Video & Streaming #

…Psst, if you’re on this page, you may be interested in My blog post on Video Synthesis

Cameras #

If you’re like most people, the best camera you own is probably your phone camera. You can use something like DroidCam to use your phone camera, but this actually has a multitude of negative side effects - most notably, your phone may not be able to sustain having the camera open without getting uncomfortably hot. So, what should you get?

I don’t want to recommend any one product or do a good / better / best with links as that will surely get out of date. What I can say is do not shop by resolution. A lower resolution camera with a bigger sensor and good lens will absolutely wreck a lower end camera. So, what you should really look for is video examples and see how what you’re looking at actually performs.

There are generally three tiers of camera setups:

Worst: Literally any Logitech Webcam

Meh: Higher end streamer webcams (AVerMedia PW513, Elgato Facecam, etc.)

Best: Capture card with a real camera … assuming said camera has the ability to do live output

That said, you may not actually need that good of a camera! If you’re only streaming games with a tiny square in the corner showing your face, then it really doesn’t matter unless it’s offensively bad, in which case even the Logitech Webcam will work.

Lighting #

Generally, when setting up light you should have three things in mind:

1. Are these lights decent quality?

This may sound obvious, but it’s no as simple as “Oh! They’re Phillips Hue™ They must be good!” What you should really look for is their Color Rendering Index. Generally, you should be looking for CRI 95 lights, as they’re not crazy expensive now and the difference is noticeable, even over CRI 80s which are more common. “But what the fuck is CRI?” I hear you asking? Well, you know how when you shine white light through a prism it makes a rainbow? Well, a lot of “white” lights cheat, and you’d actually see some bands missing or a lot of thin strips. These still visually look white, but tend to make everything captured on camera look worse - especially pale skin.

2. Are There enough, diffused, light sources

Normally, you’ll want to have a lot of diffusion of light in your room. This means that light gets bounced around a lot and there are a lot of ways for the light to reach the subject (probably your face). This is what those big umbrella and tent looking things on old photo booth setups are for. In a bedroom-recording setup, a good middle ground is to just use a boat load of lamps and small lights. If you can get away with using diffusion material and special lights, go for it.

3. Do you want lighting to set a mood … and are you committed to it?

Breaking the rules of the above, you might want to use lighting to your benefit to change the mood. Maybe use red lighting when playing a horror game, or blue when playing a game underwater. However, before you commit to actually recording with a different colored light, you should decide if you want to actually do it with real lights or if you’d rather just edit the video’s color and tone in post.

Voice #

For the people who don’t want to get a full background in audio production but want their voice to sound good for a podcast or stream, here’s the important bits.

1. A good effects chain can make a bad mic sound tolerable.
2. A good effects chain can make a $100 mic and a $3000 indistinguishable.
3. Audio is more important than video - bad sound makes people click away.
4. The way you talk will make a bigger difference than replacing your mic - Speak with enthusiasm and direction.
5. Put your mic on an arm with shock absorption so not everybody can hear you type.
6. You’ll want a pop filter on your mic to remove the sound of ‘Puh’, ‘Buh’, ‘Kuh’, - the sounds that blow air out.
7. You’ll want a De-Esser to chill out the ‘S’ sounds.
8. Don’t over use the De-Esser or you’ll end sound like you have a Lisp.
9. You’ll want a compressor to chill out peaks and bring up quiet parts.
10. Don’t rely on the compressor to prevent all peaks or handle you being further from the mic. Use a limiter if you have to.
11. EQ. EQ. EQ. The biggest difference you can make to your sound (and to make a bad mic sound good) is to EQ.
12. Don’t over do it with the EQ.
13. De-Noise. Nobody wants to hear your AC in the background.
14. Sidechain. When you talk, everything else should get quieter.
15. Dampen reflections in the room. You absolutely should not cover everything in acoustic foam.

Okay, so, what to actually do for each? First, grab the ReaPlugs VST plugin pack from https://www.reaper.fm/reaplugs/

1 & 2: Buy a decent mic when you can. Research the differences, particularly Cardioid vs Dynamic. 3: Give a shit about your audio. 4: Be excited and talk like you’re a radio talk show host. 5: Buy a mic arm. Cheap ones are like $15. 6: Buy a pop filter - though a decent mic probably comes with one. 7 & 8: Use any De-Essing plugin you want. These can either run live or be applied in post. See How To Remove Sibilants From Your Live Streams (YouTube, Atomic Overdrive). You can use ReaXComp if you think you know what you’re doing. 9 & 10: Compression - Use literally any compressor. Ratio of 3 to 4, threshold around -20dB, 5-ish ms attack, release around 80ms. Apply any gain needed before the compressor. Use ReaComp, not OBS’s, as OBS’s is a PITA to see if it’s working. 11 & 12: EQ- See Reaper Equalizer Obs Studio For Better Voice Quality (YouTube, PlentAZach). Use ReaEQ. 13: De-Noise - If you’ve used Discord, you know what the de-noising does, and that it’s basically magic. In OBS there should be a built-in Noise Suppression Audio Filter. Google how to set that up. Note, that if you don’t have a newer Nvidia GPU that can offload this it might be sort of intense on your CPU. 14: Sidechain - See Keep your Stream Sound BALANCED with OBS Audio Ducking (YouTube, EposVox) 15: Reflections - See 3 Steps to SOUND like a PRO on Stream! (YouTube, EposVox) - but generally, just put a lot of weird shaped shit everywhere in the room. Clutter is good in this case.

This is pretty much everything you should need to know for streaming or recording vocals.

Recording #

Streaming #

If you’re following along with the rest of OpGuides and have joined me in using Arch Linux and you happen to be using an AMD GPU, you’ll need to tweak some settings in OBS

Settings→Output→Streaming→set ‘Encoder’ to ‘FFMPEG VAAPI’, then to make that work and not just throw errors, you’ll need the libva and libva-mesa-driver. You’ll probably want Settings→Output→Recording set to ‘Standard’, the encoder to be ‘use Stream Encoder’ and keep the format as mkv.

These settings aren’t necessarily the best for quality, but they should prevent eating your CPU from being overloaded

Visualization Software/Tools #

Note that most of the fancy music animations you see on YouTube are probably made in Adobe After Effects, with the exception of some that are done in programs like TouchDesigner or other node-based programming environments. You can read more about these in Design Chapter 6 - Generative Tools

Some people also use hardware such as the Sleepy Circuits ‘Hypno’ or Critter & Guitari ‘Eyesy’ - though both of these platforms are really just running a Raspberry Pi (a lil’ computer) under the hood.

On very rare occasion you may also see some outright analog video synthesis, but this is generally very, very expensive. Just search YouTube for ‘Analog Video Synthesizer’.

I also recommend making your visuals in weirder ways. Here are some videos with visuals I really like:

• Max Cooper - Aleph 2 (Official Video by Martin Krzywinski)

Other people talking about their setups #

EposVox is a great YouTube channel for learning about streaming stuff