concentration

English

Etymology

From concentrate +‎ -ion.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˌkɒnsənˈtɹeɪʃən/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˌkɑnsənˈtɹeɪʃən/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɪʃən

Noun

concentration (usually uncountable, plural concentrations)

1. The act, process or ability of concentrating; the process of becoming concentrated, or the state of being concentrated.
   1. The direction of attention to a specific object.
   2. The act, process or product of reducing the volume of a liquid, as by evaporation.
   3. The act or process of removing the dress of ore and of reducing the valuable part to smaller compass, as by currents of air or water.
2. A field or course of study on which one focuses, especially as a student in a college or university.
3. The proportion of a substance in a whole.
   • 1972, Leo A. Orleans, Every Fifth Child: The Population of China‎^[1], Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 117:

     The Koreans
     Almost all the Koreans in China live in the north-eastern provinces. The greatest concentration is found in an area of approximately 1,200 square miles in Kirin Province, an area which is part of the Yen-pien Korean Autonomous Chou.

   • 2013 July-August, Philip J. Bushnell, “Solvents, Ethanol, Car Crashes & Tolerance”, in American Scientist:

     Surprisingly, this analysis revealed that acute exposure to solvent vapors at concentrations below those associated with long-term effects appears to increase the risk of a fatal automobile accident. Furthermore, this increase in risk is comparable to the risk of death from leukemia after long-term exposure to benzene, another solvent, which has the well-known property of causing this type of cancer.

   1. (physical chemistry) The amount of solute in a solution measured in suitable units (e.g., parts per million (ppm))
4. The matching game pelmanism.

Coordinate terms

• (course of study): major, minor

Derived terms

• bioconcentration
• concentrational
• concentration camp
• concentration cell
• concentration effect
• concentration table
• concentration time
• concentration-time curve
• critical micelle concentration
• cryoconcentration
• deconcentration
• haemoconcentration
• hemoconcentration
• hyperconcentration
• leukoconcentration
• mascon
• minimum inhibitory concentration
• molal concentration
• molar concentration
• n-firm concentration ratio
• nonconcentration
• overconcentration
• preconcentration
• radioconcentration
• reconcentration
• superconcentration
• time of concentration

 

Translations

act or process of concentrating

• Azerbaijani: təmərküz, təmərküzləşmə
• Bulgarian: концентриране (koncentrirane), сгъстяване (bg) n (sgǎstjavane)
• Catalan: concentració (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 專注力 (zhuānzhù-lì) (powers of concentration)

• Czech: koncentrace (cs) f
• Dutch: concentratie (nl)
• Finnish: keskittäminen (fi), keskitys (fi); keskittyminen (fi)
• French: concentration (fr)
• German: Konzentration (de) f
• Greek: συγκέντρωση (el) f (sygkéntrosi)

  Ancient: συγκέντρωσις f (sunkéntrōsis)

• Hebrew: ריכוז (he) m (rikuz)
• Indonesian: konsentrasi (id)
• Italian: concentrazione (it) f
• Japanese: 集中 (ja) (しゅうちゅう, shūchū), 集中力 (ja) (しゅうちゅうりょく, shūchū-ryoku) (powers of concentration)
• Korean: 집중(集中) (ko) (jipjung), 집중력(集中力) (ko) (jipjungnyeok) (power of concentration)
• Lithuanian: koncentracija (lt) f
• Malay: pemekatan, konsentrasi (ms)
• Maori: kukūtanga
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: анхаарал (mn) (anxaaral) (attention), анхаарал төвлөрөх (anxaaral tövlöröx)

  Mongolian: ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ (angqarul), ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ
  ᠲᠥᠪᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ (angqarul töblerekü)

