baka

See also: Appendix:Variations of "baka"

Languages (47)

Anyi • Asi • Bikol Central • Binukid • Bolinao • Cebuano • Dibabawon Manobo • Dupaningan Agta • Faroese • Fula • Hausa • Hiligaynon • Hungarian • Iban • Icelandic • Ilocano • Indonesian • Japanese • Javanese • Kagayanen • Karaim • Kavalan • Kiput • Limos Kalinga • Malay • Mansaka • Masbatenyo • Northern Catanduanes Bicolano • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old Javanese • Old Norse • Old Swedish • Pali • Papiamentu • Polish • Quechua • Serbo-Croatian • Southern Catanduanes Bicolano • Sranan Tongo • Swahili • Swedish • Tagalog • Tausug • Waray-Waray • Yami • Yogad

Page categories

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:

baka

Wikipedia

Pronunciation

(UK) IPA^(key): /ˈbɑːkə/
Audio (Southern England): (file)
(US) IPA^(key): /ˈbɑkə/
Rhymes: -ɑːkə
Hyphenation: ba‧ka

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

baka (plural bakas or baka)

(voodoo) An evil spirit in Haitian belief, often in the form of an animal.
- 1953, Maya Daren, The Divine Horsemen, McPherson & Company, published 2004, page 113:
  Under his sign the malevolent bocor may take the shape of an animal, and men may be transformed into terrible bakas.
- 1969, Milo Rigaud, Secrets of Voodoo, page 83:
  A person has only to serve the baka incorrectly to have it turn against its owner and do him irremediable harm by reason of the very duality of its composition.
- 2001, Jennie Marcelle Smith, When the Hands Are Many, page 77:
  Because a baka can destroy a family's (or even a whole neighborhood's) well-being, there is great interest in catching and destroying them.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Japanese 馬鹿(ばか) (baka, “stupid”).

Adjective

baka (comparative more baka, superlative most baka)

(anime manga, fandom slang, endearing) Stupid, silly.

Noun

baka (plural bakas)

(anime manga, fandom slang, endearing) A foolish person, a dummy, a silly goose.

Anyi

Noun

baka

tree

References

Burmeister, Jonathan (1987) “Numbers before letters — Ivory Coast literacy program”, in G. Gagné, F. Daems, S. Kroon, J. Sturm and E. Tarrab, editors, Selected Papers in Mother Tongue Education / Études en pédagogie de la langue maternelle‎^[1], Dordrecht, The Netherlands & Montréal, Canada: Foris Publications Holland; Centre de Diffusion P.P.M.F. primaire, Université de Montréal, →ISBN, page 23 of 19–25
Wichmann, Søren, Eric W. Holman, and Cecil H. Brown (eds.). (2020). The ASJP Database (version 19).

Asi

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Noun

baka

cow

Bikol Central

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/ [ˈba.ka]
Hyphenation: ba‧ka

Noun

báka (Basahan spelling ᜊᜃ)

cattle; cow

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *bakáq.^[1] Compare Tagalog baka, Remontado Agta baka, Ibaloi baka, and Ilocano baka.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbakaʔ/ [ˈba.kaʔ]
Hyphenation: ba‧ka

Adverb

bakà (Basahan spelling ᜊᜃ)

maybe; probably; perhaps; might
Synonyms: tibaad, seguro

References

^ Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*bakáq”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Binukid

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

cow

Etymology 2

Noun

bakà

(anatomy) jaw

Bolinao

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

cow

Cebuano

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Pronunciation

Hyphenation: ba‧ka
IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/ [ˈba.kɐ]

Noun

baka

a cow; an adult female of the species Bos taurus that has calved
any member of the species Bos taurus regardless of sex or age, including bulls and calves
beef; the meat from a cow, bull, or other bovine

Adjective

baka

beef

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:baka.

Dibabawon Manobo

Noun

bakà

(anatomy) jaw

Dupaningan Agta

Adverb

baka

perhaps; maybe

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse baka, from Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈpɛaːʰka/
Rhymes: -ɛaːʰka
Homophone: bakað

Verb

baka (third person singular past indicative bakaði, third person plural past indicative bakað, supine bakað)

to bake

Conjugation

Conjugation of baka (group v-30)
infinitive	baka
supine	bakað
participle (a6)¹	bakandi	bakaður
	present	past
first singular	baki	bakaði
second singular	bakar	bakaði
third singular	bakar	bakaði
plural	baka	bakaðu
	imperative
singular	baka!
plural	bakið!
¹Only the past participle being declined.

