Isotopen van zilver
Het chemisch element zilver (Ag), met een atoommassa van 107,8682(2) u, bezit 2 stabiele isotopen: 107Ag en 109Ag, waarvan de eerste het meest abundant is (ongeveer 52%). Beide stabiele zilverisotopen zouden in staat zijn spontane splijting te ondergaan. De overige 28 radio-isotopen zijn onstabiel en hebben een relatief korte halveringstijd (de meeste minder dan een seconde).
De kortstlevende isotoop van zilver is 93Ag, met een halfwaardetijd van ongeveer 5 milliseconden. De langstlevende is 105Ag, met een halfwaardetijd van 41,29 dagen.
Overzicht
[bewerken | brontekst bewerken]| Nuclide | Z (p) | N (n) | Isotopische massa (u) | Halveringstijd | Radioactief verval | VP | Kernspin | Isotopische verhouding (molfractie) |
Natuurlijk voorkomen (molfractie) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Excitatie-energie | |||||||||
| 93Ag | 47 | 46 | 92,94978(64) | 5 ms | 9/2+ | ||||
| 94Ag | 47 | 47 | 93,94278(54) | 37(18) ms | β+ | 94Pd | 0+ | ||
| 94m1Ag | 1350(400) keV | 422(16) ms | β+ (> 99,9%) | 94Pd | (7+) | ||||
| β+, p (< 0,1%) | 93Rh | ||||||||
| 94m2Ag | 6500(2000) keV | 300(200) ms | (21+) | ||||||
| 95Ag | 47 | 48 | 94,93548(43) | 1,74(13) s | β+ (> 99,9%) | 95Pd | (9/2+) | ||
| β+, p (< 0,1%) | 94Rh | ||||||||
| 95m1Ag | 344,2(3) keV | < 0,5 s | (1/2−) | ||||||
| 95m2Ag | 2531(1) keV | < 16 ms | (23/2+) | ||||||
| 95m3Ag | 4859(1) keV | < 40 ms | (37/2+) | ||||||
| 96Ag | 47 | 49 | 95,93068(43) | 4,45(4) s | β+ (96,3%) | 96Pd | (8+) | ||
| β+, p (3,7%) | 95Rh | ||||||||
| 96m1Ag | 0(50) keV | 6,9(6) s | (2+) | ||||||
| 96m2Ag | 700(200) ns | ||||||||
| 97Ag | 47 | 50 | 96,92397(35) | 25,3(3) s | β+ | 97Pd | (9/2+) | ||
| 97mAg | 2343(49) keV | 5 ns | (21/2+) | ||||||
| 98Ag | 47 | 51 | 97,92157(7) | 47,5(3) s | β+ (99,99%) | 98Pd | (5+) | ||
| β+, p (0,0012%) | 97Rh | ||||||||
| 98mAg | 167,83(15) keV | 220(20) ns | (3+) | ||||||
| 99Ag | 47 | 52 | 98,91760(16) | 124(3) s | β+ | 99Pd | 9/2+ | ||
| 99mAg | 506,1(4) keV | 10,5(5) s | IT | 99Ag | (1/2−) | ||||
| 100Ag | 47 | 53 | 99,91610(8) | 2,01(9) min | β+ | 100Pd | 5+ | ||
| 100mAg | 15,52(16) keV | 2,24(13) min | IT | 100Ag | (2)+ | ||||
| β+ | 100Pd | ||||||||
| 101Ag | 47 | 54 | 100,91280(11) | 11,1(3) min | β+ | 101Pd | 9/2+ | ||
| 101mAg | 274,1(3) keV | 3,10(10) s | IT | 101Ag | 1/2− | ||||
| 102Ag | 47 | 55 | 101,91169(3) | 12,9(3) min | β+ | 102Pd | 5+ | ||
| 102mAg | 9,3(4) keV | 7,7(5) min | β+ (51%) | 102Pd | 2+ | ||||
| IT (49%) | 102Ag | ||||||||
| 103Ag | 47 | 56 | 102,908973(18) | 65,7(7) min | β+ | 103Pd | 7/2+ | ||
| 103mAg | 134,45(4) keV | 5,7(3) s | IT | 103Ag | 1/2− | ||||
| 104Ag | 47 | 57 | 103,908629(6) | 69,2(10) min | β+ | 104Pd | 5+ | ||
| 104mAg | 6,9(4) keV | 33,5(20) min | β+ (99,93%) | 104Pd | 2+ | ||||
| IT (0,07%) | 104Ag | ||||||||
| 105Ag | 47 | 58 | 104,906529(12) | 41,29(7) dagen | β+ | 105Pd | 1/2− | ||
