After the 1984 election, there was an awkward transfer of power from the outgoing Third National government to the new Fourth Labour government in the midst of a financial crisis. Outgoing Prime Minister Sir Robert Muldoon was unwilling initially to accept instructions from the incoming Prime Minister-elect David Lange to devalue the currency. Eventually he relented, but only after his own party caucus had threatened to replace him.
An Officials Committee on Constitutional Reform was established by the Labour Government to review New Zealand's constitutional law, and the Constitution Act resulted from two reports by this Committee. The issue of the transfer of power from incumbent to elect governments (and hence prime ministers) was not resolved by this Act, however, and the transfer of executive powers remains an unwritten constitutional convention, known as the 'caretaker convention'.
The long title of the Act was "An Act to Grant a Representative Constitution to the Colony of New Zealand". The Act received the Royal Assent on 30 June 1852.
Background
The New Zealand Company, which was established in 1839, proposed that New Zealand should have representative institutions, and this was consistent with the findings of the Durham Report, which was commissioned during 1838 following minor rebellions in Upper and Lower Canada. The first settlement of the company, Wellington, briefly had its own elected council during 1840, which dissolved itself on the instruction of Lieutenant Governor William Hobson. The first New Zealand Constitution Act was passed in 1846, though Governor George Grey was opposed to its proposed division of the country into European and Māori districts. As a result, almost all of the Act was suspended for six years pending the new Act of 1852, the only operative part of the 1846 Act being the creation of New Zealand's first provinces, New Ulster Province and New Munster Province. In the meantime, Grey drafted his own Act which established both provincial and central representative assemblies, allowed for Māori districts and an elected Governor. Only the latter proposal was rejected by the Parliament of the United Kingdom when it adopted Grey's constitution.
The Constitution Act, 1867 (originally enacted as The British North America Act, 1867, and referred to as the BNA Act), is a major part of Canada's Constitution. The Act created a federaldominion and defines much of the operation of the Government of Canada, including its federal structure, the House of Commons, the Senate, the justice system, and the taxation system. The British North America Acts, including this Act, were renamed in 1982 with the patriation of the Constitution (originally enacted by the British Parliament); however, it is still known by its original name in United Kingdom records. Amendments were also made at this time: section 92A was added, giving provinces greater control over non-renewable natural resources.
The Constitution Act, 1982 (Schedule B of the Canada Act 1982 (UK)) is a part of the Constitution of Canada. The act was introduced as part of Canada's process of patriating the constitution, introducing several amendments to the British North America Act, 1867, and changing the latter's name in Canada to the Constitution Act, 1867. Elizabeth II, as Queen of Canada, brought the act into effect with a proclamation she signed in Ottawa on April 17, 1982.
As of 2015, the government of Quebec has never formally approved of the enactment of the act, though formal consent was never necessary. Nonetheless, it has remained a persistent political issue in Quebec. The Meech Lake and Charlottetown Accords were designed to secure approval from Quebec, but both efforts failed to do so.
Charter of Rights and Freedoms
The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is a bill of rights. The Charter is intended to protect certain political and civil rights of people in Canada from the policies and actions of all levels of government. It is also supposed to unify Canadians around a set of principles that embody those rights. The Charter was preceded by the Canadian Bill of Rights, which was introduced by the government of John Diefenbaker in 1960. However, the Bill of Rights was only a federal statute, rather than a constitutional document. Therefore, it was limited in scope and was easily amendable. This motivated some within government to improve rights protections in Canada. The movement for human rights and freedoms that emerged after World War II also wanted to entrench the principles enunciated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Hence, the government of Prime MinisterPierre Trudeau enacted the Charter in 1982.
Constitution of Canada - Part 1(A bit of history, What is a constitution, Amending the constitution)
DISCLAIMER: This video is created and made available for educational purposes only. The author does not represent or warrant the accuracy or reliability of the content. Do not rely on any of the content as legal or financial advice. Always consult a legal or financial professional before entering into any transactions or arrangements.
published: 07 Sep 2020
Canada's Constitution is Weird
Canada has a strange constitution that's really new, really long, really hard to understand, and almost impossible to change. It was created in 1982 when Canada became independent from Great Britain. Thanks Britain! Thanks Trudeau!
