View source for du

{{also|Appendix:Variations of "du"}}
{{minitoc}}
==Abinomn==

===Noun===
{{head|bsa|noun}}

# [[name]]

==Äiwoo==

===Determiner===
{{head|nfl|determiner}}

# [[all]]

===References===
* {{R:ABVD|lang=Äiwoo|id=501|cite={{cite-journal|author=Ross, M. & Næss, Å.|year=2007|title=An Oceanic origin for Äiwoo, the language of the Reef Islands?|work=Oceanic Linguistics|volume=46|issue=2}}.}}

==Albanian==

===Verb===
{{sq-verb}}

# {{alt form of|sq|from=dialectal|dua}}

==Alemannic German==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|gsw|/du/}}

===Pronoun===
{{head|gsw|pronoun}}

# [[thou]], [[you]]

====Declension====
{{gsw-decl-personal pronouns}}

==Amanab==

===Noun===
{{head|amn|noun}}

# a kind of [[bird]]

==Ashkun==
{{cardinalbox|ask|1|2|3|ac̣|trë}}

===Etymology===
From {{inh|ask|iir-nur-pro|*dū}}, from {{inh|ask|iir-pro|*dwáH}}, from {{inh|ask|ine-pro|*dwóh₁}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|ask|/ˈdu/}}

===Numeral===
{{head|ask|numeral}} {{q|Sanu}}<ref name="NEL">{{R:iir-nur:NEL|d′u}}</ref>

# [[two]]

===References===
<references/>

==Bambara==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|bm|[dúù]}}

===Noun===
{{head|bm|noun}}

# [[household]]

===References===
* 2007. [http://archive.phonetics.ucla.edu/Language/BAM/bam.html The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive]. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

{{topics|bm|Collectives|Household}}

==Basque==

===Pronunciation===
{{eu-pr|+<audio:LL-Q8752 (eus)-Xabier Cañas-du.wav>}}

===Verb===
{{head|eu|verb form}}

# {{eu-verb form of|izan|nor-nork|hark hura|presi}}

====Usage notes====
{{U:eu:edun}}

==Bavarian==

===Etymology===
Cognate with {{cog|de|du}}.

===Pronoun===
{{head|bar|pronoun|cat2=personal pronouns}}

# [[you]] {{q|nominative, singular}}

===See also===
{{bar-decl-personal_pronouns}}

==Breton==

===Etymology===
{{root|br|ine-pro|*dʰewbʰ-}}
From {{inh|br|cel-bry-pro|*duβ}}, from {{inh|br|cel-pro|*dubus}}, from {{der|br|ine-pro|*dʰewbʰ-}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|br|/ˈdyː/}}

===Adjective===
{{head|br|adjective}}

# [[black]]
# [[swollen]]
# [[starved]]

====Mutation====
{{br-adjective-mutation|d|u|uoc'h|uañ}}

====Derived terms====
* {{l|br|dua}}

===Noun===
{{head|br|noun|g=m}}

# {{l|en|black}}

====Mutation====
{{br-noun-mutation|d|u|g=m}}

===Verb===
{{head|br|verb form}}

# {{inflection of|br|duañ||3|s|pres|indc}}

====Mutation====
{{br-verb-mutation|d|u|g=m}}

===See also===
{{table:colors/br}}

{{C|br|Colors}}

==Burushaski==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|bsk|[d̪u]}}

===Noun===
{{head|bsk|noun|plural|duwants}}

# [[yew]]

===See also===
* {{l|bsk|halkaas mamushi}}
* {{l|bsk|meenis}}

===References===
{{R:bsk:Munshi}}

{{C|bsk|Animals}}

==Catalan==

===Verb===
{{head|ca|verb form}}

# {{ca-verb form of|dur}}

==Cimbrian==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|cim|gmh|du}}, from {{inh|cim|goh|dū}}, from {{inh|cim|gmw-pro|*þū}}, from {{inh|cim|gem-pro|*þū}}. Cognate with {{cog|de|du}}, archaic {{cog|en|thou}} (modern dialectal {{m|en|tha}}).

===Pronoun===
{{head|cim|pronoun|cat2=personal pronouns}} <!--/du/-->

# {{lb|cim|Luserna|7}} [[you]] {{gl|[[thou]], ''singular familiar''}}
#: {{uxi|cim|Bobrall '''du''' geast, gedenkhte ber '''du''' pist.|Wherever '''you''' go, remember who '''you''' are.}}

====Inflection====
Sette Comuni:
{{cim-decl-personal pronouns}}
Luserna:
{{cim-decl-personal pronouns-luserna}}

===References===
* {{R:Martalar1974}}
* {{R:Patuzzi}}

==Cornish==

===Etymology===
{{root|kw|ine-pro|*dʰewbʰ-}}
From {{inh|kw|cel-bry-pro|*duβ}}, from {{inh|kw|cel-pro|*dubus}}, from {{der|kw|ine-pro|*dʰewbʰ-}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|kw|[dyː]|a=Revived Middle Cornish}}
* {{IPA|kw|[diˑʊ]|a=Revived Late Cornish}}

===Adjective===
{{head|kw|adjective}}

# {{l|en|black}}

===Mutation===
{{kw-mut-cons|d|u}}

===See also===
{{table:colors/kw}}

{{C|kw|Colors}}

==Danish==

===Etymology 1===
From {{inh|da|gmq-oda|thu}}, from {{inh|da|non|þú}}, from {{inh|da|gem-pro|*þū}}, from {{inh|da|ine-pro|*túh₂||you}}. Cognate with {{cog|en|thou}}, {{cog|la|tū}}, {{cog|sa|त्वम्}}, {{cog|ae|𐬙𐬏𐬨}}, {{cog|ru|ты}}.