| 105mAg | 25,465(12) keV | 7,23(16) min | IT (99,66%) | 105Ag | 7/2+ | ||||
| β+ (0,34%) | 105Pd | ||||||||
| 106Ag | 47 | 59 | 105,906669(5) | 23,96(4) min | β+ (99,5%) | 106Pd | 1+ | ||
| β− (0,5%) | 106Cd | ||||||||
| 106mAg | 89,66(7) keV | 8,28(2) dagen | β+ | 106Pd | 6+ | ||||
| IT (4,16 × 10−6%) | 106Ag | ||||||||
| 107Ag | 47 | 60 | 106,905097(5) | stabiel | 1/2− | 0,51839(8) | |||
| 107mAg | 93,125(19) keV | 44,3(2) s | IT | 107Ag | 7/2+ | ||||
| 108Ag | 47 | 61 | 107,905956(5) | 2,37(1) min | β− (97,15%) | 108Cd | 1+ | ||
| β+ (2,85%) | 108Pd | ||||||||
| 108mAg | 109,440(7) keV | 418(21) jaar | β+ (91,3%) | 108Pd | 6+ | ||||
| IT (8,96%) | 108Ag | ||||||||
| 109Ag | 47 | 62 | 108,904752(3) | stabiel | 1/2- | 0,48161(8) | |||
| 109mAg | 88,0341(11) keV | 39,6(2) s | IT | 109Ag | 7/2+ | ||||
| 110Ag | 47 | 63 | 109,906107(3) | 24,6(2) s | β− (99,7%) | 110Cd | 1+ | ||
| EV (0,3%) | 110Pd | ||||||||
| 110m1Ag | 1,113 keV | 660(40) ns | 2− | ||||||
| 110m2Ag | 117,59(5) keV | 249,950(24) dagen | β− (98,64%) | 110Cd | 6+ | ||||
| IT (1,36%) | 110Ag | ||||||||
| 111Ag | 47 | 64 | 110,905291(3) | 7,45(1) dagen | β− | 111Cd | 1/2− | ||
| 111mAg | 59,82(4) keV | 64,8(8) s | IT (99,3%) | 111Ag | 7/2+ | ||||
| β− (0,7%) | 111Cd | ||||||||
| 112Ag | 47 | 65 | 111,907005(18) | 3,130(9) uur | β− | 112Cd | 2− | ||
| 113Ag | 47 | 66 | 112,906567(18) | 5,37(5) uur | β− | 113mCd | 1/2− | ||
| 113mAg | 43,50(10) keV | 68,7(16) s | IT (64%) | 113Ag | 7/2+ | ||||
| β− (36%) | 113Cd | ||||||||
| 114Ag | 47 | 67 | 113,908804(27) | 4,6(1) s | β− | 114Cd | 1+ | ||
| 114mAg | 199(5) keV | 1,50(5) ms | IT | 114Ag | (< 7+) | ||||
| 115Ag | 47 | 68 | 114,90876(4) | 20,0(5) min | β− | 115mCd | 1/2− | ||
| 115mAg | 41,16(10) keV | 18,0(7) s | β− (79%) | 115Cd | 7/2+ | ||||
| IT (21%) | 115Ag | ||||||||
| 116Ag | 47 | 69 | 115,91136(5) | 2,68(10) min | β− | 116Cd | 2− | ||
| 116mAg | 81,90(20) keV | 8,6(3) s | β− (94%) | 116Cd | (5+) | ||||
| IT (6%) | 116Ag | ||||||||
| 117Ag | 47 | 70 | 116,91168(5) | 73,6(14) s | β− | 117mCd | 1/2− | ||
| 117mAg | 28,6(2) keV | 5,34(5) s | β− (94%) | 117mCd | (7/2+) | ||||
| IT (6%) | 117Ag | ||||||||
| 118Ag | 47 | 71 | 117,91458(7) | 3,76(15) s | β− | 118Cd | 1− | ||
| 118m1Ag | 45,79(9) keV | ± 0,1 µs | 0− tot 2− | ||||||
| 118m2Ag | 127,49(5) keV | 2,0(2) s | β− (59%) | 118Cd | 4+ | ||||
| IT (41%) | 118Ag | ||||||||
| 118m3Ag | 279,37(20) keV | ± 0,1 µs | (2+, 3+) | ||||||
| 119Ag | 47 | 72 | 118,91567(10) | 6,0(5) s | β− | 119mCd | 1/2− | ||
| 119mAg | 20(20) keV | 2,1(1) s | β− | 119Cd | 7/2+ | ||||
| 120Ag | 47 | 73 | 119,91879(8) | 1,23(4) s | β− (99,99%) | 120Cd | 3+ | ||
| β−, n (0,003%) | 119Cd | ||||||||
| 120mAg | 203,0(10) keV | 371(24) ms | β− (63%) | 120Cd | 6− | ||||
| IT (37%) | 120Ag | ||||||||
| 121Ag | 47 | 74 | 120,91985(16) | 0,79(2) s | β− (99,92%) | 121Cd | (7/2+) | ||
| β−, n (0,076%) | 120Cd | ||||||||