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HASHTAGS:
#canada #constitution #canadianhistory
published: 04 Jan 2020
What was Canada's Constitution 1867 1982?
When Was The Constitution Written Canada
00:00 - What was Canada's Constitution 1867 1982?
00:31 - What is the difference between Constitution Act, 1867 and 1982?
01:01 - What are Canada's 2 constitutions called?
published: 10 Mar 2023
Constitution Act 1867 - Overview
As best as I can determine under the provisions set out under the Constitution Act 1867, All Law of Canada, regardless of geographical territorial jurisdiction is in Federal Authority.
If correct, then All Law of Canada, including your municipality is in Federal Jurisdiction which means All Law of Canada is limited with the provisions set out under the Canadian Bill of Rights 1960.
If interested in joining an interactive study group dedicated to Canadian Law Study Group on Telegram @ https://t.me/+8s-FMDc932NkYWY5
Do you want to buy be a coffee?: paypal.me/AmandaRidding.
DISCLAIMER: All content is for information purposes only and not to be construed as legal advice. Please qualify the information with your own research or with a registered legal professional.
published: 16 Aug 2022
Does Canada have a Constitution - Constitution Act 1867 - Creation of Canada's Justice System
PLEASE LIKE, SUBSCRIBE AND SHARE!
The biggest trick the devil ever pulled was convincing the world he didn't exist, likewise
the biggest trick the infiltrators ever pulled was convincing Canadians Our Constitution doesn't exist.
You have to do your own due diligence, but here's my viewpoint. The Constitution Act 1867, establishes the freest of Nations, not governed by sovereign authority, but by We the People. We are self-governing!
Any one, acting as an elected representative, who has entered into any agreement with any foreign entity following both the Constitution's creation and the representatives election, which is against the interests of those they represent may be void or voidable, but the original agreement remains intact so long as We the People elect Our representatives t...
published: 24 Jan 2023
British North America Act: Understanding the Law that Established Canada as Self-Governing Dominion
Learn about the British North America Act, a law passed in 1867 that established the Dominion of Canada as a self-governing entity within the British Empire. This e-learning video will cover the history, principles, and impact of the British North America Act on the formation of Canada as a nation and its constitutional development. Discover the key figures and events that shaped the law and its evolution, as well as its relationship with other colonial laws and the British government. By the end of this video, you will have a deeper understanding of the British North America Act and its role in shaping the formation of Canada as an independent nation.
published: 23 Jan 2023
Constitutional Act 1867
Video project for Legal Research
published: 03 Nov 2015
GeoMinute: The signing of the Proclamation of the Constitution Act, 1982
On April 17, 1982, Queen Elizabeth II signed Canada’s new Constitution, giving the country the power to change the document without Britain’s approval. This was the final step to Canada’s complete independence, while preserving Elizabeth’s role as Queen of Canada, and the nation’s Head of State.
Credits:
• Queen Victoria by A. Bassano, 1882. Wikimedia Commons.
• The British North America Act, 1867. Canadiana/Library and Archives Canada.
• Map of Canada. Envato Elements.
• Emblem of Queen Elizabeth’s 70th Jubilee. Government of Canada.
• House of Parliament, London. Wikimedia Commons/Library of Congress (Frank and Frances Carpenter Collection/cph.3a47485).
• Statute of Westminster, 1931. Wikimedia Commons/United Kingdom Government.
• Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (1837-1952). W...
published: 19 Apr 2022
The Words That Shaped Canada: The British North America Act
Confederation? Constitution? How does it all work together? Trace the story of how Canada and its Parliament began.
DISCLAIMER: This video is created and made available for educational purposes only. The author does not represent or warrant the accuracy or reliability of th...
