photo in July 2020
The large mud brick temple, known as the Western Deffufa in the ancient city of Kerma, Sudan. Source: Wikimedia Commons
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Western_Deffufa_-_Kerma.jpg
Blue glazed faience wall tile representing one of the local enemies of the kingdom of Kerma, from a chapel in which foreigners were shown bound together to symbolize the domination of the Kerma kingdom. Source: MFA Boston. Copyright MFA Boston. Public Domain
Head of a Ram, blue-glazed quartz are particular to Kerma artwork. The ram's head, whose blue glaze has almost totally disappeared. Source: MFA Boston, Public Domain https://collections.mfa.org/download/142655
Early Kerma (2500 to 2450 BC) The tumulus' top consists of small stone stelae and is surrounded by bucrania (bull skulls). Source: From Wikimedia Commons
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tumulus_Kerma.jpg
Belt with a glazed quartz pendant. Copyright MFA Boston
Iconic Kerma wooden burial bed (Angaryeeb). Copyright MFA Boston
Ancient Kerma bowl kept at the MFA Boston, Running-Spiral Decoration. Source: Wikimedia commons.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wallpaper_group-pmg-4.jpg
Vessels of the Kerma culture from the island of Sai, Musee du Louvre. Source: Wikimedia
Creative Commons.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kerma_1.jpg
Kerma ware pottery jar: a squat jar with a long spout. It is handmade, with very thin walls. Source: MFA Boston. Museum number EA65577. Public Domain
https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/galleries/sudan-egypt-and-nubia
Kerma handmade pottery. Source Professor Charles Bonnet. Professor Charles Bonnet kindly gave his permission to use the photo in July 2020
Kerma magnificent pottery. Source Professor Charles Bonnet. Professor Charles Bonnet kindly gave his permission to use the photo in July 2020
Bronze tools. Source Professor Charles Bonnet. Professor Charles Bonnet kindly gave his permission to use the photo in July 2020
Miniature Dagger. Classic Kerma. Bronze, ivory, gold. MFA Boston, Public Domain.
https://collections.mfa.org/download/400582
#LostKingdoms #ProfBonnet #ZeinabBadawi #Kush #lostkingdoms #AncienEgypt #Kerma #AfricanEmpires #AncientNubia #ForgottenKingdoms #
AITC and ASOR partnered with scholars of Ancient Nubia to produce a video series that can be used by educators to teach students about Nubian civilization.
AITC and ASOR partnered with scholars of Ancient Nubia to produce a video series that can be used by educators to teach students about Nubian civilization.
AITC and ASOR partnered with scholars of Ancient Nubia to produce a video series that can be used by educators to teach students about Nubian civilization.
Every. Single. Study. Kerma Culture individual of 2,000BC found to be half Levantine. What does this say about ancient Egyptians? What does this say about anc...
Every. Single. Study. Kerma Culture individual of 2,000BC found to be half Levantine. What does this say about ancient Egyptians? What does this say about ancient Nubia? Watch and find out!
Afrocentrism has no place in society. It is racist reactionary garbage.
Every. Single. Study. Kerma Culture individual of 2,000BC found to be half Levantine. What does this say about ancient Egyptians? What does this say about ancient Nubia? Watch and find out!
Afrocentrism has no place in society. It is racist reactionary garbage.
#africa #AncientKnowledge #Empires
Kingdom of Kerma
The Kingdom of Kerma was an ancient civilization that existed between 2500 BC and 1500 BC, with its capita...
#africa #AncientKnowledge #Empires
Kingdom of Kerma
The Kingdom of Kerma was an ancient civilization that existed between 2500 BC and 1500 BC, with its capital at the city of Kerma. It was located in the heart of Sudanese Nubia region of Africa.
The first documented Sub Saharan Kingdom.
The first settlement in Kerma can be traced back to the 4th millennium BC. This phase has been called ‘Pre-Kerma’. The Kingdom of Kerma, however, was established around 2500 BC. The timeline of this kingdom has been divided into three phases – Ancient / Early Kerma (around 2500 BC – 2050 BC), Middle Kerma (around 2050 BC – 1750 BC) and Classic Kerma (around 1750 BC – 1500 BC).
