August 1944 lunar eclipse
| Penumbral eclipse | |||||||||
 The Moon's hourly motion shown right to left | |||||||||
| Date | August 4, 1944 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gamma | −1.2843 | ||||||||
| Magnitude | −0.4758 | ||||||||
| Saros cycle | 147 (5 of 71) | ||||||||
| Penumbral | 179 minutes, 6 seconds | ||||||||
| |||||||||
A penumbral lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Friday, August 4, 1944,[1] with an umbral magnitude of −0.4758. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring about 1.5 days before perigee (on August 5, 1944, at 23:45 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.[2]
This eclipse was the third of four penumbral lunar eclipses in 1944, with the others occurring on February 9, July 6, and December 29.
Visibility
[edit]The eclipse was completely visible over Australia and Antarctica, seen rising over east and south Asia and setting over western North and South America.[3]
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Eclipse details
[edit]Shown below is a table displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[4]
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Penumbral Magnitude | 0.47847 |
| Umbral Magnitude | −0.47577 |
| Gamma | −1.28428 |
| Sun Right Ascension | 08h57m44.4s |
| Sun Declination | +17°12'21.5" |
| Sun Semi-Diameter | 15'46.0" |
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 08.7" |
| Moon Right Ascension | 20h58m45.5s |
| Moon Declination | -18°28'52.1" |
| Moon Semi-Diameter | 16'31.4" |
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 1°00'38.5" |
| ΔT | 26.7 s |
Eclipse season
[edit]This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight. The first and last eclipse in this sequence is separated by one synodic month.
| July 6 Descending node (full moon) |
July 20 Ascending node (new moon) |
August 4 Descending node (full moon) |
|---|---|---|
 |
 |
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| Penumbral lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 109 |
Annular solar eclipse Solar Saros 135 |
Penumbral lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 147 |
Related lunar eclipses
[edit]Eclipses in 1944
[edit]- A total solar eclipse on January 25.
- A penumbral lunar eclipse on February 9.
- A penumbral lunar eclipse on July 6.
- An annular solar eclipse on July 20.
- A penumbral lunar eclipse on August 4.
- A penumbral lunar eclipse on December 29.
Metonic
[edit]- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of October 16, 1940
Tzolkinex
[edit]- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of September 15, 1951
Half-Saros
[edit]- Preceded by: Solar eclipse of July 30, 1935
- Followed by: Solar eclipse of August 9, 1953
Tritos
[edit]- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of September 4, 1933
Lunar Saros 147
[edit]- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of July 25, 1926
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of August 15, 1962
Inex
[edit]- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of August 24, 1915
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of July 15, 1973
Triad
[edit]- Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of October 3, 1857
- Followed by: Lunar eclipse of June 5, 2031
Lunar eclipses of 1940–1944
[edit]This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of lunar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[5]
The penumbral lunar eclipses on April 22, 1940 and October 16, 1940 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the penumbral lunar eclipses on July 6, 1944 and December 29, 1944 occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.
| Lunar eclipse series sets from 1940 to 1944 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ascending node | Descending node | |||||||
| Saros | Date Viewing |
Type Chart |
Gamma | Saros | Date Viewing |
Type Chart |
Gamma | |
| 102 | 1940 Mar 23
|
Penumbral
|
−1.5034 | 107 | ||||
| 112 | 1941 Mar 13
|
Partial
|
−0.8437 | 117 | 1941 Sep 05
|
Partial
|
0.9747 | |
| 122 | 1942 Mar 03
|
Total
|
−0.1545 | 127 | 1942 Aug 26
|
Total
|
0.1818 | |
| 132 | 1943 Feb 20
|
Partial
|
0.5752 | 137 | 1943 Aug 15
|
Partial
|
−0.5534 | |
| 142 | 1944 Feb 09
|
Penumbral
|
1.2698 | 147 | 1944 Aug 04
|
Penumbral
|
−1.2843 | |
Saros 147
[edit]This eclipse is a part of Saros series 147, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 70 events. The series started with a penumbral lunar eclipse on July 2, 1890. It contains partial eclipses from September 28, 2034 through May 27, 2431; total eclipses from June 6, 2449 through October 5, 2647; and a second set of partial eclipses from October 16, 2665 through May 1, 2990. The series ends at member 70 as a penumbral eclipse on July 28, 3145.
The longest duration of totality will be produced by member 37 at 105 minutes, 18 seconds on August 1, 2539. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit.[6]
| Greatest | First | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The greatest eclipse of the series will occur on 2539 Aug 01, lasting 105 minutes, 18 seconds.[7] | Penumbral | Partial | Total | Central |
| 1890 Jul 02 |
2034 Sep 28
|
2449 Jun 06 |
2485 Jun 28 | |
| Last | ||||
| Central | Total | Partial | Penumbral | |
| 2593 Sep 02 |
2647 Oct 05 |
2990 May 01 |
3134 Jul 28 | |
Eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.
| Series members 1–18 occur between 1890 and 2200: | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | |||
| 1890 Jul 02 | 1908 Jul 13 | 1926 Jul 25 | |||
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| 4 | 5 | 6 | |||
| 1944 Aug 04 | 1962 Aug 15 | 1980 Aug 26 | |||
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| 7 | 8 | 9 | |||
| 1998 Sep 06 | 2016 Sep 16 | 2034 Sep 28 | |||
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| 10 | 11 | 12 | |||
| 2052 Oct 08 | 2070 Oct 19 | 2088 Oct 30 | |||
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| 13 | 14 | 15 | |||
| 2106 Nov 11 | 2124 Nov 21 | 2142 Dec 03 | |||
| 16 | 17 | 18 | |||
| 2160 Dec 13 | 2178 Dec 24 | 2197 Jan 04 | |||
Half-Saros cycle
[edit]A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a half saros).[8] This lunar eclipse is related to two total solar eclipses of Solar Saros 154.
| July 30, 1935 | August 9, 1953 |
|---|---|
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See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "August 4, 1944 Penumbral Lunar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 19 December 2024.
- ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 19 December 2024.
- ^ "Penumbral Lunar Eclipse of 1944 Aug 04" (PDF). NASA. Retrieved 19 December 2024.
- ^ "Penumbral Lunar Eclipse of 1944 Aug 04". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 19 December 2024.
- ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
- ^ "NASA - Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 147". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.
- ^ Listing of Eclipses of series 147
- ^ Mathematical Astronomy Morsels, Jean Meeus, p.110, Chapter 18, The half-saros
External links
[edit]- Saros series 147
- 1944 Aug 04 chart Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA/GSFC
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