DISCLAIMER: This video is created and made available for educational purposes only. The author does not represent or warrant the accuracy or reliability of the content. Do not rely on any of the content as legal or financial advice. Always consult a legal or financial professional before entering into any transactions or arrangements.
DISCLAIMER: This video is created and made available for educational purposes only. The author does not represent or warrant the accuracy or reliability of the content. Do not rely on any of the content as legal or financial advice. Always consult a legal or financial professional before entering into any transactions or arrangements.
Canada has a strange constitution that's really new, really long, really hard to understand, and almost impossible to change. It was created in 1982 when Canada...
Canada has a strange constitution that's really new, really long, really hard to understand, and almost impossible to change. It was created in 1982 when Canada became independent from Great Britain. Thanks Britain! Thanks Trudeau!
SUBSCRIBE: https://www.youtube.com/jjmccullough?sub_confirmation=1
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🤖Join my Discord! https://discord.gg/3X64ww7
👾Watch me on Twitch! https://www.twitch.tv/jj_mccullough
🇺🇸Follow me on Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/jjmccullough/
🇨🇦Read my latest Washington Post columns: https://www.washingtonpost.com/people/jj-mccullough
🇨🇦Visit my Canada Website http://thecanadaguide.com
HASHTAGS:
#canada #constitution #canadianhistory
Canada has a strange constitution that's really new, really long, really hard to understand, and almost impossible to change. It was created in 1982 when Canada became independent from Great Britain. Thanks Britain! Thanks Trudeau!
SUBSCRIBE: https://www.youtube.com/jjmccullough?sub_confirmation=1
FOLLOW ME:
🇨🇦Support me on Patreon! https://www.patreon.com/jjmccullough
🤖Join my Discord! https://discord.gg/3X64ww7
👾Watch me on Twitch! https://www.twitch.tv/jj_mccullough
🇺🇸Follow me on Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/jjmccullough/
🇨🇦Read my latest Washington Post columns: https://www.washingtonpost.com/people/jj-mccullough
🇨🇦Visit my Canada Website http://thecanadaguide.com
HASHTAGS:
#canada #constitution #canadianhistory
When Was The Constitution Written Canada
00:00 - What was Canada's Constitution 1867 1982?
00:31 - What is the difference between Constitution Act, 1867 and 19...
When Was The Constitution Written Canada
00:00 - What was Canada's Constitution 1867 1982?
00:31 - What is the difference between Constitution Act, 1867 and 1982?
01:01 - What are Canada's 2 constitutions called?
When Was The Constitution Written Canada
00:00 - What was Canada's Constitution 1867 1982?
00:31 - What is the difference between Constitution Act, 1867 and 1982?
01:01 - What are Canada's 2 constitutions called?
As best as I can determine under the provisions set out under the Constitution Act 1867, All Law of Canada, regardless of geographical territorial jurisdiction ...
As best as I can determine under the provisions set out under the Constitution Act 1867, All Law of Canada, regardless of geographical territorial jurisdiction is in Federal Authority.
If correct, then All Law of Canada, including your municipality is in Federal Jurisdiction which means All Law of Canada is limited with the provisions set out under the Canadian Bill of Rights 1960.
If interested in joining an interactive study group dedicated to Canadian Law Study Group on Telegram @ https://t.me/+8s-FMDc932NkYWY5
Do you want to buy be a coffee?: paypal.me/AmandaRidding.
DISCLAIMER: All content is for information purposes only and not to be construed as legal advice. Please qualify the information with your own research or with a registered legal professional.
As best as I can determine under the provisions set out under the Constitution Act 1867, All Law of Canada, regardless of geographical territorial jurisdiction is in Federal Authority.
If correct, then All Law of Canada, including your municipality is in Federal Jurisdiction which means All Law of Canada is limited with the provisions set out under the Canadian Bill of Rights 1960.
If interested in joining an interactive study group dedicated to Canadian Law Study Group on Telegram @ https://t.me/+8s-FMDc932NkYWY5
Do you want to buy be a coffee?: paypal.me/AmandaRidding.
