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側

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 侧
側 U+5074, 側
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5074
← 偳
[U+5073] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 偵 →
[U+5075]

Translingual

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Han character

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側 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 人月金弓 (OBCN), four-corner 22200, composition ⿰亻則)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 111, character 34
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 897
  • Dae Jaweon: page 238, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 189, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+5074

Chinese

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trad. 側
simp. 侧

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 側
b12303
b12304
s05768
Transcribed ancient scripts
L38256
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (則) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
廁 *sʰrɯɡs, *sʰrɯɡ
則 *ʔsɯːɡ
賊 *zɯːɡ
鰂 *zɯːɡ
鱡 *zɯːɡ
蠈 *zɯːɡ
側 *ʔsrɯɡ
萴 *ʔsrɯɡ, *zrɯɡ
測 *sʰrɯɡ
惻 *sʰrɯɡ
崱 *zrɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsrɯɡ) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 則 (OC *ʔsɯːɡ).

Pronunciation 1

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Note:
  • cháik - “side”;
  • cáik - “to lean to one side”.
Note:
  • chhiak/chhek - literary;
  • chhak - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 側
Mandarin Beijing /t͡sʰɤ⁵¹/
Harbin /t͡sʰɤ⁵³/
/t͡sai⁴⁴/
/ʈ͡ʂai⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡sʰɤ⁵³/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂei²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡sʰə⁵⁵/
/ʈ͡ʂʰe⁵⁵/
/ʈ͡ʂe⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰɛ²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡sei²¹/ ～棱子睡
/t͡sʰei²¹/ ～面
Xining /t͡sʰɨ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡sʰə¹³/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰə¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡sʰɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡sʰɤ²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡sʰe³¹/
/t͡se³¹/
Guiyang /t͡sɛ²¹/ ～邊
/t͡sʰɛ²¹/ ～起過
Kunming /t͡sʰə³¹/
Nanjing /t͡sʰəʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡sʰɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰaʔ²/
Pingyao /t͡sʰʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡saʔ⁴³/ ～楞
/t͡sʰaʔ⁴³/ ～面
Wu Shanghai /t͡sʰəʔ⁵/
/t͡səʔ⁵/
Suzhou /t͡səʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡səʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡sʰe²¹³/
/t͡se²¹³/
/t͡sei²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰɛʔ²¹/
Tunxi /t͡sʰa⁵/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sə²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡sæ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sɛʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /t͡set̚¹/
Taoyuan /t͡set̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sɐk̚⁵/
Nanning /t͡sɐk̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡sɐk̚⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡sʰik̚³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡sʰaiʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sɛ²⁴/
/t͡sʰɛ²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sʰek̚²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /sek̚⁵/
/sɔk̚⁵/
Rime
Character 側
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 莊 (18)
Final (韻) 職 (134)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 阻力切
Baxter tsrik
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ʃɨk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʈ͡ʂɨk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ʃiek̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʈ͡ʂik̚/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ʃiək̚/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ʃĭək̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ʈ͡ʂi̯ək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhe
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zik1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 側
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		cè
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsrik ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ts]rək/
English slanting, oblique; side

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 側
Reading # 1/1
No. 16600
Phonetic
component 		則
Rime
group 		職
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		稄
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔsrɯɡ/

Definitions

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側

  1. side
    本側開門／本侧开门  ―  běn cè kāimén  ―  Exit this side
  2. to lean to one side; to incline; to slant

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of 側 – see 仄 (“slanting; oblique; narrow; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of 仄).

Japanese

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Kanji

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側

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja

Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
側
がわ
Grade: 4
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

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Noun

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側(がわ) • (gawa) ←がは (gafa)?

  1. side

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
側
そば
Grade: 4
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
傍

Pronunciation

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Noun

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側(そば) • (soba) 

  1. vicinity, near, beside, side
    泣(な)かないで。僕(ぼく)は傍(そば)にいるから。
    Nakanaide. Boku wa soba ni iru kara.
    Don't cry, for I am by your side.
Derived terms
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Derived terms

Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
側
かわ
Grade: 4
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

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Noun

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側(かわ) • (kawa) ←かは (kafa)?

  1. side

Etymology 4

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Kanji in this term
側
はた
Grade: 4
irregular
Alternative spellings
端
傍

Pronunciation

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Noun

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側(はた) • (hata) 

  1. vicinity

Etymology 5

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Kanji in this term
側
かたわら
Grade: 4
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 側 – see the following entry.
【かたわら】
[adverb] in addition, besides, while
[noun] the side of something
[noun] a person nearby
[noun] the area nearby; vicinity
[noun] a remote partially built-up area along a major highway
[noun] in addition to…, while doing…, on the other hand…
Alternative spellings
傍ら, 傍, 側ら, 旁, 脇
(This term, 側, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 6

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Kanji in this term
側
そく
Grade: 4
on'yomi

Middle Chinese 側 (t͡ʃɨk̚)

Pronunciation

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Affix

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側(そく) • (soku) 

  1. side
Derived terms
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Derived terms

Noun

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側(そく) • (soku) 

  1. the first of the Eight Principles of Yong
Hypernyms
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Coordinate terms
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References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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側 (eum 측 (cheuk))

  1. side

Vietnamese

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Han character

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側: Hán Nôm readings: trắc, trắt, trặc

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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