oboedio

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *óbawizdijō. By surface analysis, ob- +‎ audiō. In Latin, ob + audire would have been expected to become Classical Latin *obūdiō (compare in + claudō becoming inclūdō), but it has been theorized that the usual law court associations of the word for obeying encouraged a false archaism from ū to oe, to oboediō (compare Old Latin oinos → Classical Latin ūnus).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /obˈoe̯.di.oː/, [ɔbˈoe̯d̪ioː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /obˈe.di.o/, [obˈɛːd̪io]

Verb

oboediō (present infinitive oboedīre, perfect active oboedīvī or oboediī, supine oboedītum); fourth conjugation

to obey, yield obedience to (+dative of person obeyed)
Synonyms: obtemperō, obsequor, pāreō, mōrigeror

Antonym: recalcitrō
to be subject to, to serve
Synonyms: serviō, appāreō

Conjugation

Conjugation of oboediō (fourth conjugation)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	oboediō	oboedīs		oboedit	oboedīmus	oboedītis		oboediunt
	imperfect	oboediēbam	oboediēbās		oboediēbat	oboediēbāmus	oboediēbātis		oboediēbant
	future	oboediam	oboediēs		oboediet	oboediēmus	oboediētis		oboedient
	perfect	oboedīvī, oboediī	oboedīvistī, oboediistī		oboedīvit, oboediit	oboedīvimus, oboediimus	oboedīvistis, oboediistis		oboedīvērunt, oboedīvēre, oboediērunt, oboediēre
	pluperfect	oboedīveram, oboedieram	oboedīverās, oboedierās		oboedīverat, oboedierat	oboedīverāmus, oboedierāmus	oboedīverātis, oboedierātis		oboedīverant, oboedierant
	future perfect	oboedīverō, oboedierō	oboedīveris, oboedieris		oboedīverit, oboedierit	oboedīverimus, oboedierimus	oboedīveritis, oboedieritis		oboedīverint, oboedierint
passive	present	oboedior	oboedīris, oboedīre		oboedītur	oboedīmur	oboedīminī		oboediuntur
	imperfect	oboediēbar	oboediēbāris, oboediēbāre		oboediēbātur	oboediēbāmur	oboediēbāminī		oboediēbantur
	future	oboediar	oboediēris, oboediēre		oboediētur	oboediēmur	oboediēminī		oboedientur
	perfect	oboedītus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	oboedītus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	oboedītus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	oboediam	oboediās		oboediat	oboediāmus	oboediātis		oboediant
	imperfect	oboedīrem	oboedīrēs		oboedīret	oboedīrēmus	oboedīrētis		oboedīrent
	perfect	oboedīverim, oboedierim	oboedīverīs, oboedierīs		oboedīverit, oboedierit	oboedīverīmus, oboedierīmus	oboedīverītis, oboedierītis		oboedīverint, oboedierint
	pluperfect	oboedīvissem, oboediissem	oboedīvissēs, oboediissēs		oboedīvisset, oboediisset	oboedīvissēmus, oboediissēmus	oboedīvissētis, oboediissētis		oboedīvissent, oboediissent
passive	present	oboediar	oboediāris, oboediāre		oboediātur	oboediāmur	oboediāminī		oboediantur
	imperfect	oboedīrer	oboedīrēris, oboedīrēre		oboedīrētur	oboedīrēmur	oboedīrēminī		oboedīrentur
	perfect	oboedītus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	oboedītus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	oboedī		—	—	oboedīte		—
active	future	—	oboedītō		oboedītō	—	oboedītōte		oboediuntō
passive	present	—	oboedīre		—	—	oboedīminī		—
passive	future	—	oboedītor		oboedītor	—	—		oboediuntor
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		oboedīre		oboedīrī		oboediēns		—
future		oboedītūrum esse		oboedītum īrī		oboedītūrus		oboediendus, oboediundus
perfect		oboedīvisse, oboediisse		oboedītum esse		—		oboedītus
future perfect		—		oboedītum fore		—		—
perfect potential		oboedītūrum fuisse		—		—		—
verbal nouns		gerund					supine
		genitive	dative		accusative	ablative	accusative		ablative
		oboediendī	oboediendō		oboediendum	oboediendō	oboedītum		oboedītū

Derived terms

Descendants

Catalan: obeir
→ Old French: obeir (learned)
- Middle French: obeir
  - French: obéir
- → English: obey
Friulian: ubidî
Galician: obedecer
Italian: ubbidire, obbedire, ubidire (literary)
Old Galician-Portuguese: obedecer
- Portuguese: obedecer
Piedmontese: ubidì
Sicilian: ubbidiri
Spanish: obedecer

References

“oboedio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“oboedio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
oboedio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN