津

津 U+6D25, 津 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D25 ← 洤 [U+6D24] CJK Unified Ideographs 洦 → [U+6D26]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

津 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 水中手 (ELQ), four-corner 3510₇, composition ⿰氵聿)

Derived characters

• 𦩨, 葏, 𮵷, 堻, 𤀷, 𰝪, 𦽷

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 621, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17396
• Dae Jaweon: page 1017, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1616, character 11
• Unihan data for U+6D25

Chinese

simp. and trad.		津
alternative forms		𣸁 𦪉

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (津) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
葏	*ʔslen
津	*ʔslin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔslin) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 𦘔 (). 𦘔 (pronounced "jīn") has been simplified into the partly related 聿 (OC *b·lud) in the clerical script.

Etymology

From 濟 (OC *ʔsliːls, “to ferry”) + nominal suffix *-n (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jīn (jin¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zeon¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): zun¹

• Eastern Min (BUC): cĭng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zing¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tin / chin

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zing¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹cin

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jīn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jin
    • Wade–Giles: chin¹
    • Yale: jīn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jin
    • Palladius: цзинь (czinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zeon¹
    • Yale: jēun
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzoen¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zên¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɵn⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: zun¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sun³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cĭng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zing¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cing
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ⁵³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tin
    • Tâi-lô: tin
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dyn
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tin⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tin³³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chin
    • Tâi-lô: tsin
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cyn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sin³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sin⁴⁴/

Note:

• Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taiwan:
  • tin - vernacular;
  • chin - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: zing¹
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsing
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹cin
    • MiniDict: cin^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹jin
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕin⁵³/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 津
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕyn⁴⁴/ /t͡ɕiŋ⁴⁴/ /t͡ɕin⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕiŋ²¹/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕiẽ²¹³/ /t͡ɕyẽ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/t͡siə̃⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡sin²⁴/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕiẽ²¹/ ～～有味 /t͡ɕiŋ²¹/ 天～
	Xining	/t͡ɕiə̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕiŋ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕĩn³¹/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕiŋ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕĩ⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/t͡sin³¹/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕin²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕiəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕiŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕĩŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡ɕiŋ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/t͡sin⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡ɕin³³/
	Wenzhou	/t͡saŋ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡siʌ̃³¹/
	Tunxi	/t͡ɕiɛ¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡sin³³/
	Xiangtan	/t͡sin³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡ɕin⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sin⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/t͡sin²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡søn⁵³/
	Nanning	/t͡sɐn⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/t͡søn⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/t͡sin⁵⁵/ /tin⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/t͡siŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/t͡seiŋ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/t͡siŋ³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/t͡sin²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsin

Rime
Character	津
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	將鄰切
Baxter	tsin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡siɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sin/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sin/
Li Rong	/t͡siĕn/
Wang Li	/t͡sĭĕn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡si̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jīn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zan1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]i[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔslin/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	津
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jīn
Middle Chinese	‹ tsin ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]i[n]/
English	ford (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	津
Reading #	1/1
No.	6725
Phonetic component	津
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	津
Old Chinese	/*ʔslin/

Definitions

津

1. ferry crossing; ford

   • 長沮、桀溺耦而耕，孔子過之，使子路問津焉。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     长沮、桀溺耦而耕，孔子过之，使子路问津焉。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Chángjǔ, Jiénì ǒu ér gēng, Kǒngzǐ guò zhī, shǐ Zǐlù wènjīn yān. [Pinyin]

     Chang Zu and Jie Ni were at work in the field together. Confucius passed by them, and sent Zi Lu to inquire for the ford.