Fula

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

Noun

baka o

(Pular) tunic, boubou, agbada

Etymology 2

Noun

baka o (plural bakaaji ɗi)

(Maasina) part, portion, share

References

Oumar Bah, Dictionnaire Pular-Français, Avec un index français-pular, Webonary.org, SIL International, 2014.
Richard Smith, Urs Niggli, Dictionnaire fulfulde - anglais - français, Webonary.org, SIL International, 2016.

Hausa

Etymology 1

Cognate with Duwai bak, Mwaghavul mbuka.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bà.káː/
- (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [bə̀.káː]

Noun

bàkā m (plural bakunkunā̀, possessed form bàkan)

Etymology 2

From baki.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bá.kà/
- (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [bə́.kə̀]

Adverb

bakà

in the mouth

Hiligaynon

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

báka

cow, bull, ox

Related terms

kabakahan

Hungarian

Etymology

Probably a doublet of boka, via its former meaning of “boots”, expressing a booted soldier. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈbɒkɒ]
Hyphenation: ba‧ka
Rhymes: -kɒ

Noun

baka (plural bakák)

(informal) soldier
Synonym: katona

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	baka	bakák
accusative	bakát	bakákat
dative	bakának	bakáknak
instrumental	bakával	bakákkal
causal-final	bakáért	bakákért
translative	bakává	bakákká
terminative	bakáig	bakákig
essive-formal	bakaként	bakákként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	bakában	bakákban
superessive	bakán	bakákon
adessive	bakánál	bakáknál
illative	bakába	bakákba
sublative	bakára	bakákra
allative	bakához	bakákhoz
elative	bakából	bakákból
delative	bakáról	bakákról
ablative	bakától	bakáktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	bakáé	bakáké
non-attributive possessive - plural	bakáéi	bakákéi

Possessive forms of baka
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	bakám	bakáim
2nd person sing.	bakád	bakáid
3rd person sing.	bakája	bakái
1st person plural	bakánk	bakáink
2nd person plural	bakátok	bakáitok
3rd person plural	bakájuk	bakáik

Iban

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /baka/
Rhymes: -ka
Hyphenation: ba‧ka

Conjunction

baka

like, similar to

Icelandic

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈpaːka/
Rhymes: -aːka

Etymology 1

From the verb baka (“to bake”).

Noun

baka f (genitive singular böku, nominative plural bökur)

pie

Declension

Declension of baka (feminine)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	baka	bakan	bökur	bökurnar
accusative	böku	bökuna	bökur	bökurnar
dative	böku	bökunni	bökum	bökunum
genitive	böku	bökunnar	baka, bakna	bakanna, baknanna

Derived terms

kjötbaka

Etymology 2

From Old Norse baka, from Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-.

Verb

baka (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative bakaði, supine bakað)

to bake

Conjugation

baka — active voice (germynd)

	Forms with appended personal pronoun
infinitive (nafnháttur)		að baka
supine (sagnbót)		bakað
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		bakandi
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég baka	við bökum	present (nútíð)	ég baki	við bökum
	þú bakar	þið bakið		þú bakir	þið bakið
	hann, hún, það bakar	þeir, þær, þau baka		hann, hún, það baki	þeir, þær, þau baki

past (þátíð)	ég bakaði	við bökuðum	past (þátíð)	ég bakaði	við bökuðum
	þú bakaðir	þið bökuðuð		þú bakaðir	þið bökuðuð
	hann, hún, það bakaði	þeir, þær, þau bökuðu		hann, hún, það bakaði	þeir, þær, þau bökuðu

imperative (boðháttur)	baka (þú)	bakið (þið)
	bakaðu	bakiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

bakast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)