#StolenHistory #kemetic #kemet#AliensAmongUs #Aliens #Infowar #Magic
#africa #AncientKnowledge #Empires
Kingdom of Kerma
The Kingdom of Kerma was an ancient civilization that existed between 2500 BC and 1500 BC, with its capital at the city of Kerma. It was located in the heart of Sudanese Nubia region of Africa.
The first documented Sub Saharan Kingdom.
The first settlement in Kerma can be traced back to the 4th millennium BC. This phase has been called ‘Pre-Kerma’. The Kingdom of Kerma, however, was established around 2500 BC. The timeline of this kingdom has been divided into three phases – Ancient / Early Kerma (around 2500 BC – 2050 BC), Middle Kerma (around 2050 BC – 1750 BC) and Classic Kerma (around 1750 BC – 1500 BC).
#StolenHistory #kemetic #kemet#AliensAmongUs #Aliens #Infowar #Magic
Known to the Egyptians as Kush, which may be the indigenous name of the kingdom, the territory controlled by Kerma expanded north of the Egyptian fortresses at ...
Known to the Egyptians as Kush, which may be the indigenous name of the kingdom, the territory controlled by Kerma expanded north of the Egyptian fortresses at the 2nd cataract.
Please support us via Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sankofapanafrica?gclid=Cj0KCQiA5OuNBhCRARIsACgaiqU5sify1mNwjEDvc-y1X1be2kOEro_Ndc7-fpRA_Kz87qAf7xUuYCcaAgJQEALw_wcB Buy me a Coffee:https://www.buymeacoffee.com/DrBunmiOyinsan or Join as a YouTube member: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqSyyTlZjSXfRC5iO44tcPQ?sub_confirmation=1
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Known to the Egyptians as Kush, which may be the indigenous name of the kingdom, the territory controlled by Kerma expanded north of the Egyptian fortresses at the 2nd cataract.
Please support us via Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sankofapanafrica?gclid=Cj0KCQiA5OuNBhCRARIsACgaiqU5sify1mNwjEDvc-y1X1be2kOEro_Ndc7-fpRA_Kz87qAf7xUuYCcaAgJQEALw_wcB Buy me a Coffee:https://www.buymeacoffee.com/DrBunmiOyinsan or Join as a YouTube member: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqSyyTlZjSXfRC5iO44tcPQ?sub_confirmation=1
Visit our African children's storybook website: https://sankofastorybooks.com/
Visit our Telegram Channel: https://t.me/sankofapanafricanseries
You can now listen to our series via podcasts
Anchor - https://anchor.fm/sakonfapanafricaseries
Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/2ZbOTJx2B6E91T8NsV85M7
Breaker - https://www.breaker.audio/sankofa-pan-african-series
Google Podcast -https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy80YTA5MDgyYy9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw==
Pocket Casts - https://pca.st/46wfkp3n
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Kerma was the capital of one of the earliest Kingdoms in Africa and is a huge display of a unique and rich culture. The Kerma region is in the center of the Nubian Civilization, and spanned from the first to the sixth Nile cataracts and was located in present day Northern Sudan and Southern Egypt. Kerma Kingdom was established in around 2500 BCE, a couple of centuries after ancient Egypt. The City at it's peak rivalled the neighboring Kingdom of Egypt in it's extension. Their relations were always bittersweet as they experienced great moments where they traded and exchanged a lot of culture, while at other times, the Kingdoms went to war with each other.
Kerma is a very important civilization in the world, though very little is known about it.