====Pronunciation====
* {{IPA|da|[ˈd̥u]|[d̥u]}}

====Pronoun====
{{head|da|pronoun|objective|dig|cat2=personal pronouns}}

# [[thou]], [[you]] {{q|2nd person singular subject pronoun, informal}}

=====See also=====
{{Danish personal pronouns}}

===Etymology 2===
{{root|da|ine-pro|*dʰewgʰ-}}
From {{inh|da|gmq-oda|dughæ}}, from {{inh|da|non|duga}}, from {{inh|da|gem-pro|*duganą||to be useful}}, cognate with {{cog|sv|duga}}, {{cog|de|taugen}}, {{cog|got|𐌳𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽}}.

====Pronunciation====
* {{IPA|da|[ˈd̥uːˀ]}}

====Verb====
{{head|da|verb|imperative|du|present|dur|or|duer|past|duede|past participle|duet}}

# be [[good]]
# be [[fit]]

=====Conjugation=====
{{da-conj|du|du|[[duer]] or [[dur]]|ede|h|et|-|-|-|-}}

==Dena'ina==

===Particle===
{{head|tfn|particle}}

# interrogative particle (placed at the end of the sentence to make a question)

==Dutch==

===Alternative forms===
* {{alt|nl|dou||obsolete|Hollandic}}

===Etymology===
From {{inh|nl|dum|du}}, from {{inh|nl|odt|thū}}, from {{inh|nl|gmw-pro|*þū}}, from {{inh|nl|gem-pro|*þū}}, from {{der|nl|ine-pro|*túh₂}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|nl|/dy/}}
* {{hyphenation|nl|du}}
* {{rhymes|nl|y}}

===Pronoun===
{{head|nl|pronoun|cat2=personal pronouns}}

# {{lb|nl|obsolete|or|dialectal}} {{ng|Second-person singular informal pronoun}}; [[thou]]
#* {{quote-text|nl|year=1620|author=Jacob Cats|title=Velt-teycken, alle eerbare jonge lieden toegeeygent
|passage=Sy roept, '''du''' bist een slaef, in mijne dienst gebonden|t=She calls, '''thou''' art a slave, bound to my service}}
#* {{quote-text|nl|year=1625|author=Joost van den Vondel|title=Wiech-liedt
|passage=Soo leyt '''dyn''' memmetje '''dy''' in '''dyn''' wiechje te rust.|t=So '''thy''' mama lays '''thee''' to rest in '''thy''' cradle.}}

====Usage notes====
* ''Du'' was already falling out of general use in early modern Dutch. It was still relatively common in the oblique cases, in vocatives or close to vocative appositions and when indicating contempt.
* The corresponding verbal ending was {{m|nl|-st}}. The present form of {{m|nl|zijn}} was {{m|nl|bist}}, for {{m|nl|hebben}} the present forms {{m|nl|hebst}} and {{m|nl|hest}} were in use. When the nominative directly followed the verb, contraction usually occurred: ''-stu''; ''bistu'', ''hebstu''.

====Declension====
* Nominative: {{l|nl|du}}, {{l|nl|dou}}, {{l|nl|douw}}
* Oblique: {{l|nl|dij}}, {{l|nl|dy}}
* Possessive: {{l|nl|dijn}}, {{l|nl|dyn}}

==Elfdalian==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|ovd|non|þú}}, from {{inh|ovd|gem-pro|*þū}}, from {{inh|ovd|ine-pro|*túh₂}}. Cognate with {{cog|sv|du}}.

===Pronoun===
{{head|ovd|pronoun|cat2=personal pronouns}}

# [[you]] {{gloss|singular}}, [[thou]]

==Esperanto==
{{number box|eo|2}}

===Etymology===
From {{der|eo|la|duo}}, from {{der|eo|ine-pro|*dwóh₁}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|eo|/du/}}
* {{audio|eo|Eo-du.ogg}}

===Numeral===
{{eo-card}}

# [[two]] ([[2]])

====Derived terms====
* {{l|eo|duo}}
* {{l|eo|dupunkto||colon}}

{{eo BRO|1}}
{{eo GCSE|0}}
{{Universala Vortaro}}
{{cln|eo|cardinal numbers}}

==Fala==

===Alternative forms===
* {{alt|fax|do||Mañegu}}

===Etymology===
From {{inh|fax|roa-opt|do}}, equivalent to {{af|fax|nocat=1|de|u|t1=of|pos2=masculine singular definite article}}.

===Contraction===
{{head|fax|contractions|g=m-s|plural|dus|feminine|da|feminine plural|das}}

# {{lb|fax|Lagarteiru|Valverdeñu}} [[of]] [[the]]

===References===
* {{R:fax:Diccionariu|30}}

==French==

===Etymology===
{{inh+|fr|fro|del}}. The expected modern form would be ''*deau'', but it underwent stronger contraction. Akin to {{cog|gl|do}}, {{cog|pt|do}}, {{cog|scn|dû}}, {{cog|it,es|del}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{fr-IPA}}
* {{audio|fr|Fr-du.ogg}}
* {{IPA|fr|[d͡zy]|[d͡zʏ]|a=Quebec}}
* {{homophones|fr|dû|due|dues|dus|dût}}

===Contraction===
{{head|fr|contraction}}

# {{contraction of|fr|[[de]] + [[le]]|nodot=1|t=of the}}
#: {{ux|fr|« Eussent » est la troisième personne '''du''' pluriel de l'imparfait '''du''' subjonctif de « avoir ».|"Eussent" is the third-person plural imperfect subjunctive [form] of "avoir."}}
#* {{quote-book|fr|year=1802|author=Charles Brillat; Pierre Bazaine|title=fr:Métrologie française|page=249
|passage=Le bouge donne 9 <small>[neuf]</small> litres plus que le point qui correspond à celui '''du''' diamètre des fonds indiqué par la jauge {{...}}
|translation=The bulge gives 9 <small>[nine]</small> liters more than the point which corresponds to that '''of the''' diameter of the base indicated by the gauge {{...}}}}

====Usage notes====
* Only used before nouns (or nominalized forms of other parts of speech, most often adjectives) that begin with consonants; before vowel-initial words, the form {{m|fr|de l'}} is used, e.g., as seen above, {{m|fr||de l'imparfait}}.