| 122Ag | 47 | 75 | 121,92353(22) | 0,529(13) s | β− (> 99,9%) | 122Cd | (3+) | ||
| β−, n (< 0,1%) | 121Cd | ||||||||
| 122mAg | 80(50) keV | 1,5(5) s | β− (> 99,9%) | 122Cd | 8− | ||||
| β−, n (< 0,1%) | 121Cd | ||||||||
| 123Ag | 47 | 76 | 122,92490(22) | 0,300(5) s | β− (99,45%) | 123Cd | (7/2+) | ||
| β−, n (0,549%) | 122Cd | ||||||||
| 124Ag | 47 | 77 | 123,92864(21) | 172(5) ms | β− (99,9%) | 124Cd | 3+ | ||
| β−, n (0,1%) | 123Cd | ||||||||
| 124mAg | 0(100) keV | 200 ms | β− | 124Cd | 8− | ||||
| IT | 124Ag | ||||||||
| 125Ag | 47 | 78 | 124,93043(32) | 166(7) ms | β− (> 99,9%) | 125Cd | (7/2+) | ||
| β−, n (< 0,1%) | 124Cd | ||||||||
| 126Ag | 47 | 79 | 125,93450(32) | 107(12) ms | β− (> 99,9%) | 126Cd | 3+ | ||
| β−, n (< 0,1%) | 125Cd | ||||||||
| 127Ag | 47 | 80 | 126,93677(32) | 79(3) ms | β− (> 99,9%) | 127Cd | 7/2+ | ||
| β−, n (< 0,1%) | 126Cd | ||||||||
| 128Ag | 47 | 81 | 127,94117(32) | 58(5) ms | |||||
| 129Ag | 47 | 82 | 128,94369(43) | 44(7) ms | 7/2+ | ||||
| 129mAg | 0(200) keV | ± 160 ms | 1/2− | ||||||
| 130Ag | 47 | 83 | 129,95045(36) | ± 50 ms | 0+ | ||||
Overzicht van isotopen per element
[bewerken | brontekst bewerken]| 1 | 18 | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | H | 2 | Periodiek systeem | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | He | |||||||||
| 2 | Li | Be | De links verwijzen naar isotopen per element | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | |||||||||
| 3 | Na | Mg | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | Al | Si | P | S | Cl | Ar |
| 4 | K | Ca | Sc | Ti | V | Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr |
| 5 | Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | Ag | Cd | In | Sn | Sb | Te | I | Xe |
| 6 | Cs | Ba | ↓ | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg | Tl | Pb | Bi | Po | At | Rn |
| 7 | Fr | Ra | ↓↓ | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og |
| Lanthaniden | La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | |||
| Actiniden | Ac | Th | Pa | U | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr | |||
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
- (en) R.B. Firestone, S.Y. Frank Chu & C.M. Baglin (1999) - Table of Isotopes (online versie van de cd-rom)
- (en) G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot & O. Bersillon (2003) - The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties, Nuclear Physics A, 729, pp. 3-128
- (en) J.R. de Laeter, J.K. Böhlke, P. De Bièvre, H. Hidaka, H.S. Peiser, K.J.R. Rosman & P.D.P. Taylor (2003) - Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 75 (6), pp. 683–800
- (en) M.E. Wieser (2006) - Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 78 (11), pp. 2051–2066
- (en) David R. Lide (2004) - CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.), hoofdstuk 11, CRC Press - ISBN 978-0849304859
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