	Forms with appended personal pronoun
infinitive (nafnháttur)		að bakast
supine (sagnbót)		bakast
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		bakandist the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég bakast	við bökumst	present (nútíð)	ég bakist	við bökumst
	þú bakast	þið bakist		þú bakist	þið bakist
	hann, hún, það bakast	þeir, þær, þau bakast		hann, hún, það bakist	þeir, þær, þau bakist

past (þátíð)	ég bakaðist	við bökuðumst	past (þátíð)	ég bakaðist	við bökuðumst
	þú bakaðist	þið bökuðust		þú bakaðist	þið bökuðust
	hann, hún, það bakaðist	þeir, þær, þau bökuðust		hann, hún, það bakaðist	þeir, þær, þau bökuðust

imperative (boðháttur)	bakast (þú)	bakist (þið)
	bakastu	bakisti *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

bakaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
strong declension (sterk beyging)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	bakaður	bökuð	bakað	bakaðir	bakaðar	bökuð
accusative (þolfall)	bakaðan	bakaða	bakað	bakaða	bakaðar	bökuð
dative (þágufall)	bökuðum	bakaðri	bökuðu	bökuðum	bökuðum	bökuðum
genitive (eignarfall)	bakaðs	bakaðrar	bakaðs	bakaðra	bakaðra	bakaðra

weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
weak declension (veik beyging)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	bakaði	bakaða	bakaða	bökuðu	bökuðu	bökuðu
accusative (þolfall)	bakaða	bökuðu	bakaða	bökuðu	bökuðu	bökuðu
dative (þágufall)	bakaða	bökuðu	bakaða	bökuðu	bökuðu	bökuðu
genitive (eignarfall)	bakaða	bökuðu	bakaða	bökuðu	bökuðu	bökuðu

Etymology 3

Form of bak (“a back”).

Noun

baka n

indefinite genitive plural of bak

Ilocano

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Pronunciation

Hyphenation: ba‧ka
IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/

Noun

baka

cow
ox

Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Proto-Philippine *bakáq.^[1] Compare Bikol Central baka, Remontado Agta baka, Ibaloi baka, and Tagalog baka.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /baka/ [bɐ.ka]
(colloquial) IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/ [ˈbɐ.ka]
Hyphenation: ba‧ka

Adverb

baká

maybe, perhaps, might be

References

^ Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*bakáq”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay baka, baqa, from Classical Malay باک (baka), بقاٴ (baqa), from Arabic بَقَاء (baqāʔ, “remaining, lasting, enduring”).

Pronunciation

(Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/ [ˈba.ka]
Rhymes: -aka
Syllabification: ba‧ka

Adjective

baka

eternal
Synonym: selamanya

References

“baka” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Japanese

Romanization

baka

Rōmaji transcription of ばか
Rōmaji transcription of バカ

Javanese

Romanization

baka

Romanization of ꦧꦏ

Kagayanen

Etymology 1

Noun

baka

(anatomy) chin

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Noun

baka

cow

Karaim

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *b(i)āka.

Noun

baka

frog

References

N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “baka”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN

Kavalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

cow

Kiput

Etymology

From Proto-North Sarawak *bakas.

Noun

baka

wild boar

Limos Kalinga

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

cow

Malay

Pronunciation

(Johor, Riau-Lingga) IPA^(key): /ˈbakə/ [ˈba.kə]
Audio (Malaysia): (file)

Adjective

baka (Jawi spelling باک)

patriarchal, ruled by men
sistem (kuasa) baka
a patriarchal system

Antonyms

saka

Noun

baka (Jawi spelling باک, plural baka-baka, informal 1st possessive bakaku, 2nd possessive bakamu, 3rd possessive bakanya)

stock, breed (of livestock)
baka bercampur
mixed breed.

Mansaka

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

cow

Masbatenyo

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

cow

Etymology 2

Adjective

bakâ

bowlegged

Northern Catanduanes Bicolano

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

cow

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

bakane

Noun

baka m or n

definite neuter plural of bak

Etymology 2

From Old Norse baka.