====Related terms====
* {{l|fr|duquel}}

===Article===
{{head|fr|article|g=m-s|feminine singular|[[de]] [[la]]|plural|des}}

# {{n-g|Forms the partitive article.}}
#: {{uxi|fr|Il mange '''du''' pain.|He eats bread. / He eats '''some''' bread.}}

====Usage notes====
* The partitive article is used with [[uncountable]] nouns instead of the indefinite article (which is only used with countable nouns). English and most other European languages do not use any article in such cases.
* Like the indefinite article, the partitive article becomes simple {{m|fr|de}} with grammatical objects in negated sentences: {{m|fr||Il ne mange pas '''de''' pain.|He doesn't eat bread.}}
* After the actual preposition {{m|fr||de|t=of, from}}, the partitive article is deleted. So one can never say {{m|fr||*de du}} or {{m|fr||*de de la}}.

===Further reading===
* {{R:fr:TLFi}}

==Gaikundi==

===Noun===
{{head|gbf|noun}}

# [[man]]

===Further reading===
* ''[http://www.sil.org/pacific/png/pubs/928474542275/Gaikundi.pdf Gaikundi-Ontena Organised Phonology Data]'' (2011)

==German==

===Alternative forms===
* {{alter|de|Du}}

===Etymology===
From {{inh|de|gmh|du}}, {{m|gmh|duo}}, {{m|gmh|dū}}, from {{inh|de|goh|dū}} (akin to {{cog|osx|thū}} and {{cog|en|thou}}), itself from {{inh|de|gmw-pro|*þū}}, from {{inh|de|gem-pro|*þū}}, from {{inh|de|ine-pro|*túh₂}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{q|stressed}} {{IPA|de|/duː/}}
:* {{audio|de|De-du.ogg}}
:* {{audio|de|De-du2.ogg}}
:* {{rhymes|de|uː|s=1}}
* {{q|unstressed|standard}} {{IPA|de|/du/}}
* {{q|unstressed|colloquial}} {{IPA|de|/də/}}
* After the second person singular verb ending {{m|de|-st}}, the {{IPAchar|/d/}} is generally lost when the pronoun is unstressed. Thus {{m|de||hast du}} is pronounced {{IPAchar|[ˈhast‿u]}} even in purposefully enunciated speech.
* In colloquial speech, chiefly of northern and central Germany, the {{IPAchar|/d/}} can be lost after any preceding [[coronal]]. Thus {{m|de||wenn du}} may be pronounced {{IPAchar|[ˈvɛn‿u]}} or {{IPAchar|[ˈvɛn‿ə]}}.

===Pronoun===
{{head|de|pronoun|cat2=personal pronouns}}

# [[you]] (singular familiar), [[thou]]

====Usage notes====
* ''Du'' is the informal second person pronoun. In formal speech, the third person plural ''Sie'' (always capitalised) is used instead.
* A general rule of thumb is that ''du'' is used to address one's friends, relatives, and those under about 16 years of age. ''Du'' is always used to address children and non-human beings.
* Usage also depends on the setting: two unacquainted, middle-aged persons are likely to use ''du'' when they meet at social gatherings, but much less so when they happen on each other in the street. People under 30 often use ''du'' among each other, but they still use ''Sie'' when one of them is at work, e.g. in a shop (some cafés and most pubs are an exception).
* There is also a great deal of (often subtle) regional variation throughout the German-speaking world.

====Declension====
{{de-decl-personal pronouns}}

====Derived terms====
* {{l|de|duzen}}
* {{l|de|Du|g=n}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:Duden}}
* {{R:DWDS}}

==Gothic==

===Romanization===
{{got-rom}}

# {{romanization of|got|𐌳𐌿}}

==Gun==

===Alternative forms===
*{{alter|guw|ɖù}} ''(Benin)

===Etymology===
From {{inh|guw|alv-gbe-pro|*ɖu}}. Cognates include {{cog|fon|ɖù}}, {{cog|sxw|ɖù}}, {{cog|ajg|ɖù}}, {{cog|ee|ɖu}}

===Pronunciation===
*{{IPA|guw|/ɖù/}}

===Verb===
{{head|guw|verb|head=dù}} {{tlb|guw|Nigeria}}

# to [[eat]]
# to [[bite]]
#: {{uxi|guw|Àgọ̀sú hò àvún dàhó dé bọ̀ àvún wá '''dù''' ví étọ̀n|Agosu bought a certain big dog and the dog eventually '''bit''' his child}}
# to [[win]]

====Derived terms====
{{der3|guw
|dù nú <t:to eat something>
|dù kwẹ́ <t:to spend money>
|dù wìyán <t:to be ashamed>
|dù hwè <t:to celebrate>
|dù yà <t:to suffer>
|dù nùgò <t:to boast>
|dù àxọ́ <t:to go bankrupt/have debt>
|dù àdì <t:to be angry>
|dù gbẹ́ <t:to enjoy life>
|dù gán <t:to become a chief>
|vòdùtọ́ <t:candidate>
|núdùdù <t:food>
}}

