personal

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See also: Personal and personál

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle English personal, personele, from Anglo-Norman personel, personal, personell, Old French personal, personel, from Late Latin persōnālis (“of a person, personly”), equivalent to person +‎ -al. Doublet of personnel.

Pronunciation

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  • (UK) IPA(key): /ˈpɜː.sə.nəl/, /ˈpɜːs.nəl/
  • (US) IPA(key): /ˈpɝ.sə.nəl/, /ˈpɝs.nəl/
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Hyphenation: per‧son‧al, perso‧nal

Adjective

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personal (comparative more personal, superlative most personal)

  1. Pertaining to persons (human beings as opposed to things or animals).
  2. Of or pertaining to a particular person; relating to, or affecting, an individual, or each of many individuals
    personal values personal desire
    Her song was her personal look at the values of friendship.
    • 2014 March 3, Zoe Alderton, “‘Snapewives’ and ‘Snapeism’: A Fiction-Based Religion within the Harry Potter Fandom”, in Religions‎[1], volume 5, number 1, MDPI, →DOI, pages 219–257:
      Despite personal schisms and differences in spiritual experience, there is a very coherent theology of Snape shared between the wives. To examine this manifestation of religious fandom, I will first discuss the canon scepticism and anti-Rowling sentiment that helps to contextualise the wider belief in Snape as a character who extends beyond book and film.
    • 2015 October 27, Matt Preston, The Simple Secrets to Cooking Everything Better‎[2], Plum, →ISBN, page 192:
      You could just use ordinary shop-bought kecap manis to marinade the meat, but making your own is easy, has a far more elegant fragrance and is, above all, such a great brag! Flavouring kecap manis is an intensely personal thing, so try this version now and next time cook the sauce down with crushed, split lemongrass and a shredded lime leaf.
  3. Dealing with subjects about which one wishes (or people usually wish) to maintain privacy or discretion; not for public view; sensitive, intimate.
    personal reasons
    You can't read my diary—it is personal.
    That's a very personal question.
    I can't believe you went through my drawers and looked at all my personal things!
  4. (euphemistic) Intended for sexual use.
    personal lubricant; personal massager
  5. Pertaining to the external or bodily appearance; corporeal; bodily.
    personal charms
    • 1921, Ben Travers, chapter 5, in A Cuckoo in the Nest, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, published 1925, →OCLC:
      The most rapid and most seductive transition in all human nature is that which attends the palliation of a ravenous appetite. […] Can those harmless but refined fellow-diners be the selfish cads whose gluttony and personal appearance so raised your contemptuous wrath on your arrival?
  6. Done in person; without an intermediary.
    a personal interview
    a personal meeting
    personal settings
    • 2011, Bob Nelson, Peter Economy, Consulting For Dummies:
      Although you miss the nonverbal cues that you pick up in a personal meeting, you can call far more clients in a day than you can meet with in person.
  7. Relating to an individual, their character, conduct, motives, or private affairs, in an invidious and offensive manner
    personal reflections or remarks
  8. (grammar) Of a noun or pronoun, having reference particular to humans and other entities having personality such as a named animal, a deity, a personification, etc.
  9. (grammar) Related to grammatical first, second, etc. persons.
    a personal pronoun
  10. Denoting ownership.
    one's personal vehicle, as opposed to a company vehicle

Usage notes

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Not to be confused with personnel (“employees, staff”).

Derived terms

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Translations

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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun

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personal (plural personals)

  1. (chiefly in the plural) An advertisement by which an individual attempts to meet others with similar interests.
  2. One's own property or asset
    • 1748, Tobias Smollett (translator), Alain-René Lesage (original), The Adventures of Gil Blas of Santillane
      In addition to this, a coarse shirt quite new, a pair of my father's shoes quite old, and, what rejoiced me more than all the rest, a rouleau of twenty rials in a linen rag. Behold the sum total of my personals.
    • 1982 April 10, Roosevelt Williamson, “Prison Racism and Legal Slavery in America”, in Gay Community News, page 15:
      I've had my cell ransacked, savagely searched, and as a result, had my legal papers stolen and destroyed, allong with what little personal clothing and other personals I had.

Translations

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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Catalan

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Late Latin persōnālis.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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personal m or f (masculine and feminine plural personals)

  1. personal
    Antonym: impersonal

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Cebuano

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Etymology

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Borrowed from English personal, from Middle English personal, personele, from Anglo-Norman personel, personal, personell, Old French personal, personel, from Late Latin persōnālis (“of a person, personly”).