Alternative forms

bake
båkå, båkkå (dialectal)

Verb

baka (present tense bakar or baker, past tense baka or bakte, past participle baka or bakt, passive infinitive bakast, present participle bakande, imperative bak)

to bake (something)

Derived terms

Related terms

bakar (noun)
baking

References

“baka” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Javanese

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit बक (baka, “heron”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ba.ka/
Rhymes: -ka
Hyphenation: ba‧ka

Noun

baka

heron

Descendants

> Javanese: ꦧꦏ (baka) (inherited)

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-. Compare Old English bacan (English bake), Old Saxon bakkan (Low German backen), Dutch bakken, Old High German bahhan, backan (German backen).

Verb

baka

to bake

Conjugation

Conjugation of baka — active (strong class 6)

indicative	present	past
infinitive	baka
present participle	bakandi
past participle	bekinn
1st-person singular	bek	bók
2nd-person singular	bekr	bókt
3rd-person singular	bekr	bók
1st-person plural	bǫkum	bókum
2nd-person plural	bakið	bókuð
3rd-person plural	baka	bóku
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	baka	bǿka
2nd-person singular	bakir	bǿkir
3rd-person singular	baki	bǿki
1st-person plural	bakim	bǿkim
2nd-person plural	bakið	bǿkið
3rd-person plural	baki	bǿki
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	bak
1st-person plural	bǫkum
2nd-person plural	bakið

Conjugation of baka — mediopassive (strong class 6)

indicative	present	past
infinitive	bakask
present participle	bakandisk
past participle	bekizk
1st-person singular	bǫkumk	bókumk
2nd-person singular	beksk	bókzk
3rd-person singular	beksk	bóksk
1st-person plural	bǫkumsk	bókumsk
2nd-person plural	bakizk	bókuzk
3rd-person plural	bakask	bókusk
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	bǫkumk	bǿkumk
2nd-person singular	bakisk	bǿkisk
3rd-person singular	bakisk	bǿkisk
1st-person plural	bakimsk	bǿkimsk
2nd-person plural	bakizk	bǿkizk
3rd-person plural	bakisk	bǿkisk
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	baksk
1st-person plural	bǫkumsk
2nd-person plural	bakizk

Descendants

Icelandic: baka
Faroese: baka
Norn: båke
Norwegian Nynorsk: baka
Elfdalian: båkå
Old Swedish: baka
- Swedish: baka
Danish: bage
- Norwegian Bokmål: bake
Old Gutnish: baka
- Gutnish: bake

References

“baka”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-. Compare Old English bacan (English bake), Old Saxon bakkan (Low German backen), Dutch bakken, Old High German bahhan, backan (German backen).

Verb

baka

to bake

Conjugation

Conjugation of baka (strong)

active voice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	present			past
infinitive	baka			—
participle	bakandi, bakande			bakin
iæk	bak	baki, bake	—	bōk	bōki, bōke
þū	bak	baki, bake	bak	bōkt	bōki, bōke
han	bak	baki, bake	—	bōk	bōki, bōke
vīr	bakum, bakom	bakum, bakom	bakum, bakom	bōkum, bōkom	bōkum, bōkom
īr	bakin	bakin	bakin	bōkin	bōkin
þēr	baka	bakin	—	bōku, bōko	bōkin
mediopassive voice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
iæk	baks	bakis, bakes	—	bōks	bōkis, bōkes
þū	baks	bakis, bakes	—	bōkts	bōkis, bōkes
han	baks	bakis, bakes	—	bōks	bōkis, bōkes
vīr	bakums, -oms	bakums, bakoms	—	bōkums, bōkoms	bōkums, bōkoms
īr	bakins	bakins	—	bōkins	bōkins
þēr	bakas	bakins	—	bōkus, bōkos	bōkins

Descendants

Swedish: baka

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

𑀩𑀓 (Brahmi script)
बक (Devanagari script)
বক (Bengali script)
බක (Sinhalese script)
ဗက or ၿၵ (Burmese script)
พก or พะกะ (Thai script)
ᨻᨠ (Tai Tham script)
ພກ or ພະກະ (Lao script)
ពក (Khmer script)
𑄝𑄇 (Chakma script)

Noun

baka m

crane
heron

Declension

Declension table of "baka" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	bako	bakā
Accusative (second)	bakaṃ	bake
Instrumental (third)	bakena	bakehi or bakebhi
Dative (fourth)	bakassa or bakāya or bakatthaṃ	bakānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	bakasmā or bakamhā or bakā	bakehi or bakebhi
Genitive (sixth)	bakassa	bakānaṃ
Locative (seventh)	bakasmiṃ or bakamhi or bake	bakesu
Vocative (calling)	baka	bakā

Papiamentu

Etymology

From Portuguese vaca and Spanish vaca and Kabuverdianu báka.