==Hunsrik==

===Alternative forms===
* {{alt|hrx|tuu||Wiesemann}}

===Etymology===
From {{inh|hrx|gmh|-}} and {{inh|hrx|goh|dū}} (akin to {{cog|osx|thū}} and {{cog|en|thou}}), itself from {{inh|hrx|gem-pro|*þū}}, from {{inh|hrx|ine-pro|*túh₂}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|hrx|/tuː/|/tə/}}

===Pronoun===
{{head|hrx|pronoun}}

# [[thou]], [[you]]
#: {{ux|hrx|'''Du''' bist aarich scheen.|'''You''' are so beautiful.}}

====Inflection====
{{hrx-decl-personal pronouns}}

===Further reading===
* [http://www.hunsrik.org/Lexi/SearchResult?searchStr=du Online Hunsrik Dictionary]

==Ido==
{{number box|io|2}}

===Etymology===
From {{der|io|eo|du}}, from {{der|io|fr|deux}}, {{der|io|es|dos}}, {{der|io|it|due}}, ultimately from {{der|io|ine-pro|*dwóh₁}}.

===Numeral===
{{head|io|numeral|cat2=cardinal numbers}}

# [[two]] (2)

==Jamaican Creole==

===Etymology===
{{der+|jam|en|do}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|jam|/du/}}

===Verb===
{{jam-verb}}

# to [[do]]
#: {{ux|jam|Shi aks im fi '''du''' sitn fi ar.|She asked him to '''do''' something for her.}}
#: {{ux|jam|Singin muotaim '''du''' ina gruup a ada myuuzishan|Singing is often '''done''' in a group of other musicians}}
#* {{RQ:jam:DJNT|Philippians|4|13|Mi kyan '''du''' eniting, kaaz Krais Jiizas gi mi di powa fi '''du''' it.|I can '''do''' all things through Christ, because he gives me strength [to '''do''' it].}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:jam:majstro.com}}

==Japanese==

===Romanization===
{{ja-romaji}}

# {{Latn-def|ja|syllable|-|ドゥ|du}}

==Kalasha==

===Etymology===
From {{der|kls|sa|द्व}}, from {{inh|kls|ine-pro|*dwóh₁}}. Compare {{cog|hi|दो}}, {{cog|bho|दू}}, {{cog|kok|दोन}}.

===Numeral===
{{head|kls|numeral|cat2=cardinal numbers}}

# [[two]] (2)

==Lithuanian==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|lt|bat-pro|*d(u)u̯ō}}, from {{inh|lt|ine-pro|*dwóh₁}}. Compare {{cog|lv|divi}}. Cognate to {{cog|la|duo}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|lt|[d̪ʊ]}}

===Numeral===
{{cardinalbox|lt|1|2|3|vienas|trys|ord=antras}}
{{head|lt|numeral|g=m|feminine|dvì|cat2=cardinal numbers|head=dù}}

# [[two]] (2)

====Declension====
{{lt-decl-numeral|dù|dvì|dviejų̃|dviejų̃|dvíem|dvíem|dù|dvì|dviẽm|dviẽm|dviejuosè|dviejosè}}
{{lt-numeral|du|dvi|dveji|dvejos|dvejetas|dvejeta|antras|antra}}

==Lower Sorbian==

===Etymology===
From {{der|dsb|sla-pro||*jьdǫ|pos=first-person singular}} and {{m|sla-pro||*jьdǫtь|pos=third-person plural}}, inflected forms of {{m|sla-pro|*jьti}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|dsb|/du/}}

===Verb===
{{head|dsb|verb form}}

# {{inflection of|dsb|hyś||1|s|pres|;|3|p|pres}}

====Synonyms====
* {{sense|first-person singular}} {{l|dsb|źom}}

==Luxembourgish==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|lb|gem-pro|*þū}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|lb|/du/|[du(ː)]}}

===Pronoun===
{{head|lb|pronoun|cat2=personal pronouns}}

# ''second-person singular, informal, nominative'': [[you]], [[thou]]
#: {{ux|lb|Wéi al bass '''du'''?|How old are '''you'''?|inline=1}}

====Declension====
{{lb-decl-personal pronouns}}

==Mandarin==

===Romanization===
{{cmn-pinyin|notr=1}}

# {{nonstandard spelling of|cmn|sc=Latn|dū}}
# {{nonstandard spelling of|cmn|sc=Latn|dú}}
# {{nonstandard spelling of|cmn|sc=Latn|dǔ}}
# {{nonstandard spelling of|cmn|sc=Latn|dù}}

====Usage notes====
* {{cmn-toneless-note}}

==Middle Dutch==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|dum|odt|thū}}, from {{inh|dum|gmw-pro|*þū}}, from {{inh|dum|gem-pro|*þū}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|dum|/dyː/|/dy/}}
* {{IPA|dum|/duː/|/du/|a=Limburg}}

===Pronoun===
{{head|dum|pronoun}}

# [[thou]], [[you]] {{gloss|singular, informal}}
#: {{syn|dum|gi}}

====Usage notes====
This pronoun began to be replaced by {{m|dum|gi}} in formal address during the Middle Dutch period, and eventually fell out of use altogether.

====Inflection====
{{dum-decl-ppron}}

====Descendants====
* Dutch: {{q|obsolete}} {{l|nl|du}}, {{l|nl|dou}}, {{l|nl|douw}}
* {{desc|li|doe}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:VMNW|ID18232}}
* {{R:MNW|07899}}

==Middle English==

===Adjective===
{{head|enm|adjective}}

# {{alt form|enm|dewe|t=due}}

==Middle High German==

===Etymology===
{{inh+|gmh|goh|dū}}, from {{inh|gmh|gmw-pro|*þū}}, from {{inh|gmh|gem-pro|*þū}}, whence also {{cog|ang|þū}}, {{cog|non|þú}}, and ultimately from {{inh|gmh|ine-pro|*túh₂}}.