   1. (figurative) key post
   2. Short for 天津 (Tiānjīn, “Tianjin”).
   3. (～市) Tsu, Japan
2. bodily fluid
   1. saliva
   2. sweat
   3. to moisten
3. Alternative form of 秦 (Qín, “plain with river”)

Compounds

• 上津 (Shàngjīn)
• 乏人問津／乏人问津 (fárénwènjīn)
• 京津大鼓
• 位居要津
• 利津 (Lìjīn)
• 問津／问津 (wènjīn)
• 唾津兒／唾津儿
• 夏津 (Xiàjīn)
• 天津 (Tiānjīn)
• 平津
• 延津 (Yánjīn)
• 打鼓津頭／打鼓津头
• 指點迷津／指点迷津 (zhǐdiǎnmíjīn)
• 文津閣／文津阁
• 旗津 (Qíjīn, “Cijin”)
• 東津／东津 (Dōngjīn)
• 橋津／桥津
• 江津 (Jiāngjīn)
• 汗津津 (hànjīnjīn)
• 波津
• 河津 (Héjīn)
• 津南 (Jīnnán)
• 津史
• 津吏
• 津巴布韋／津巴布韦 (Jīnbābùwéi)
• 津市 (Jīnshì)
• 津梁 (jīnliáng)
• 津津 (jīnjīn)
• 津津有味 (jīnjīnyǒuwèi)
• 津津樂道／津津乐道 (jīnjīnlèdào)
• 津浦鐵路／津浦铁路
• 津涯
• 津液 (jīnyè)
• 津渡 (jīndù)
• 津潤／津润
• 津濟／津济
• 津發／津发
• 津筏
• 津要 (jīnyào)
• 津貼／津贴 (jīntiē)
• 津貼制度／津贴制度
• 津送
• 津遣
• 津關／津关
• 津鼓
• 清津 (Qīngjīn, “Chongjin”)
• 濕津津／湿津津
• 無人問津／无人问津 (wúrénwènjīn)
• 牛津 (niújīn)
• 玄津
• 生津 (shēngjīn)
• 生津止渴
• 白馬津／白马津
• 益氣生津／益气生津
• 盟津 (Mèngjīn)
• 知津
• 義津／义津 (Yìjīn)
• 蒲津
• 薪津
• 要津 (yàojīn)
• 要路津
• 覺返迷津／觉返迷津
• 赤津津
• 迷津
• 遍體生津／遍体生津
• 關津／关津

 

Japanese

Kanji

津

(Jōyō kanji)

1. harbor, port, haven
2. ferry, ford
3. bodily fluid

Readings

• Go-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
• Kun: つ (tsu, 津, Jōyō)、しる (shiru, 津)
• Nanori: す (su)、ず (zu)、つ (tsu)、づ (zu)

Compounds

• 津(しん)液(えき) (shin'eki)
• 津々(つつ)浦々(うらうら), 津津(つつ)浦浦(うらうら) (tsutsuuraura)
• 津(つ)波(なみ) (tsunami)
• 津(つ)軽(がる) (tsugaru)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
津
つ Grade: S
kun'yomi

Proper noun

津(つ) • (Tsu) 

1. Tsu (a city in Mie Prefecture, Japan)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 津 (MC tsin).

“ferry; ford”

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	진 (Yale: cìn)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
	Gloss (hun)	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2]	ᄂᆞᄅᆞ (Yale: nòlò)	진 (Yale: cìn)

“resin; sap”

Historical Readings
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
	Gloss (hun)	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[3]	N/A	진〯 (Yale: cǐn)

Pronunciation

• (ferry; ford):
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕin]
  • Phonetic hangul: [진]
• (resin; sap):
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕi(ː)n]
  • Phonetic hangul: [진(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource

津 (eumhun 나루 진 (naru jin))

1. hanja form^? of 진 (“ferry; ford”) [affix]
2. hanja form^? of 진 (“resin; sap”) [noun]

Compounds

Compounds

• 광진 (廣津, Gwangjin)
• 도진 (渡津, dojin)
• 섬진강 (蟾津江, Seomjin'gang)
• 송진 (松津, songjin)
• 옹진 (甕津, Ongjin)
• 정동진 (正東津, Jeongdongjin)
• 진구 (津口, jin'gu)
• 진도 (津渡, jindo)
• 진두 (津頭, jindu)
• 진량 (津梁, jillyang)
• 진액 (津液, jinaek)
• 진역 (津驛, jinyeok)
• 진하 (津河, jinha)
• 하진 (河津, hajin)
• 흥미진진 (興味津津, heungmijinjin)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [4]

Vietnamese

Han character

津: Hán Nôm readings: lọt, lụt, tân

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.