Re: Fallback
It is a cascading failure, and it is more about crews than aircraft.
Modern aircraft fly day after day with minimal daily maintenance. Sure, after a certain number of cycles they go in for programmed maintenance, but that is planned well in advance.
Crews, however, are a perishable commodity. They are strictly regulated with the number of hours on duty before a mandated rest period. If a crew experiences a significant delay, they will 'expire' before the flight can depart because there is not enough time left to ensure they reach their destination before their mandated rest period.
Other regulations, for example, require crews to have printed hard-copy weather reports on-board before departure. There are other in-house documents that flight crews need before their birds can fly. For example, the calculated weight of the aircraft would be needed performance (ie: fuel) calculations. Thus something like an outage of the reservation system could cause the flight crew to not know their number of passengers, thus their weight, and be unable to fly.
For the cascade...
Let's say a flight crew is halfway through they day. They flew SEA (Alaska Air hub) to AUS (Austin, Texas, not an Alaska Air hub) and are now returning. Same bird, same crew, a comfortable margin of two flight hours left in their day when they get back to SEA. The weather computer that prints the hard copy goes down. It takes three hours to fix. That crew has just expired and now needs to go to mandatory rest. No spare Alaska Air crews are in place to take over (not a hub airport). Flight canceled. Same bird, same flight crew will likely fly the next day.
No idea what caused Alaska Air's outage, but it easy to see how a data center problem & legal flight requirements can conspire to keep birds out of the sky.