Pronunciation

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  • Hyphenation: per‧so‧nal
  • IPA(key): /peɾˈsonal/ [peɾ̪ˈs̪o.n̪ɐl̪]

Adjective

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personal

  1. of or pertaining to a particular person; relating to, or affecting, an individual, or each of many individuals; peculiar or proper to private concerns; not public or general

Quotations

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For quotations using this term, see Citations:personal.

German

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Late Latin persōnālis.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /pɛʁzoˈnaːl/
  • Hyphenation: per‧so‧nal
  • Audio:(file)

Adjective

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personal (strong nominative masculine singular personaler, not comparable)

  1. personal

Declension

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Positive forms of personal (uncomparable)
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter
predicative er ist personal sie ist personal es ist personal sie sind personal
strong declension
(without article) 		nominative personaler personale personales personale
genitive personalen personaler personalen personaler
dative personalem personaler personalem personalen
accusative personalen personale personales personale
weak declension
(with definite article) 		nominative der personale die personale das personale die personalen
genitive des personalen der personalen des personalen der personalen
dative dem personalen der personalen dem personalen den personalen
accusative den personalen die personale das personale die personalen
mixed declension
(with indefinite article) 		nominative ein personaler eine personale ein personales (keine) personalen
genitive eines personalen einer personalen eines personalen (keiner) personalen
dative einem personalen einer personalen einem personalen (keinen) personalen
accusative einen personalen eine personale ein personales (keine) personalen

Further reading

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  • “personal” in Duden online
  • “personal” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Indonesian

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Etymology

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From English personal, from Middle English personal, personele, from Anglo-Norman personel, personal, personell, Old French personal, personel, from Late Latin persōnālis (“of a person, personly”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [pərˈsonal]
  • Hyphenation: pêr‧so‧nal

Adjective

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personal

  1. personal.
    Synonym: syahsiah
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Further reading

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Interlingua

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Adjective

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personal (comparative plus personal, superlative le plus personal)

  1. personal

Noun

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personal (uncountable)

  1. staff, personnel

Ladin

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Adjective

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personal m (feminine singular personala, masculine plural personai, feminine plural personales)

  1. personal

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin personalis or German personell or Italian personale or French personnel. By surface analysis, persoană +‎ -al.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /per.soˈnal/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -al
  • Hyphenation: per‧so‧nal

Adjective

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personal m or n (feminine singular personală, masculine plural personali, feminine and neuter plural personale)

  1. personal (relating to the person)
  2. personal (intimate, not to be shared)

Declension

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Declension of personal
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative/
accusative 		indefinite personal personală personali personale
definite personalul personala personalii personalele
genitive/
dative 		indefinite personal personale personali personale
definite personalului personalei personalilor personalelor

Antonyms

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Derived terms

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Adverb

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personal

  1. personally

Noun

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personal n (plural personale)

  1. (collective) staff, members of staff, personnel
  2. (countable) Short for tren personal (“stopping train”).

Declension

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Declension of personal
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) personal personalul (niște) personale personalele
genitive/dative (unui) personal personalului (unor) personale personalelor
vocative personalule personalelor

Further reading

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Spanish

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Late Latin persōnālis.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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personal m or f (masculine and feminine plural personales)

  1. personal
    Antonym: impersonal

Derived terms

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Noun

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personal m (plural personales)

  1. personnel, staff
    profesores y personal ― faculty and staff
    personal militar ― military personnel
    personal de seguridad ― security personnel
    personal sanitario ― health workers, healthcare workers, medical personnel
    personal médico ― medical staff, medical personnel; medical practitioners

Noun

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personal m (uncountable)

  1. (informal) folks, people, mob, crowd; the masses
    • 1993 April 23, Francisco Umbral, “Queremos saber”, in Antena 3:
      Yo he venido aquí a hablar de mi libro; y no a hablar de lo que opine el personal, que me da lo mismo, porque para eso tengo mi columna y mi opinión diaria.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Swedish

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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personal c

  1. staff (employees of a business)
    Synonym: arbetskraft

Declension

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Declension of personal
nominative genitive
singular indefinite personal personals
definite personalen personalens
plural indefinite personaler personalers
definite personalerna personalernas

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Tagalog

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Etymology

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Each pronunciation has a different source:

Pronunciation

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  • (Spanish pronunciation) IPA(key): /peɾsoˈnal/ [pɛɾ.soˈn̪al]
  • (English pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈpeɾsonal/ [ˌpɛɾ.soˈn̪al]
  • Syllabification: per‧so‧nal

Adjective

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personál or pérsonál (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜐᜓᜈᜎ᜔)

  1. personal

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • “personal”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
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