===Pronoun===
{{head|gmh|pronoun|head2=dû}}

# {{lb|gmh|personal}} [[you]] {{q|''[[thou]]'', singular familiar}}

====Inflection====
{{Middle High German personal pronouns}}

====Descendants====
* {{desc|gsw|du}}
*: {{desc|swg|dau}}, {{l|swg|d}}
* {{desc|bar|-}}
*: {{desc|cim|du}}
*: {{desc|mhn|du}}
* {{desc|gmw-cfr|du|dou}}
*: {{desc|hrx|du}}
*: {{desc|ksh|do}}
* {{desc|de|du}}
* {{desc|lb|du}}
* {{desc|gmw-rfr|-}}
*: {{desc|pfl|du}}
*: {{desc|pdc|du}}
* {{desc|yi|דו}}

==Middle Low German==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|gml|osx|thū}}, from {{inh|gml|gem-pro|*þū}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|gml|/duː/}}

===Pronoun===
{{head|gml|pronoun|head=dû}}

# [[thou]], [[you]] {{gloss|second person singular nominative}}

====Declension====
{{gml-perpron}}

====Descendants====
* {{l|nds|du}}

==Mòcheno==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|mhn|gmh|du}}, from {{inh|mhn|goh|dū}}, from {{inh|mhn|gmw-pro|*þū}}, from {{inh|mhn|gem-pro|*þū}}. Cognate with {{cog|de|du}}, archaic {{cog|en|thou}} (modern dialectal {{m|en|tha}}).

===Pronoun===
{{head|mhn|pronoun|cat2=personal pronouns}}

# [[you]] {{gl|[[thou]], singular familiar}}

====Inflection====
{{mhn-decl-personal pronouns}}

===References===
* {{R:CLM}}

==Mokilese==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|mkj|/ˈdu/}}

===Verb===
{{head|mkj|verbs}}

# {{lb|mkj|intransitive}} to [[sink]]

====Derived terms====
* {{l|mkj|kadu}}

==Norman==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|nrf|la|dux|dux, ducem}}.

===Noun===
{{head|nrf|noun|g=m}}

# [[duke]]

====Related terms====
* {{l|nrf|duchie}}

==North Frisian==

===Alternative forms===
* {{alt|frr|düünj||Mooring}}
* {{alt|frr|dö||Sylt}}

===Etymology===
From {{inh|frr|ofs|dwā}}, from {{inh|frr|gem-pro|*dōną}}. Cognates include {{cog|fy|dwaan}}, {{cog|en|do}}.

===Verb===
{{head|frr|verb}}

# {{lb|frr|Föhr-Amrum}} to {{l|en|do}}
# {{lb|frr|Föhr-Amrum}} to {{l|en|give}}

====Conjugation====
{{frr-FoehrAmrum-conj-table|inf_2=dun|ppp=den|pres_2=deest|pres_3=dee|past_1=ded, diad|past_2=dedst, diadst}}

==Northern Kurdish==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|kmr|ira-pro|*dwáH}} (compare {{cog|fa|دو|tr=do}}, {{cog|ps|دوه|tr=dwa}}, {{cog|ae|𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬀}}), from {{der|kmr|iir-pro|*dwáH}} (compare {{cog|sa|द्व|tr=dvá}}, {{cog|mr|दोन}}, {{cog|hi|दो}}/{{cog|ur|دو|tr=do}}, {{cog|pa|ਦੋ}}), from {{inh|kmr|ine-pro|*dwóh₁}} (compare {{cog|ru|два}}, {{cog|lt|du}}, {{cog|el|δύο}}, {{cog|es|dos}}, {{cog|en|two}}).

===Numeral===
{{ku-regional|ckb=دوو}}
{{head|kmr|numeral|cat2=cardinal numbers}}

# [[two]] (2)

==Northern Sami==

===Pronunciation===
* {{se-IPA|dū}}

===Pronoun===
{{head|se|pronoun form|head=dū}}

# {{inflection of|se|don||acc//gen}}

==Norwegian Bokmål==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|nb|non|þú||you}}, from {{inh|nb|gem-pro|*þū||you}}, from {{inh|nb|ine-pro|*túh₂||you}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|nb|/dʉː/|[dÿː]}}
* {{audio|nb|No-du.ogg}}

===Pronoun===
{{head|nb|pronoun|objective case|deg}}

# [[thou]], [[you]] (second person, singular)

====Derived terms====
* {{l|nb|due||to say 'you' to someone}}

===Verb===
{{head|nb|verb form}}

# {{infl of|nb|due||imp}}

====References====
* {{R:Dokumentasjonsprosjektet|lang=nb}}

===See also===
{{nb-pers-pron}}

==Norwegian Nynorsk==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|nn|non|þú}}, from {{inh|nn|gem-pro|*þū}}, from {{inh|nn|ine-pro|*túh₂}}. Akin to {{cog|en|thou}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|nn|/dʉː/}} {{nn-pronu-note}}