DISCLAIMER: All content is for information purposes only and not to be construed as legal advice. Please qualify the information with your own research or with a registered legal professional.
PLEASE LIKE, SUBSCRIBE AND SHARE!
The biggest trick the devil ever pulled was convincing the world he didn't exist, likewise
the biggest trick the infiltrators...
PLEASE LIKE, SUBSCRIBE AND SHARE!
The biggest trick the devil ever pulled was convincing the world he didn't exist, likewise
the biggest trick the infiltrators ever pulled was convincing Canadians Our Constitution doesn't exist.
You have to do your own due diligence, but here's my viewpoint. The Constitution Act 1867, establishes the freest of Nations, not governed by sovereign authority, but by We the People. We are self-governing!
Any one, acting as an elected representative, who has entered into any agreement with any foreign entity following both the Constitution's creation and the representatives election, which is against the interests of those they represent may be void or voidable, but the original agreement remains intact so long as We the People elect Our representatives to serve the People.
This video explores the character of justices of the peace in relation to their authority to permissively preside in the Ontario court of Justice over the Provincial Offences Act, and in relation to their authority under the Lieutenant Governor established in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario is inconsistent with the provisions set out in the Constitution Act 1867.
Found the Case Law to Support the argument. A Superior Court has "inherent jurisdiction" that is derived from s. 96 of the Constitution Act, 1867. This is also referred to as “original and plenary jurisdiction”. This means that the Superior Court has jurisdiction over all civil and criminal matters unless expressly removed by statute. However, the “core powers” of the superior court cannot be removed by statute without violating s.96 of the Constitution Act 1867, (from "criminalnotebook" synopsis of (MacMillan Bloedel Ltd. v. Simpson, 1995 CanLII 57 (SCC), [1995] 4 SCR 725)
[email protected]
Do you want to buy be a coffee?: paypal.me/AmandaRidding. All gifts are greatly appreciated and may go towards supporting out of pocket expenses, pursuant to research and distribution of research materials.
DISCLAIMER: All content is for information purposes only and not to be construed as legal advice. Please qualify the information with your own research or with a licensed legal professional.
PLEASE LIKE, SUBSCRIBE AND SHARE!
The biggest trick the devil ever pulled was convincing the world he didn't exist, likewise
the biggest trick the infiltrators ever pulled was convincing Canadians Our Constitution doesn't exist.
You have to do your own due diligence, but here's my viewpoint. The Constitution Act 1867, establishes the freest of Nations, not governed by sovereign authority, but by We the People. We are self-governing!
Any one, acting as an elected representative, who has entered into any agreement with any foreign entity following both the Constitution's creation and the representatives election, which is against the interests of those they represent may be void or voidable, but the original agreement remains intact so long as We the People elect Our representatives to serve the People.
This video explores the character of justices of the peace in relation to their authority to permissively preside in the Ontario court of Justice over the Provincial Offences Act, and in relation to their authority under the Lieutenant Governor established in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario is inconsistent with the provisions set out in the Constitution Act 1867.
Found the Case Law to Support the argument. A Superior Court has "inherent jurisdiction" that is derived from s. 96 of the Constitution Act, 1867. This is also referred to as “original and plenary jurisdiction”. This means that the Superior Court has jurisdiction over all civil and criminal matters unless expressly removed by statute. However, the “core powers” of the superior court cannot be removed by statute without violating s.96 of the Constitution Act 1867, (from "criminalnotebook" synopsis of (MacMillan Bloedel Ltd. v. Simpson, 1995 CanLII 57 (SCC), [1995] 4 SCR 725)
[email protected]
Do you want to buy be a coffee?: paypal.me/AmandaRidding. All gifts are greatly appreciated and may go towards supporting out of pocket expenses, pursuant to research and distribution of research materials.
DISCLAIMER: All content is for information purposes only and not to be construed as legal advice. Please qualify the information with your own research or with a licensed legal professional.