▶ Βρείτε το στα ψηφιακά καταστήματα και τις streaming υπηρεσίες: https://KostasMartakis.lnk.to/Kerma
Στίχοι-Μουσική: Γιώργος Καλογεράκος
Μουσική παραγωγή-ενορχήστρωση: Γιώργος Καλογεράκος
Κιθάρες: Δημήτρης Χατζηλαζαρίδης
Recorded, mixed and mastered @718 studios (Giorgos Kalogerakos)
Σκηνοθεσία: Γιάννης Παπαδάκος
Line Producer: Ju Stamatakis
Production Assistants: Μάνος Ρέππας, Mouh Hascor
Edit: Βασίλης Τζανής
Color: Volkan Senyuz
Styling: Μιχάλης Τσούκας
Make-Up & Hair: Esther Lalousis
Backstage Photographer: Τρύφωνας Νάκης
Στίχοι:
Αν μ αγαπας πες που και ποτε
Αν με εκτιμάς όπως και τότε
Στα χέρια μου να ρθεις να πέσεις
Να σε κρατώ να μην πονέσεις
Πάρε την καρδιά μου
Πάρε το μυαλό μου
Πάρε το κορμί μου
Παρτα όλα εσυ μικρή μου
Το παιδί που αγάπησε
Το παιδί που πλήρωσε ακριβά
ένα ένα κέρμα τα αισθήματα για σένα
Τι αγάπησε
Σε ένα προδομενο έρωτα
Σε ρωτάει εσενα
Με δυο μάτια μαγεμένα
Αν μ αγαπούσες εστω λίγο
Θα με κρατούσες να μη φυγω
Σα δυο αστερια δίπλα δίπλα
Δε λάμπουν πια αυτή τη νύχτα
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#KostasMartakis #Kerma #OfficialMusicVideo
The Kingdom of Kush was a remarkable ancient civilization that flourished in northeastern Africa, along the Nile River. Situated south of ancient Egypt, Kush played a significant role in shaping the region's history and culture. This essay explores the rise, achievements, and legacy of the Kingdom of Kush, shedding light on its cultural, economic, and political contributions to the ancient world.
Geographical Location and Early History:
The Kingdom of Kush occupied the lands of present-day Sudan and parts of Egypt and Ethiopia. Its strategic location along the Nile River facilitated trade and interactions with neighboring societies. The kingdom's origins can be traced back to around 2500 BCE when it began as a Nubian kingdom, gradually growing in power and influence.
Relationship with Ancient Egypt:
Kush and ancient Egypt shared a complex and often intertwined history. At times, Kush was under the political dominance of Egypt, serving as a vassal state. However, there were also periods when Kush rose as a formidable power, conquering parts of Egypt and even ruling over the entire region. The relationship between Kush and Egypt was marked by cultural exchange, trade, and occasional conflicts, leaving a lasting impact on both civilizations.
The Kingdom's Golden Age:
The Kingdom of Kush experienced its golden age from around 750 BCE to 350 BCE, known as the Napatan and Meroitic periods. During this time, the capital city of Napata thrived as a vibrant center of trade and culture. The kingdom's wealth was derived from its control of valuable resources, such as gold, ivory, and precious woods, which were in high demand across the ancient world.
The Kushite Pharaohs and their Achievements:
One of the notable achievements of the Kingdom of Kush was the reign of its powerful pharaohs. The Kushite rulers, often referred to as the Black Pharaohs, successfully carved out a vast empire and exerted their influence beyond their borders. They left a lasting architectural legacy, notably seen in the construction of impressive pyramids and temples, reminiscent of the Egyptian style but with distinct Kushite characteristics.
Cultural Significance and Influence:
Kush's cultural influence extended beyond its own borders, enriching the wider African region. The kingdom developed a unique blend of Egyptian and indigenous Nubian traditions, shaping its distinctive artistic and architectural styles. Kushite art, characterized by its intricate and symbolic designs, influenced neighboring cultures and even inspired elements of ancient Greek and Roman art.
Religious Practices:
Religion played a vital role in the Kingdom of Kush, with the worship of traditional Nubian deities and the adoption of Egyptian gods. The most significant religious center was the temple complex of Jebel Barkal, dedicated to the Nubian god Amun. It became a prominent pilgrimage site and a symbol of Kushite religious and political authority.
Decline and Legacy:
The decline of the Kingdom of Kush began in the 4th century BCE, with the rise of the Persian Empire and later the conquest of Alexander the Great. Despite facing challenges from outside forces, Kush managed to survive for several more centuries. The kingdom's ultimate decline occurred around the 4th century CE when the Aksumite Empire of Ethiopia absorbed much of its territory.