Noun

baka

cow

Polish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈba.ka/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -aka
Syllabification: ba‧ka
Homophone: Baka

Etymology 1

Borrowed from German Bake.

Noun

baka f

(navigation, nautical) seamark
Synonym: stawa

Declension

Declension of baka

	singular	plural
nominative	baka	baki
genitive	baki	bak
dative	bace	bakom
accusative	bakę	baki
instrumental	baką	bakami
locative	bace	bakach
vocative	bako	baki

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

baka m inan

genitive singular of bak

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

baka

third-person singular present of bakać

Quechua

Alternative forms

waka (Cuzco-Collao)

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈba.ka/
- (Ayacucho) IPA^(key): [ˈba.ka]
- (Cuzco-Collao) IPA^(key): [ˈwa.ka]

Noun

baka

cow

Declension

declension of baka

	singular	plural
nominative	baka	bakakuna
accusative	bakata	bakakunata
dative	bakaman	bakakunaman
genitive	bakap	bakakunap
locative	bakapi	bakakunapi
terminative	bakakama	bakakunakama
ablative	bakamanta	bakakunamanta
instrumental	bakawan	bakakunawan
comitative	bakantin	bakakunantin
abessive	bakannaq	bakakunannaq
comparative	bakahina	bakakunahina
causative	bakarayku	bakakunarayku
benefactive	bakapaq	bakakunapaq
associative	bakapura	bakakunapura
distributive	bakanka	bakakunanka
exclusive	bakalla	bakakunalla

possessive forms of baka

ñuqap - first-person singular

ñuqap (my)	singular	plural
nominative	bakay	bakaykuna
accusative	bakayta	bakaykunata
dative	bakayman	bakaykunaman
genitive	bakaypa	bakaykunap
locative	bakaypi	bakaykunapi
terminative	bakaykama	bakaykunakama
ablative	bakaymanta	bakaykunamanta
instrumental	bakaywan	bakaykunawan
comitative	bakaynintin	bakaykunantin
abessive	bakayninnaq	bakaykunannaq
comparative	bakayhina	bakaykunahina
causative	bakayrayku	bakaykunarayku
benefactive	bakaypaq	bakaykunapaq
associative	bakaypura	bakaykunapura
distributive	bakayninka	bakaykunanka
exclusive	bakaylla	bakaykunalla

qampa - second-person singular

qampa (your)	singular	plural
nominative	bakayki	bakaykikuna
accusative	bakaykita	bakaykikunata
dative	bakaykiman	bakaykikunaman
genitive	bakaykipa	bakaykikunap
locative	bakaykipi	bakaykikunapi
terminative	bakaykikama	bakaykikunakama
ablative	bakaykimanta	bakaykikunamanta
instrumental	bakaykiwan	bakaykikunawan
comitative	bakaykintin	bakaykikunantin
abessive	bakaykinnaq	bakaykikunannaq
comparative	bakaykihina	bakaykikunahina
causative	bakaykirayku	bakaykikunarayku
benefactive	bakaykipaq	bakaykikunapaq
associative	bakaykipura	bakaykikunapura
distributive	bakaykinka	bakaykikunanka
exclusive	bakaykilla	bakaykikunalla

paypa - third-person singular

paypa (his/her/its)	singular	plural
nominative	bakan	bakankuna
accusative	bakanta	bakankunata
dative	bakanman	bakankunaman
genitive	bakanpa	bakankunap
locative	bakanpi	bakankunapi
terminative	bakankama	bakankunakama
ablative	bakanmanta	bakankunamanta
instrumental	bakanwan	bakankunawan
comitative	bakanintin	bakankunantin
abessive	bakanninnaq	bakankunannaq
comparative	bakanhina	bakankunahina
causative	bakanrayku	bakankunarayku
benefactive	bakanpaq	bakankunapaq
associative	bakanpura	bakankunapura
distributive	bakaninka	bakankunanka
exclusive	bakanlla	bakankunalla