Learn about the British North America Act, a law passed in 1867 that established the Dominion of Canada as a self-governing entity within the British Empire. Th...
Learn about the British North America Act, a law passed in 1867 that established the Dominion of Canada as a self-governing entity within the British Empire. This e-learning video will cover the history, principles, and impact of the British North America Act on the formation of Canada as a nation and its constitutional development. Discover the key figures and events that shaped the law and its evolution, as well as its relationship with other colonial laws and the British government. By the end of this video, you will have a deeper understanding of the British North America Act and its role in shaping the formation of Canada as an independent nation.
Learn about the British North America Act, a law passed in 1867 that established the Dominion of Canada as a self-governing entity within the British Empire. This e-learning video will cover the history, principles, and impact of the British North America Act on the formation of Canada as a nation and its constitutional development. Discover the key figures and events that shaped the law and its evolution, as well as its relationship with other colonial laws and the British government. By the end of this video, you will have a deeper understanding of the British North America Act and its role in shaping the formation of Canada as an independent nation.
On April 17, 1982, Queen Elizabeth II signed Canada’s new Constitution, giving the country the power to change the document without Britain’s approval. This was...
On April 17, 1982, Queen Elizabeth II signed Canada’s new Constitution, giving the country the power to change the document without Britain’s approval. This was the final step to Canada’s complete independence, while preserving Elizabeth’s role as Queen of Canada, and the nation’s Head of State.
Credits:
• Queen Victoria by A. Bassano, 1882. Wikimedia Commons.
• The British North America Act, 1867. Canadiana/Library and Archives Canada.
• Map of Canada. Envato Elements.
• Emblem of Queen Elizabeth’s 70th Jubilee. Government of Canada.
• House of Parliament, London. Wikimedia Commons/Library of Congress (Frank and Frances Carpenter Collection/cph.3a47485).
• Statute of Westminster, 1931. Wikimedia Commons/United Kingdom Government.
• Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (1837-1952). Wikimedia Commons/Sodacan.
• Queen Elizabeth signing Canada's constitutional proclamation in Ottawa, April 17, 1982. The Canadian Press (CP2873167)
• Canadian Constitution. The Canadian Press (CP2546196).
• Pierre-Elliot Trudeau signing Canada's constitutional proclamation in Ottawa, April 17, 1982. Ottawa Citizen, a division of Postmedia Network Inc./Wayne Cuddington.
• Queen Elizabeth and Prince Philip in the Senate Chambers, Ottawa. The Canadian Press (CP2678101).
• Centre Block, Parliament Hill, Ottawa. iStock/pgiam.
• Flag of Queen Elizabeth II for personal use in Canada. Wikimedia Commons.
In 2022, Canada is celebrating the Platinum Jubilee of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, marking the 70th anniversary of her accession to the throne. She is Canada’s longest reigning sovereign and the first to celebrate a platinum jubilee. Throughout the Platinum Jubilee year, the RCGS and Canadian Geographic are releasing a number of commemorative pieces exploring the Crown’s role throughout Canadian history.
This project has been made possible in part by the Government of Canada.
On April 17, 1982, Queen Elizabeth II signed Canada’s new Constitution, giving the country the power to change the document without Britain’s approval. This was the final step to Canada’s complete independence, while preserving Elizabeth’s role as Queen of Canada, and the nation’s Head of State.
Credits:
• Queen Victoria by A. Bassano, 1882. Wikimedia Commons.
• The British North America Act, 1867. Canadiana/Library and Archives Canada.
• Map of Canada. Envato Elements.
• Emblem of Queen Elizabeth’s 70th Jubilee. Government of Canada.
• House of Parliament, London. Wikimedia Commons/Library of Congress (Frank and Frances Carpenter Collection/cph.3a47485).
• Statute of Westminster, 1931. Wikimedia Commons/United Kingdom Government.
• Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (1837-1952). Wikimedia Commons/Sodacan.
