Michigan's 1st Congressional District

Michigan's 1st Congressional District

Incumbent

Jack Bergman

Assumed office: January 3, 2017

Michigan's 1st Congressional District in the United States House of Representatives is represented by Jack Bergman (R).

As of the 2020 Census, Michigan representatives represented an average of 775,726 residents. After the 2010 Census, each member represented 707,973 residents.

Elections

2024

See also: Michigan's 1st Congressional District election, 2024

Michigan's 1st Congressional District election, 2024 (August 6 Democratic primary)

Michigan's 1st Congressional District election, 2024 (August 6 Republican primary)

General election

General election for U.S. House Michigan District 1

Incumbent Jack Bergman defeated Callie Barr, Liz Hakola, and Andrew Gale in the general election for U.S. House Michigan District 1 on November 5, 2024.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Jack Bergman (R)	59.2	282,264
		Callie Barr (D)	37.9	180,937
	Submit photo	Liz Hakola (Working Class Party)	1.8	8,497
		Andrew Gale (L)	1.1	5,486

---

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 477,184
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Bensson Samuel (Independent)

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 1

Callie Barr defeated Bob Lorinser in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 1 on August 6, 2024.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Callie Barr	58.5	40,787
		Bob Lorinser	41.5	28,936

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 69,723
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 1

Incumbent Jack Bergman defeated Joshua Saul in the Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 1 on August 6, 2024.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Jack Bergman	79.3	92,498
		Joshua Saul	20.7	24,155

---

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 116,653
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• J.D. Wilson (R)

Libertarian convention

Libertarian convention for U.S. House Michigan District 1

Andrew Gale advanced from the Libertarian convention for U.S. House Michigan District 1 on July 20, 2024.

		Candidate
✔		Andrew Gale (L)

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Working Class Party convention

Working Class Party convention for U.S. House Michigan District 1

Liz Hakola advanced from the Working Class Party convention for U.S. House Michigan District 1 on June 23, 2024.

		Candidate
✔	Submit photo	Liz Hakola (Working Class Party)

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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2022

See also: Michigan's 1st Congressional District election, 2022

General election

General election for U.S. House Michigan District 1

Incumbent Jack Bergman defeated Bob Lorinser, Liz Hakola, and Andrew Gale in the general election for U.S. House Michigan District 1 on November 8, 2022.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Jack Bergman (R)	60.0	233,094
		Bob Lorinser (D)	37.4	145,403
	Submit photo	Liz Hakola (Working Class Party)	1.4	5,510
		Andrew Gale (L)	1.2	4,592

---

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 388,599
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 1

Bob Lorinser advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 1 on August 2, 2022.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Bob Lorinser	100.0	67,251

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 67,251
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 1

Incumbent Jack Bergman advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 1 on August 2, 2022.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Jack Bergman	100.0	111,911
		Other/Write-in votes	0.0	6

---

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 111,917
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Libertarian convention

Libertarian convention for U.S. House Michigan District 1

Andrew Gale advanced from the Libertarian convention for U.S. House Michigan District 1 on July 10, 2022.

		Candidate
✔		Andrew Gale (L)

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
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Working Class Party convention

Working Class Party convention for U.S. House Michigan District 1

Liz Hakola advanced from the Working Class Party convention for U.S. House Michigan District 1 on June 26, 2022.

		Candidate
✔	Submit photo	Liz Hakola (Working Class Party)

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
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2020

See also: Michigan's 1st Congressional District election, 2020

General election

General election for U.S. House Michigan District 1

Incumbent Jack Bergman defeated Dana Alan Ferguson and Ben Boren in the general election for U.S. House Michigan District 1 on November 3, 2020.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Jack Bergman (R)	61.6	256,581
		Dana Alan Ferguson (D)	36.8	153,328
		Ben Boren (L)	1.5	6,310

---

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 416,219
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 1

Dana Alan Ferguson defeated Linda O'Dell in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 1 on August 4, 2020.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Dana Alan Ferguson	64.2	45,565
		Linda O'Dell	35.8	25,388

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 70,953
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Ryan Ruzziconi (D)

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 1

Incumbent Jack Bergman advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 1 on August 4, 2020.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Jack Bergman	100.0	100,716

---

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 100,716
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Libertarian convention

Libertarian convention for U.S. House Michigan District 1

Ben Boren advanced from the Libertarian convention for U.S. House Michigan District 1 on July 18, 2020.