===Pronoun===
{{head|nn|pronoun|objective case|deg}}

# [[you]], [[thou]] (second person, singular)

====References====
* {{R:Dokumentasjonsprosjektet|lang=nn}}

===See also===
{{nn-pers-pron}}

==Nupe==

===Etymology 1===

====Pronunciation====
* {{IPA|nup|/dū/}}

====Verb====
{{nup-verb|du}}

# to [[boil]]
#: {{uxi|nup|Musa dàdà á nakàn '''du'''|Musa quickly '''boiled''' the meat}}
# to [[brew]]

===Etymology 2===

====Pronunciation====
* {{IPA|nup|/dù/}}

====Verb====
{{nup-verb|dù}}

# {{lb|nup|of rain}} to [[fall]]
#: {{uxi|nup|Ele è '''dù''' à|It's not raining|lit=Rain is not '''falling'''}}

===Etymology 3===

====Pronunciation====
* {{IPA|nup|/dū/}}

====Verb====
{{nup-verb|du}}

# to [[shake]]

==Obokuitai==

===Noun===
{{head|afz|noun}}

# [[bird]]

===Further reading===
Bill Palmer, ''The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area'' ({{ISBN|3110295253}}, 2017), page 531, table 95, ''Comparative basic vocabulary in Lakes Plain Languages''

==Old French==

===Alternative forms===
* {{l|fro|del}}

===Contraction===
{{head|fro|contraction}}

# contraction of '''[[de]]''' + '''[[le]]''' (of the)

==Old High German==
[[File:Bulach Inschrift.jpg|right|thumb|one drawing of the inscription on the Bülach fibula]]

===Alternative forms===
* {{alter|goh|thū|ᛞᚢ}}

===Etymology===
From {{inh|goh|gmw-pro|*þū}}, from {{inh|goh|gem-pro|*þū}}, whence also {{cog|ang|þū}}, {{cog|non|þú}}, and ultimately from {{inh|goh|ine-pro|*túh₂}}. Perhaps the earliest attestation of the pronoun is the inscription on the [[w:Bülach fibula|Bülach fibula]], which may show {{m|goh|sc=Runr|ᛞᚢ|tr=du}} already differentiated from other Germanic languages’ ''þu''.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|goh|/duː/}}

===Pronoun===
{{head|goh|pronoun|head=dū}}

# [[thou]], [[you]] {{q|second-person singular pronoun}}
#* '''6th-7th century''', inscription on the [[w:Bülach fibula|Bülach fibula]]:
#*: {{quote|goh|sc=Runr|ᚠᚱᛁᚠᚱᛁᛞᛁᛚ / '''ᛞᚢ''' / ...<br>frifridil / '''du''' / {{...}}|[my] beloved, '''you''' / {{...}}}}

====Usage notes====
Some speakers of [[Old High German]] appear to have contrasted the "polite" singular (plural forms) with the regular, informal singular (singular forms), as in [[New High German]] (Modern German) ''Sie'' versus ''du''. This distinction is however not well-attested, and may have been regional, genre-dependent, or only in Late Old High German.

====Inflection====
{{Old High German personal pronouns}}

====Descendants====
* {{desc|gmh|du}}
** {{desc|gsw|du}}
**: {{desc|swg|dau}}, {{l|swg|d}}
** {{desc|bar|-}}
**: {{desc|cim|du}}
**: {{desc|mhn|du}}
** {{desc|gmw-cfr|du|dou}}
**: {{desc|hrx|du}}
**: {{desc|ksh|do}}
** {{desc|de|du}}
** {{desc|lb|du}}
** {{desc|gmw-rfr|-}}
**: {{desc|pfl|du}}
**: {{desc|pdc|du}}
** {{desc|yi|דו}}

===References===
<!--all agree on the reading of {{monospace|frifridil / du}}-->
* Heinz Klingenberg, ''Runenfibel von Bülach, Kanton Zürich. Liebesinschrift aus alemannischer Frühzeit'', in the ''Alemannisches Jahrbuch'' ('''1973/75'''), page 308
* Heinz Klingenberg, ''Die Runeninschrift aus Bülach'', in ''Helvetia archaeologica'', volume 7 ('''1976'''), pages 116–121
* Stephan Opitz, ''Südgermanische Runeninschriften im älteren Futhark aus der Merowingerzeit'' (Freiburg im Breisgau, '''1977''')

==Old Irish==

===Preposition===
{{head|sga|preposition}}

# {{alt form|sga|do}}

===Mutation===
{{sga-mutation|d|u}}

==Pennsylvania German==

===Etymology===
Compare {{cog|de|du}}, {{cog|en|thou}}, {{cog|sv|du}}.

===Pronoun===
{{head|pdc|pronoun|cat2=personal pronouns}}

# [[you]], [[thou]]

====Declension====
{{pdc-decl-personal pronouns}}

==Pite Sami==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|sje|/tu/}}

===Pronoun===
{{head|sje|pronoun|cat2=demonstrative pronouns}}

# [[those]]

====See also====
{{sje-demonstrative pronouns}}

====References====
* {{R:sje:Wilbur:2014}}

==Plautdietsch==

===Pronoun===
{{head|pdt|pronoun}} (''oblique'' '''{{l|pdt|die}}''')

# [[you]] (singular)

==Romagnol==
{{number box|rgn|2}}

===Etymology===
From {{inh|rgn|la|duo|dŭo|t=two}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{rgn-IPA/2|rf=1|vu=1|'|d|ù}}

===Numeral===
{{head|rgn|numeral|feminine|dó}}

# [[two]]

===References===
* {{R:rgn:V|pages=189, 194}}

==Romanian==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|ro|[du]}}

===Verb===
{{head|ro|verb form}}

# {{verb form of|ro|duce||2s|imp}}
#: {{ux|ro|'''Du'''-[[te]] [[acasă]].|Go home.}}

==Saterland Frisian==

===Etymology===
{{dercat|stq|gem-pro|ine-pro|inh=2}}
From {{inh|stq|ofs|thū}}, from {{inh|stq|gmw-pro|*þū}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|stq|/du/}}
* {{hyph|stq|du}}
* {{rhymes|stq|u|s=1}}

===Pronoun===
{{head|stq|pronoun|cat2=personal pronouns|oblique|die}}

# [[thou]], [[you]]

====Usage notes====
* '''du''' is at times omitted when used with a verb.