• Queen Elizabeth signing Canada's constitutional proclamation in Ottawa, April 17, 1982. The Canadian Press (CP2873167)
• Canadian Constitution. The Canadian Press (CP2546196).
• Pierre-Elliot Trudeau signing Canada's constitutional proclamation in Ottawa, April 17, 1982. Ottawa Citizen, a division of Postmedia Network Inc./Wayne Cuddington.
• Queen Elizabeth and Prince Philip in the Senate Chambers, Ottawa. The Canadian Press (CP2678101).
• Centre Block, Parliament Hill, Ottawa. iStock/pgiam.
• Flag of Queen Elizabeth II for personal use in Canada. Wikimedia Commons.
In 2022, Canada is celebrating the Platinum Jubilee of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, marking the 70th anniversary of her accession to the throne. She is Canada’s longest reigning sovereign and the first to celebrate a platinum jubilee. Throughout the Platinum Jubilee year, the RCGS and Canadian Geographic are releasing a number of commemorative pieces exploring the Crown’s role throughout Canadian history.
This project has been made possible in part by the Government of Canada.
DISCLAIMER: This video is created and made available for educational purposes only. The author does not represent or warrant the accuracy or reliability of the content. Do not rely on any of the content as legal or financial advice. Always consult a legal or financial professional before entering into any transactions or arrangements.
Canada has a strange constitution that's really new, really long, really hard to understand, and almost impossible to change. It was created in 1982 when Canada became independent from Great Britain. Thanks Britain! Thanks Trudeau!
SUBSCRIBE: https://www.youtube.com/jjmccullough?sub_confirmation=1
FOLLOW ME:
🇨🇦Support me on Patreon! https://www.patreon.com/jjmccullough
🤖Join my Discord! https://discord.gg/3X64ww7
👾Watch me on Twitch! https://www.twitch.tv/jj_mccullough
🇺🇸Follow me on Instagram! https://www.instagram.com/jjmccullough/
🇨🇦Read my latest Washington Post columns: https://www.washingtonpost.com/people/jj-mccullough
🇨🇦Visit my Canada Website http://thecanadaguide.com
HASHTAGS:
#canada #constitution #canadianhistory
When Was The Constitution Written Canada
00:00 - What was Canada's Constitution 1867 1982?
00:31 - What is the difference between Constitution Act, 1867 and 1982?
01:01 - What are Canada's 2 constitutions called?
As best as I can determine under the provisions set out under the Constitution Act 1867, All Law of Canada, regardless of geographical territorial jurisdiction is in Federal Authority.
If correct, then All Law of Canada, including your municipality is in Federal Jurisdiction which means All Law of Canada is limited with the provisions set out under the Canadian Bill of Rights 1960.
If interested in joining an interactive study group dedicated to Canadian Law Study Group on Telegram @ https://t.me/+8s-FMDc932NkYWY5
Do you want to buy be a coffee?: paypal.me/AmandaRidding.
DISCLAIMER: All content is for information purposes only and not to be construed as legal advice. Please qualify the information with your own research or with a registered legal professional.
PLEASE LIKE, SUBSCRIBE AND SHARE!
The biggest trick the devil ever pulled was convincing the world he didn't exist, likewise
the biggest trick the infiltrators ever pulled was convincing Canadians Our Constitution doesn't exist.
You have to do your own due diligence, but here's my viewpoint. The Constitution Act 1867, establishes the freest of Nations, not governed by sovereign authority, but by We the People. We are self-governing!
Any one, acting as an elected representative, who has entered into any agreement with any foreign entity following both the Constitution's creation and the representatives election, which is against the interests of those they represent may be void or voidable, but the original agreement remains intact so long as We the People elect Our representatives to serve the People.
This video explores the character of justices of the peace in relation to their authority to permissively preside in the Ontario court of Justice over the Provincial Offences Act, and in relation to their authority under the Lieutenant Governor established in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario is inconsistent with the provisions set out in the Constitution Act 1867.