ñuqanchikpa - first-person inclusive plural

ñuqanchikpa (our(incl))	singular	plural
nominative	bakanchik	bakanchikkuna
accusative	bakanchikta	bakanchikkunata
dative	bakanchikman	bakanchikkunaman
genitive	bakanchikpa	bakanchikkunap
locative	bakanchikpi	bakanchikkunapi
terminative	bakanchikkama	bakanchikkunakama
ablative	bakanchikmanta	bakanchikkunamanta
instrumental	bakanchikwan	bakanchikkunawan
comitative	bakanchiknintin	bakanchikkunantin
abessive	bakanchikninnaq	bakanchikkunannaq
comparative	bakanchikhina	bakanchikkunahina
causative	bakanchikrayku	bakanchikkunarayku
benefactive	bakanchikpaq	bakanchikkunapaq
associative	bakanchikpura	bakanchikkunapura
distributive	bakanchikninka	bakanchikkunanka
exclusive	bakanchiklla	bakanchikkunalla

ñuqaykup - first-person exclusive plural

ñuqaykup (our(excl))	singular	plural
nominative	bakayku	bakaykukuna
accusative	bakaykuta	bakaykukunata
dative	bakaykuman	bakaykukunaman
genitive	bakaykupa	bakaykukunap
locative	bakaykupi	bakaykukunapi
terminative	bakaykukama	bakaykukunakama
ablative	bakaykumanta	bakaykukunamanta
instrumental	bakaykuwan	bakaykukunawan
comitative	bakaykuntin	bakaykukunantin
abessive	bakaykunnaq	bakaykukunannaq
comparative	bakaykuhina	bakaykukunahina
causative	bakaykurayku	bakaykukunarayku
benefactive	bakaykupaq	bakaykukunapaq
associative	bakaykupura	bakaykukunapura
distributive	bakaykunka	bakaykukunanka
exclusive	bakaykulla	bakaykukunalla

qamkunap - second-person plural

qamkunap (your(pl))	singular	plural
nominative	bakaykichik	bakaykichikkuna
accusative	bakaykichikta	bakaykichikkunata
dative	bakaykichikman	bakaykichikkunaman
genitive	bakaykichikpa	bakaykichikkunap
locative	bakaykichikpi	bakaykichikkunapi
terminative	bakaykichikkama	bakaykichikkunakama
ablative	bakaykichikmanta	bakaykichikkunamanta
instrumental	bakaykichikwan	bakaykichikkunawan
comitative	bakaykichiknintin	bakaykichikkunantin
abessive	bakaykichikninnaq	bakaykichikkunannaq
comparative	bakaykichikhina	bakaykichikkunahina
causative	bakaykichikrayku	bakaykichikkunarayku
benefactive	bakaykichikpaq	bakaykichikkunapaq
associative	bakaykichikpura	bakaykichikkunapura
distributive	bakaykichikninka	bakaykichikkunanka
exclusive	bakaykichiklla	bakaykichikkunalla

paykunap - third-person plural

paykunap (their)	singular	plural
nominative	bakanku	bakankukuna
accusative	bakankuta	bakankukunata
dative	bakankuman	bakankukunaman
genitive	bakankupa	bakankukunap
locative	bakankupi	bakankukunapi
terminative	bakankukama	bakankukunakama
ablative	bakankumanta	bakankukunamanta
instrumental	bakankuwan	bakankukunawan
comitative	bakankuntin	bakankukunantin
abessive	bakankunnaq	bakankukunannaq
comparative	bakankuhina	bakankukunahina
causative	bakankurayku	bakankukunarayku
benefactive	bakankupaq	bakankukunapaq
associative	bakankupura	bakankukunapura
distributive	bakankunka	bakankukunanka
exclusive	bakankulla	bakankukunalla

References

Itier, César (2017) Diccionario quechua sureño-castellano (con un índice castellano-quechua) [Southern Quechua-Spanish Dictionary (with a Spanish-Quechua index)], Lima: Editorial Comentarios, →ISBN, page 230

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From earlier babka; compare bȁba.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bǎːka/
Hyphenation: ba‧ka