The legacy of the Kingdom of Kush is a testament to the rich cultural heritage of Africa. Its accomplishments in architecture, trade, and governance showcased the sophistication and ingenuity of its people. Furthermore, Kush's relationship with ancient Egypt highlights the interconnectedness and cultural exchange that existed between African civilizations.
History of Ancient Nubian Kingdoms of Kerma and Kush | History series | Kingdom Of Kush |
The legendary Kingdom of Kush, with its series of capitals in what is now northern Sudan, helped define the political and cultural landscape of northeastern Africa for more than a thousand years. What was the Kingdom of Kush?
Find out on this video by Dr Bunmi Oyinsan
Subscribe to the Sankofa Pan African channel https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqSyyTlZjSXfRC5iO44tcPQ?sub_confirmation=1
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#KingdomOfKush #AncientHistory #AncientNubian
This video is dedicated to Professor Charles Bonnet
Until the 1960s, knowledge about the Kingdom of Kerma came primarily from Ancient Egyptian records portraying Nubians as uncivilised and primitive. Historians and Egyptologists accepted Ancient Egyptians narrative and believed that Kerma was weak and dominated by Egypt. Furthermore, Egyptian records erased information about their defeat by Kerman forces.
Archaeological evidence in the late 20 th and beginning of the 21 st centuries, found evidence that proved the contrary. We now understand that Kerma was one of the great civilisations in the ancient world, one of the first kingdoms in Sub-Saharan Africa. A major political force on the Nile valley with an extensive trading network and centralised power. The Kingdom of Kerma was forceful and a threat to its northern neighbour.
License and copyright
Music. By the Sudanese Composer and Flute Artist Mr. Hafiz Abd Al Rahman. The Artist kindly gave authorization to use his music
Map. Kingdom of Kerma. Author and Copyright holder Dr Shadia Taha
Wall inlay of lion, classic Kerma period, 1700-1550 BCE, found at Kerma. Copyright Museum of Fine of Fine Arts, Boston
Sandstone stela found at Buhen. Believed to bear the image of the king of Kush resident at Kerma (1700-1570 BCE). Permission Timothy Kendal. Copyright Sudan National Museum
Model of the city of Kerma c. 2000 BC, Sudan National Museum. Source: Wikimedia commons.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Model_Kerma_capital.jpg
Kerma ancient city, Sudan. Source: Wikimedia Commons
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kerma_city.JPG
Wells. Kerma the First Kingdom of Kush. Source Professor Charles Bonnet. Professor Charles Bonnet kindly gave his permission to use the photo in July 2020
The large mud brick temple, known as the Western Deffufa in the ancient city of Kerma, Sudan. Source: Wikimedia Commons
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Western_Deffufa_-_Kerma.jpg
Blue glazed faience wall tile representing one of the local enemies of the kingdom of Kerma, from a chapel in which foreigners were shown bound together to symbolize the domination of the Kerma kingdom. Source: MFA Boston. Copyright MFA Boston. Public Domain
Head of a Ram, blue-glazed quartz are particular to Kerma artwork. The ram's head, whose blue glaze has almost totally disappeared. Source: MFA Boston, Public Domain https://collections.mfa.org/download/142655
Early Kerma (2500 to 2450 BC) The tumulus' top consists of small stone stelae and is surrounded by bucrania (bull skulls). Source: From Wikimedia Commons
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tumulus_Kerma.jpg
Belt with a glazed quartz pendant. Copyright MFA Boston
Iconic Kerma wooden burial bed (Angaryeeb). Copyright MFA Boston
Ancient Kerma bowl kept at the MFA Boston, Running-Spiral Decoration. Source: Wikimedia commons.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wallpaper_group-pmg-4.jpg
Vessels of the Kerma culture from the island of Sai, Musee du Louvre. Source: Wikimedia
Creative Commons.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kerma_1.jpg
Kerma ware pottery jar: a squat jar with a long spout. It is handmade, with very thin walls. Source: MFA Boston. Museum number EA65577. Public Domain
https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/galleries/sudan-egypt-and-nubia
Kerma handmade pottery. Source Professor Charles Bonnet. Professor Charles Bonnet kindly gave his permission to use the photo in July 2020
Kerma magnificent pottery. Source Professor Charles Bonnet. Professor Charles Bonnet kindly gave his permission to use the photo in July 2020
Bronze tools. Source Professor Charles Bonnet. Professor Charles Bonnet kindly gave his permission to use the photo in July 2020
Miniature Dagger. Classic Kerma. Bronze, ivory, gold. MFA Boston, Public Domain.