====See also====
{{stq-personal pronouns}}

===References===
* {{R:stq:SW}}

==Scots==

===Pronoun===
{{head|sco|pronoun|objective case|dee|vocative|dee|possessive determiner|dines}}

# {{alt form|sco|thou|from=Insular Scots|t=thou}}

===Further reading===
{{R:DSL}}

==Sranan Tongo==

===Etymology 1===
From {{der|srn|en|do}}.

====Verb====
{{head|srn|verb}}

# to [[do]]

====Noun====
{{head|srn|noun}}

# [[deed]], [[action]]

===Etymology 2===
Probably from {{der|srn|ee|ɖú||dance}}, {{der|srn|fon|ɖùwè||dance}}.<ref>{{cite-book|author=Norval Smith|chapter=A preliminary list of probable Gbe lexical items in the Surinam Creoles|editors={{w|lang=nl|Pieter Muysken|P. Muysken}}, N. Smith|title= Surviving the Middle Passage: The West Africa-Surinam Sprachbund|location=Berlin|publisher=De Gruyter Mouton|year=2009|page=465|isbn=9783110343854}}.</ref>

====Noun====
{{head|srn|noun}}
# {{lb|srn|archaic}} [[dance]] [[performance]]

===References===
<references/>

==Sumerian==

===Romanization===
{{sux-rom}}

# {{romanization of|sux|𒁺|tr=du}}

==Swedish==
{{wikipedia|lang=sv}}

===Alternative forms===
* {{alt|sv|dhu|thu|tu|tv||obsolete}}
{{rel-top|Dialects}}
* {{alt|sv|do||kls}}
* {{alt|sv|do||lul}}
* {{alt|sv|dö||pit}}
{{rel-bottom}}

===Etymology===
From {{inh|sv|gmq-osw|þu|þū}}, from {{inh|sv|non|þú}}, from {{inh|sv|gem-pro|*þū}}, from {{inh|sv|ine-pro|*túh₂}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|sv|/dʉː/|[d̪ʉː]|q3=unstressed|/dɵ/}}
* {{audio|sv|Sv-du.ogg}}
* {{rhymes|sv|ʉː|s=1}}

===Pronoun===
{{head|sv|pronoun|cat2=personal pronouns}}

# [[you]] {{q|subjective case, singular}}
#: {{ux|sv|Nisse, '''du''' är en liten groda|Nisse, '''you''' are a small frog}}
#* {{quote-song|sv|author=w:sv:X Models|year=1981|title=w:Två av oss|trans-title=Two of us|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CPvOHYtBXyc|text=Det finns bara en av mig och det är jag. Det finns bara en av dig och det är '''du'''. Det finns bara två av oss, och det är vi.|t=There is only one of me and that is I. There is only one of you [object] and that is '''you''' [subject]. There are only two of us, and that is us [we – subject]. [Swedish has some of the same subject/object fuzziness as English, but a standalone "Det är <pronoun>" idiomatically (through intuition rather than being taught) uses the subject form]}}
## [[thou]] (if fitting for the context)
##* {{quote-book|1=sv|year=1649|author={{w|Jacobus Petri Chronander|lang=sv}}|title=Bele-Snack, Eller Een Ny Comœdia|section=act I, scene IV|page=40|url=|text='''TV''' Konstrijke Mästare, godt rådh giff,<br>Skall man nu skona thenna skelmens lijff?|t='''THOU''' artful Master, good counsel give,<br>Should one now spare this scoundrel's life?}}
# {{senseid|sv|vocative}} {{ng|Used as a [[vocative]] to get someone's attention; [[hey]]}}
#: {{ux|sv|'''Du''' Nisse, har du matat katten?|'''Hey''' Nisse, have you fed the cat?}}
#: {{ux|sv|'''Du''', {{l|sv|skola|skulle du kunna}} räcka mig skeden?|'''Hey''', could you hand me the spoon?}}
#: {{ux|sv|'''{{l|sv|jo|Jo}} du''', jag {{l|sv|komma på|kom precis på}} {{l|sv|en till}} grej vi måste göra|'''Oh, by the way''' [roughly – literally, "yeah you," or "listen you" or the like – see {{m|sv|jo}}], I just remembered another thing we need to do}}
#* {{quote-song|sv|lyricist=w:Astrid Lindgren|composer=w:Björn Isfält|artist=w:Lena Nyman|year=1984|title=[[w:sv:Vargsången|'''Varg'''sången]]|trans-title=The wolf song|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MHZBE4DKWZI|text=Vargen ylar i nattens skog. Han vill men kan inte sova. Hungern river hans vargabuk, och det är kallt i hans stova. '''Du''' varg, '''du''' varg, kom inte hit. Ungen min får du aldrig.|t=The wolf howls in the forest of the night. He wants to sleep but cannot. ["He wants to but cannot sleep" – "He wants to X" is "Han vill X"] [The] hunger tears his wolf's belly, and it is cold in his [[stove]] [archaic, dialectal, in the dated English sense]. '''Hey''' wolf, '''hey''' wolf, do not come here [hither, to here]. My child you will never have.}}

====Usage notes====
While {{m|sv|du}} is the traditionally familiar mode of address, it is since the early '70s the standard in almost all circumstances, possibly capitalized in formal communications. This was the result of the so-called ''{{w|Du-reformen|du-reformen}}''.

Recently, use of the second-person plural pronoun {{m|sv|ni}} as a less familiar (and thus more formal) pronoun has appeared to some extent, but mainly amongst shopkeepers towards customers.