Noun

báka f (Cyrillic spelling ба́ка)

(hypocoristic) grandmother, grandma
(hypocoristic, regional) old woman

Declension

Declension of baka

	singular	plural
nominative	báka	bake
genitive	bake	baka
dative	baki	bakama
accusative	baku	bake
vocative	bȃko	bake
locative	baki	bakama
instrumental	bakom	bakama

References

“baka”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

Southern Catanduanes Bicolano

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Noun

baka

cow

Sranan Tongo

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/, [ˈba̠ka̠], [ˈbɑ̟kɑ̟]

Etymology 1

From English back.

Preposition

baka

after
behind

Adjective

baka

back
bakasey ― behind

Adverb

baka

back, in return
again

Noun

baka

back

Derived terms

bakabonyo (“backbone”)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Dutch bakken.

Verb

baka

to bake, to fry

Derived terms

bakabana

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic بَقَّعَ (baqqaʕa, “to stain”).

Pronunciation

Audio (Kenya): (file)

Verb

-baka (infinitive kubaka)

to molest, to rape
Synonym: -najisi

Conjugation

Conjugation of -baka

Positive present	-nabaka
Subjunctive	-bake
Negative	-baki
Imperative singular	baka

Infinitives

Positive	kubaka
Negative	kutobaka

Imperatives

Singular	baka
Plural	bakeni

Tensed forms

Habitual	hubaka
Positive past	positive subject concord + -libaka
Negative past	negative subject concord + -kubaka

Positive present (positive subject concord + -nabaka)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		ninabaka/nabaka	tunabaka
2nd person		unabaka	mnabaka
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	anabaka	wanabaka
3rd person	other classes	positive subject concord + -nabaka

Negative present (negative subject concord + -baki)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		sibaki	hatubaki
2nd person		hubaki	hambaki
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	habaki	hawabaki
3rd person	other classes	negative subject concord + -baki

Positive future	positive subject concord + -tabaka
Negative future	negative subject concord + -tabaka

Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -bake)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		nibake	tubake
2nd person		ubake	mbake
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	abake	wabake
3rd person	other classes	positive subject concord + -bake

Negative subjunctive	positive subject concord + -sibake
Positive present conditional	positive subject concord + -ngebaka
Negative present conditional	positive subject concord + -singebaka
Positive past conditional	positive subject concord + -ngalibaka
Negative past conditional	positive subject concord + -singalibaka

Gnomic (positive subject concord + -abaka)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		nabaka	twabaka
2nd person		wabaka	mwabaka
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	abaka	wabaka
	m-mi_(III/IV)	wabaka	yabaka
	ji-ma_(V/VI)	labaka	yabaka
	ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	chabaka	vyabaka
	n_(IX/X)	yabaka	zabaka
	u_(XI)	wabaka	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
	ku_(XV/XVII)	kwabaka
	pa_(XVI)	pabaka
	mu_(XVIII)	mwabaka

Perfect	positive subject concord + -mebaka
"Already"	positive subject concord + -meshabaka
"Not yet"	negative subject concord + -jabaka
"If/When"	positive subject concord + -kibaka
"If not"	positive subject concord + -sipobaka
Consecutive	kabaka / positive subject concord + -kabaka
Consecutive subjunctive	positive subject concord + -kabake

Object concord (indicative positive)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		-nibaka	-tubaka
2nd person		-kubaka	-wabaka/-kubakeni/-wabakeni
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	-mbaka	-wabaka
	m-mi_(III/IV)	-ubaka	-ibaka
	ji-ma_(V/VI)	-libaka	-yabaka
	ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	-kibaka	-vibaka
	n_(IX/X)	-ibaka	-zibaka
	u_(XI)	-ubaka	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
	ku_(XV/XVII)	-kubaka
	pa_(XVI)	-pabaka
	mu_(XVIII)	-mubaka
Reflexive		-jibaka

Relative forms

General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -baka- + relative marker)
	Singular	Plural
m-wa_(I/II)	-bakaye	-bakao
m-mi_(III/IV)	-bakao	-bakayo
ji-ma_(V/VI)	-bakalo	-bakayo
ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	-bakacho	-bakavyo
n_(IX/X)	-bakayo	-bakazo
u_(XI)	-bakao	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
ku_(XV/XVII)	-bakako
pa_(XVI)	-bakapo
mu_(XVIII)	-bakamo

Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -baka)
	Singular	Plural
m-wa_(I/II)	-yebaka	-obaka
m-mi_(III/IV)	-obaka	-yobaka
ji-ma_(V/VI)	-lobaka	-yobaka
ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	-chobaka	-vyobaka
n_(IX/X)	-yobaka	-zobaka
u_(XI)	-obaka	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
ku_(XV/XVII)	-kobaka
pa_(XVI)	-pobaka
mu_(XVIII)	-mobaka

Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

Verbal derivations:
- Augmentative: -bakua (“rob, plunder”)
- Passive: -bakwa

Nominal derivations:
- mbakaji (“rapist”)
- ubakaji (“rape”)

Noun

baka (ma class, plural mabaka)

mark on the body (like a scar or birthmark)

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse baka, from Proto-Germanic *bakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₃g-.

Pronunciation

Audio: (file)

Verb

baka (present bakar, preterite bakade, supine bakat, imperative baka)

to bake; to cook in an oven.

Conjugation

Conjugation of baka (weak)

	Active		Passive
Infinitive	baka		bakas
Supine	bakat		bakats
Imperative	baka		—
Imper. plural¹	baken		—
	Present	Past	Present	Past
Indicative	bakar	bakade	bakas	bakades
Ind. plural¹	baka	bakade	bakas	bakades
Subjunctive²	bake	bakade	bakes	bakades
	Participles
Present participle	bakande
Past participle	bakad
¹ Archaic. ² Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Derived terms

Tagalog

Alternative forms

baca — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”), from Latin vacca.

Pronunciation

(Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/ [ˈbaː.xɐ]
Rhymes: -aka
Syllabification: ba‧ka

Noun

baka (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜃ)

cattle; cow
beef
Synonym: karne ng baka

Derived terms

Related terms

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *bakáq. Compare Bikol Central baka, Remontado Agta baka, Ibaloi baka, and Ilocano baka.

Pronunciation

(Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /baˈkaʔ/ [bɐˈxaʔ], (nonstandard) /baˈka/ [bɐˈxa]
Rhymes: -aʔ, (nonstandard) -a
Syllabification: ba‧ka

Adverb

bakâ or baká (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜃ)

maybe; probably
Synonyms: marahil, maaari, posible
might

Derived terms

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

(Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/ [ˈbaː.xɐ]
Rhymes: -aka
Syllabification: ba‧ka

Noun

baka (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜃ)

declaration of war (against another nation)
Synonyms: salakay, pagsalakay, lusob, paglusob
campaign against something wrong or immoral
Synonyms: laban, paglaban, pagbabaka
verbal attack or assault
Synonyms: tuligsa, pagtuligsa, atake, pag-atake

Derived terms

Anagrams

kaba, akba

Tausug

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Pronunciation

(Sinūgan Parianun) IPA^(key): /baka/ [baˈk̠ɑ]
Rhymes: -a
Syllabification: ba‧ka

Noun

baka (Sulat Sūg spelling بَكَ)

cow
Synonym: sapi'

Waray-Waray

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbaka/, [ˈba.ka]
Hyphenation: ba‧ka

Noun

baka

cow

Yami

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

cow

Yogad

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

cow

[1] Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*bakáq”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

[2] Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*bakáq”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

[1]

[1]

baka

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Etymology 2

Adjective

Noun

Derived terms

Related terms

See also

Anagrams

Anyi

Noun

References

Further reading

Asi

Etymology

Noun

Bikol Central

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

See also

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Adverb

References

Binukid

Etymology 1

Noun

Etymology 2

Noun

Bolinao

Etymology

Noun

Cebuano

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Adjective

Quotations

Dibabawon Manobo

Noun

Dupaningan Agta

Adverb

Faroese

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Fula

Etymology 1

Noun

Etymology 2

Noun

References

Hausa

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Adverb

Hiligaynon

Etymology

Noun

Related terms

Hungarian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Further reading

Iban

Pronunciation

Conjunction

Icelandic

Pronunciation

Etymology 1