		Candidate
✔		Ben Boren (L)

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

2018

See also: Michigan's 1st Congressional District election, 2018

General election

General election for U.S. House Michigan District 1

Incumbent Jack Bergman defeated Matthew Morgan in the general election for U.S. House Michigan District 1 on November 6, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Jack Bergman (R)	56.3	187,251
		Matthew Morgan (D)	43.7	145,246

---

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 332,497 (100.00% precincts reporting)
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 1

Matthew Morgan advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Michigan District 1 on August 7, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Matthew Morgan (Write-in)	100.0	29,293

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 29,293
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Dwight Brady (D)
• Dana Alan Ferguson (D)

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 1

Incumbent Jack Bergman advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House Michigan District 1 on August 7, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Jack Bergman	100.0	83,272

---

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 83,272
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

2016

See also: Michigan's 1st Congressional District election, 2016

Michigan's 1st Congressional District was a battleground district in 2016. Incumbent Dan Benishek (R), who began serving in Congress in 2010, left his seat open by choosing not to seek re-election in 2016. Jack Bergman (R), a retired USMC general, defeated Michigan Democratic Party leader Lon Johnson (D), Diane Bostow (L), and Ellis Boal (G) in the general election on November 8, 2016. Bergman defeated Tom Casperson, a state senator, and Jason Allen, a former state senator in the Republican primary. On the Democratic side, Johnson defeated former Kalkaska County Sheriff Jerry Cannon to win the nomination. The primary elections took place on August 2, 2016.

U.S. House, Michigan District 1 General Election, 2016

Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Jack Bergman	54.9%	197,777
	Democratic	Lon Johnson	40.1%	144,334
	Libertarian	Diane Bostow	3.7%	13,386
	Green	Ellis Boal	1.3%	4,774
Total Votes				360,271
Source: Michigan Secretary of State

U.S. House, Michigan District 1 Democratic Primary, 2016

Candidate	Vote %	Votes
Lon Johnson	71.6%	31,677
Jerry Cannon	28.4%	12,539
Total Votes		44,216
Source: Michigan Secretary of State

U.S. House, Michigan District 1 Republican Primary, 2016

Candidate	Vote %	Votes
Jack Bergman	38.6%	33,632
Tom Casperson	31.9%	27,813
Jason Allen	29.4%	25,607
Total Votes		87,052
Source: Michigan Secretary of State

2014

See also: Michigan's 1st Congressional District elections, 2014

The 1st Congressional District of Michigan held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 4, 2014. The 1st District was considered one of Ballotpedia's battleground districts in 2014. Incumbent Rep. Dan Benishek (R) won by only 1,881 votes in 2012. The district saw recent changes in its electorate, with Obama narrowly winning the district in 2008, but Romney claiming victory in 2012. Both the National Republican Congressional Committee and the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee took notice of this district, adding both Benishek and Democratic challenger Jerry Cannon, a former sheriff, to their respective election programs. Benishek won the Republican nomination against Alan Arcand in the primary on August 5, 2014. Benishek then defeated Jerry Cannon (D), Ellis Boal (Green Party) and Loel Gnadt (L) on November 4, 2014, in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 1 General Election, 2014

Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Dan Benishek Incumbent	52.1%	130,414
	Democratic	Jerry Cannon	45.3%	113,263
	Libertarian	Loel Robert Gnadt	1.5%	3,823
	Green	Ellis Boal	1.1%	2,631
Total Votes				250,131
Source: Michigan Secretary of State

General election candidates

• Dan Benishek - Incumbent a
• Jerry Cannon
• Ellis Boal
• Loel Gnadt

August 5, 2014, primary results

Republican Primary

• Dan Benishek - Incumbenta
• Alan Arcand

Democratic Primary

• Jerry Cannon a

2012

See also: Michigan's 1st Congressional District elections, 2012

The 1st Congressional District of Michigan held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 6, 2012. Incumbent Dan Benishek won re-election in the district.