Found the Case Law to Support the argument. A Superior Court has "inherent jurisdiction" that is derived from s. 96 of the Constitution Act, 1867. This is also referred to as “original and plenary jurisdiction”. This means that the Superior Court has jurisdiction over all civil and criminal matters unless expressly removed by statute. However, the “core powers” of the superior court cannot be removed by statute without violating s.96 of the Constitution Act 1867, (from "criminalnotebook" synopsis of (MacMillan Bloedel Ltd. v. Simpson, 1995 CanLII 57 (SCC), [1995] 4 SCR 725)
[email protected]
Do you want to buy be a coffee?: paypal.me/AmandaRidding. All gifts are greatly appreciated and may go towards supporting out of pocket expenses, pursuant to research and distribution of research materials.
DISCLAIMER: All content is for information purposes only and not to be construed as legal advice. Please qualify the information with your own research or with a licensed legal professional.
Learn about the British North America Act, a law passed in 1867 that established the Dominion of Canada as a self-governing entity within the British Empire. This e-learning video will cover the history, principles, and impact of the British North America Act on the formation of Canada as a nation and its constitutional development. Discover the key figures and events that shaped the law and its evolution, as well as its relationship with other colonial laws and the British government. By the end of this video, you will have a deeper understanding of the British North America Act and its role in shaping the formation of Canada as an independent nation.
On April 17, 1982, Queen Elizabeth II signed Canada’s new Constitution, giving the country the power to change the document without Britain’s approval. This was the final step to Canada’s complete independence, while preserving Elizabeth’s role as Queen of Canada, and the nation’s Head of State.
Credits:
• Queen Victoria by A. Bassano, 1882. Wikimedia Commons.
• The British North America Act, 1867. Canadiana/Library and Archives Canada.
• Map of Canada. Envato Elements.
• Emblem of Queen Elizabeth’s 70th Jubilee. Government of Canada.
• House of Parliament, London. Wikimedia Commons/Library of Congress (Frank and Frances Carpenter Collection/cph.3a47485).
• Statute of Westminster, 1931. Wikimedia Commons/United Kingdom Government.
• Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (1837-1952). Wikimedia Commons/Sodacan.
• Queen Elizabeth signing Canada's constitutional proclamation in Ottawa, April 17, 1982. The Canadian Press (CP2873167)
• Canadian Constitution. The Canadian Press (CP2546196).
• Pierre-Elliot Trudeau signing Canada's constitutional proclamation in Ottawa, April 17, 1982. Ottawa Citizen, a division of Postmedia Network Inc./Wayne Cuddington.
• Queen Elizabeth and Prince Philip in the Senate Chambers, Ottawa. The Canadian Press (CP2678101).
• Centre Block, Parliament Hill, Ottawa. iStock/pgiam.
• Flag of Queen Elizabeth II for personal use in Canada. Wikimedia Commons.
In 2022, Canada is celebrating the Platinum Jubilee of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, marking the 70th anniversary of her accession to the throne. She is Canada’s longest reigning sovereign and the first to celebrate a platinum jubilee. Throughout the Platinum Jubilee year, the RCGS and Canadian Geographic are releasing a number of commemorative pieces exploring the Crown’s role throughout Canadian history.
This project has been made possible in part by the Government of Canada.
After the 1984 election, there was an awkward transfer of power from the outgoing Third National government to the new Fourth Labour government in the midst of a financial crisis. Outgoing Prime Minister Sir Robert Muldoon was unwilling initially to accept instructions from the incoming Prime Minister-elect David Lange to devalue the currency. Eventually he relented, but only after his own party caucus had threatened to replace him.
An Officials Committee on Constitutional Reform was established by the Labour Government to review New Zealand's constitutional law, and the Constitution Act resulted from two reports by this Committee. The issue of the transfer of power from incumbent to elect governments (and hence prime ministers) was not resolved by this Act, however, and the transfer of executive powers remains an unwritten constitutional convention, known as the 'caretaker convention'.