• Persian: تمرکز (fa) (tamarkoz)
• Polish: koncentracja (pl) f, skupienie (pl) n
• Portuguese: concentração (pt) f
• Romanian: concentrare (ro) f
• Russian: концентра́ция (ru) m (koncentrácija)
• Spanish: concentración (es)
• Swedish: koncentration (sv) c
• Tagalog: pagpapalapot
• Turkish: konsantrasyon (tr), motivasyon (tr)
• Ukrainian: концентра́ція f (koncentrácija), зосередженість (uk) f (zoseredženistʹ)

direction of attention to a specific object

• Azerbaijani: konsentrasiya
• Finnish: keskittyminen (fi)
• Indonesian: pemusatan (id)
• Korean: 집중(集中) (ko) (jipjung)
• Malay: penumpuan
• Persian: تمرکز (fa) (tamarkoz)

act or process of reducing the volume of a liquid

• Azerbaijani: qatılaşma
• Bulgarian: сгъстяване (bg) n (sgǎstjavane)
• Catalan: concentració (ca) f
• Czech: koncentrace (cs) f
• Dutch: concentratie (nl)
• Finnish: tiivistäminen (fi), väkevöittäminen
• French: concentration (fr)
• German: Konzentration (de) f
• Italian: concentrazione (it) f
• Malay: pemekatan, konsentrasi (ms)
• Portuguese: concentração (pt) f
• Romanian: concentrare (ro) f
• Russian: сгуще́ние (ru) n (sguščénije)
• Spanish: concentración (es)

act or process of removing the dress of ore

• Azerbaijani: saflaşma
• Bulgarian: обогатяване (bg) n (obogatjavane)
• Finnish: rikastaminen (fi)
• Russian: обогаще́ние (ru) n (obogaščénije)

course of study on which one focuses

• Finnish: suuntautuminen (fi), erikoistuminen (fi)
• Latin: animadversio

proportion of substance in a mixture

• Afrikaans: konsentrasie (af)
• Azerbaijani: qatılıq
• Bulgarian: концентрация (bg) f (koncentracija)
• Catalan: concentració (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 濃度／浓度 (zh) (nóngdù)

• Dutch: concentratie (nl) f
• Finnish: pitoisuus (fi), konsentraatio (fi)
• French: concentration (fr)
• German: Konzentration (de) f
• Greek: συγκέντρωση (el) f (sygkéntrosi)
• Hebrew: ריכוז (he) m (rikuz)
• Hindi: सांद्रता (hi) f (sāndratā)
• Italian: concentrazione (it) f
• Japanese: 濃度 (ja) (のうど, nōdo)
• Korean: 농도 (nongdo)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: xestî f

• Malay: kepekatan, konsentrasi (ms)
• Maori: kukūtanga
• Polish: koncentracja (pl) f, stężenie (pl) n
• Portuguese: concentração (pt) f
• Romanian: concentrație (ro) f
• Russian: концентра́ция (ru) m (koncentrácija)
• Spanish: concentración (es)
• Swedish: koncentration (sv) c
• Tagalog: damsik, lapot
• Telugu: గాఢత (gāḍhata)
• Turkish: konsantrasyon (tr), derişim (tr)

chemistry: amount of solute present in a solution

• Afrikaans: konsentrasie (af)
• Azerbaijani: qatılıq dərəcəsi
• Bulgarian: концентрация (bg) f (koncentracija)
• Dutch: concentratie (nl) f
• Finnish: pitoisuus (fi), konsentraatio (fi)
• French: concentration (fr)
• Hindi: सांद्रता (hi) f (sāndratā)
• Indonesian: konsentrasi (id)
• Italian: concentrazione (it) f
• Korean: 농도 (nongdo)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: xestî f

• Lithuanian: koncentracija (lt) f
• Malay: kepekatan, konsentrasi (ms)
• Maori: kukūtanga
• Polish: koncentracja (pl) f, stężenie (pl) n
• Portuguese: concentração (pt) f
• Romanian: concentrație (ro) f
• Russian: концентра́ция (ru) m (koncentrácija)
• Sindhi: ڳُوڙهائي (sd) f
• Spanish: concentración (es)
• Swedish: koncentration (sv) c
• Tagalog: damsik

matching game pelmanism — see pelmanism

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Hebrew: ^{(please verify)} ריכוז (he), m

See also

• salinity

Further reading

• Concentration (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Concentration (chemistry) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

French

Etymology

First attested 1732, from concentrer +‎ -ation.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɔ̃.sɑ̃.tʁa.sjɔ̃/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

concentration f (plural concentrations)

1. concentration (mental state of being concentrated)
2. concentration (quality of being concentrated)

   la concentration de sucre

   the concentration of sugar

Derived terms

• camp de concentration

Descendants

• → Romanian: concentrație
• → Turkish: konsantrasyon

Further reading

• “concentration”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Interlingua

Noun

concentration (plural concentrationes)

1. concentration (state or degree of being concentrated)