The same pronoun {{m|sv|ni}} has also been used historically as a formal way of address, but its use has (in particular in Sweden, not so much in Swedish-speaking parts of Finland) been restricted to addressing people of lower social status, whereby a plethora of different constructions were employed as to avoid the issue of pronouns whatsoever. See also the article about [[w:T-V_distinction#Swedish|T-V distinction]] in Wikipedia.

====Declension====
{{sv-decl-ppron}}

====Derived terms====
* {{l|sv|dua}}
* {{l|sv|duskål}}

===References===
* {{R:svenska.se|so}}
* {{R:svenska.se|saol}}
* {{R:svenska.se|saob}}

===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|sv|a=du|UD}}

==Tlingit==

===Pronoun===
{{head|tli|pronoun|cat2=possessive pronouns}}

# [[his]]/[[her]]

====See also====
* {{l|tli|hú}}

==Tregami==
{{cardinalbox|trm|1|2|3|yo|tre}}

===Etymology===
From {{inh|trm|iir-nur-pro|*dū}}, from {{inh|trm|iir-pro|*dwáH}}, from {{inh|trm|ine-pro|*dwóh₁}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|trm|/ˈdu/}}

===Numeral===
{{head|trm|numeral}} {{q|Gambir}}<ref name="NEL">{{R:iir-nur:NEL|d′u}}</ref>

# [[two]]

===References===
<references />

==Venetan==

===Etymology===
Compare {{cog|it|due}}

===Numeral===
{{head|vec|numeral|g=m}}

# [[two]]

====Synonyms====
* {{l|vec|dó}}

{{cln|vec|cardinal numbers}}

==Vietnamese==

===Etymology===
Both characters below depict a single etymology. {{ltc-l|遊}} also has a less common reading {{m|vi|do}}, now seen only in {{m|vi|do thám}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{vi-IPA}}

===Romanization===
{{head|vi|romanization}}

# {{sino-vietnamese reading of|遊}}
# {{sino-vietnamese reading of|游}}

====Derived terms====
{{der3|vi|chu du|du khách|du lịch|du hành|viễn du|du khảo|du kích|mộng du|du di|du cư|du canh|du mục|thượng du|hạ du|trung du|ngao du|du côn|du đãng}}

==Welsh==

===Etymology===
{{root|cy|ine-pro|*dʰewbʰ-}}
From {{inh|cy|cel-bry-pro|*duβ}}, from {{inh|cy|cel-pro|*dubus}}, from {{der|cy|ine-pro|*dʰewbʰ-}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|cy|/dɨː/|a=cy-N}}
* {{IPA|cy|/diː/|a=cy-S}}
* {{homophones|cy|dŷ}}; {{q|South Wales}} {{l|cy|di}}
* {{rhymes|cy|ɨː|s=1}}

===Adjective===
{{cy-adj|ach|pl=duon}}

# [[black]]
#: {{ux|cy|Mae ganddo fo fwstash '''du'''.|He has a '''black''' mustache}}

====Derived terms====
* {{l|cy|du a gwyn||black and white; piebald}}
* {{l|cy|twll du||black hole}}
* {{l|cy|tyngu'r du yn wyn||to swear black is white}}

====Related terms====
* {{l|cy|düwch}}

===Mutation===
{{cy-mut}}

===See also===
{{table:colors/cy}}

==White Hmong==

===Pronunciation===
{{mww-pron}}

===Adjective===
{{head|mww|adjective}}

# [[smooth]]

==Yoruba==

===Etymology 1===

====Pronunciation====
*{{yo-IPA|dù}}

====Verb====
{{yo-verb|dù}}

# to [[scramble]] for, to [[compete]]
#: {{uxi|yo|wọ́n '''du''' oúnjẹ|They '''scrambled''' for food}}

=====Usage notes=====
*'''du''' before a direct object

=====Derived terms=====
*{{l|yo|ìdu}}
*{{l|yo|ìjàdù|t=scramble; struggle}}

===Etymology 2===

====Pronunciation====
*{{yo-IPA|du}}

====Verb====
{{yo-verb|du}}

# {{lb|yo|Lagos|intransitive}} to [[run]], to [[sprint]]
#: {{syn|yo|sá}}

=====Derived terms=====
*{{l|yo|ìdu}}

===Etymology 3===

====Pronunciation====
*{{yo-IPA|dú}}

====Verb====
{{yo-verb|dú}}

# {{lb|yo|intransitive|of a person or animal}} to [[bleed]]
#: {{syn|yo|dújẹ̀|ṣẹ̀jẹ̀}}

=====Derived terms=====
*{{l|yo|ìdú|t=the act of bleeding}}

===Etymology 4===
Cognate with {{cog|igl|dú}}

====Pronunciation====
*{{yo-IPA|dú}}

====Verb====
{{yo-verb|dú}}

# to be [[black]], to be [[dark]]
#: {{antonyms|yo|fun}}
#: {{uxi|yo|ó '''dú''' láwọ̀|Her skin '''is dark'''}}

=====Derived terms=====
{{der3|yo
|{{l|yo|dúdú|t=black}}
|{{l|yo|adú|t=something that is black}}
|{{l|yo|Adú|t=A Yoruba nickname for someone who is dark in complextion}}
|{{l|yo|èédú|t=coal, charcoal}}
|{{l|yo|dú láwọ̀|t=to have a black skin color}}
|{{l|yo|igbódú|t=dark or dense forest}}
|{{l|yo|ilẹ̀dú|t=dark, nutrient rich soil}}
|{{l|yo|òdú|t=the plant {{w|American black nightshade}}}}
|{{l|yo|Ilẹ̀ Adúláwọ̀|t=Africa}}
}}