https://collections.mfa.org/download/400582
#LostKingdoms #ProfBonnet #ZeinabBadawi #Kush #lostkingdoms #AncienEgypt #Kerma #AfricanEmpires #AncientNubia #ForgottenKingdoms #
AITC and ASOR partnered with scholars of Ancient Nubia to produce a video series that can be used by educators to teach students about Nubian civilization.
Every. Single. Study. Kerma Culture individual of 2,000BC found to be half Levantine. What does this say about ancient Egyptians? What does this say about ancient Nubia? Watch and find out!
Afrocentrism has no place in society. It is racist reactionary garbage.
#africa #AncientKnowledge #Empires
Kingdom of Kerma
The Kingdom of Kerma was an ancient civilization that existed between 2500 BC and 1500 BC, with its capital at the city of Kerma. It was located in the heart of Sudanese Nubia region of Africa.
The first documented Sub Saharan Kingdom.
The first settlement in Kerma can be traced back to the 4th millennium BC. This phase has been called ‘Pre-Kerma’. The Kingdom of Kerma, however, was established around 2500 BC. The timeline of this kingdom has been divided into three phases – Ancient / Early Kerma (around 2500 BC – 2050 BC), Middle Kerma (around 2050 BC – 1750 BC) and Classic Kerma (around 1750 BC – 1500 BC).
#StolenHistory #kemetic #kemet#AliensAmongUs #Aliens #Infowar #Magic
Known to the Egyptians as Kush, which may be the indigenous name of the kingdom, the territory controlled by Kerma expanded north of the Egyptian fortresses at the 2nd cataract.
Please support us via Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/sankofapanafrica?gclid=Cj0KCQiA5OuNBhCRARIsACgaiqU5sify1mNwjEDvc-y1X1be2kOEro_Ndc7-fpRA_Kz87qAf7xUuYCcaAgJQEALw_wcB Buy me a Coffee:https://www.buymeacoffee.com/DrBunmiOyinsan or Join as a YouTube member: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqSyyTlZjSXfRC5iO44tcPQ?sub_confirmation=1
Visit our African children's storybook website: https://sankofastorybooks.com/
Visit our Telegram Channel: https://t.me/sankofapanafricanseries
You can now listen to our series via podcasts
Anchor - https://anchor.fm/sakonfapanafricaseries
Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/2ZbOTJx2B6E91T8NsV85M7
Breaker - https://www.breaker.audio/sankofa-pan-african-series
Google Podcast -https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy80YTA5MDgyYy9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw==
Pocket Casts - https://pca.st/46wfkp3n
Radio Republic - https://radiopublic.com/sankofa-pan-african-series-WeR0A
Kerma (also known as Dukki Gel) was the capital city of the Kingdom of Kerma, which was located in present day Sudan at least 5,500 years ago. Kerma is one of the largest archaeological sites in ancient Nubia. It has produced decades of extensive excavations and research, including thousands of graves and tombs and the residential quarters of the main city surrounding the Western/Lower Deffufa.
Around 3000 BC, a cultural tradition began around Kerma. It was a large urban center that was built around a large mud brick temple, known as the Western Deffufa.
As a capital city and location of royal burials, it sheds light on the complex social structure present in this society.
One summer day she went away Gone and left me, she's gone to stay She's gone, I don't worry I'm sitting on top of the world All the summer worked all this fall Had to take Christmas in my overalls She's gone, but I don't worry I'm sitting on top of the world Going down to the freight yard Gonna catch me a freight train Going to leave this town Worked and got to home She's gone, but I don't worry