U.S. House, Michigan District 1 General Election, 2012

Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Gary McDowell	47.6%	165,179
	Republican	Dan Benishek Incumbent	48.1%	167,060
	Libertarian	Emily Salvette	3.1%	10,630
	Green	Ellis Boal	1.2%	4,168
Total Votes				347,037
Source: Michigan Secretary of State "Official Election Results, 2012 General Election"

2010
On November 2, 2010, Dan Benishek won election to the United States House. He defeated Gary McDowell (D), Glenn Wilson (I), Patrick Lambert (U.S. Taxpayers), Keith Shelton (L) and Ellis Boal (G) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 1 General Election, 2010
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Dan Benishek	51.9%	120,523
	Democratic	Gary McDowell	40.9%	94,824
	Independent	Glenn A. Wilson	3.4%	7,847
	U.S. Taxpayers	Patrick Lambert	1.8%	4,200
	Libertarian	Keith Shelton	1.1%	2,571
	Green	Ellis Boal	0.9%	2,072
Total Votes				232,037

2008
On November 4, 2008, Bart Stupak won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Tom Casperson (R), Jean Treacy (G), Daniel Grow (L), Joshua Warren (U.S. Taxpayers) and Don Hooper (Write-in) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 1 General Election, 2008
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Bart Stupak incumbent	65%	213,216
	Republican	Tom Casperson	32.7%	107,340
	Green	Jean Treacy	0.8%	2,669
	Libertarian	Daniel Grow	0.8%	2,533
	U.S. Taxpayers	Joshua Warren	0.6%	2,070
	Write-in	Don Hooper	0%	8
Total Votes				327,836

2006
On November 7, 2006, Bart Stupak won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Don Hooper (R), Joshua Warren (U.S. Taxpayers), David Newland (G) and Ken Proctor (L) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 1 General Election, 2006
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Bart Stupak incumbent	69.4%	180,448
	Republican	Don Hooper	28%	72,753
	U.S. Taxpayers	Joshua Warren	0.9%	2,278
	Green	David Newland	0.9%	2,252
	Libertarian	Ken Proctor	0.8%	2,196
Total Votes				259,927

2004
On November 2, 2004, Bart Stupak won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Don Hooper (R), David Newland (G) and John Loosemore (L) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 1 General Election, 2004
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Bart Stupak incumbent	65.6%	211,571
	Republican	Don Hooper	32.8%	105,706
	Green	David Newland	1%	3,105
	Libertarian	John Loosemore	0.7%	2,292
Total Votes				322,674

2002
On November 5, 2002, Bart Stupak won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Don Hooper (R) and John Loosemore (L) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 1 General Election, 2002
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Bart Stupak incumbent	67.7%	150,701
	Republican	Don Hooper	31.1%	69,254
	Libertarian	John Loosemore	1.2%	2,732
Total Votes				222,687

2000
On November 7, 2000, Bart Stupak won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Chuck Yob (R), Wendy Conway (Natural Law) and John Loosemore (L) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 1 General Election, 2000
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Bart Stupak incumbent	58.4%	169,649
	Republican	Chuck Yob	40.4%	117,300
	Natural Law	Wendy Conway	0.6%	1,839
	Libertarian	John Loosemore	0.6%	1,757
	N/A	Write-in	0%	24
Total Votes				290,569

1998
On November 3, 1998, Bart Stupak won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Michelle McManus (R), John Loosemore (L) and Wendy Conway (Natural Law) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 1 General Election, 1998
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Bart Stupak incumbent	58.7%	130,129
	Republican	Michelle McManus	39.5%	87,630
	Libertarian	John Loosemore	1%	2,306
	Natural Law	Wendy Conway	0.8%	1,731
Total Votes				221,796

1996
On November 5, 1996, Bart Stupak won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Bob Carr (R), Michael Oleniczak (L) and Wendy Conway (Natural Law) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 1 General Election, 1996
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Bart Stupak incumbent	70.7%	181,486
	Republican	Bob Carr	27.2%	69,957
	Libertarian	Michael Oleniczak	1.1%	2,830
	Natural Law	Wendy Conway	1%	2,465
	N/A	Write-in	0%	53
Total Votes				256,791

1994
On November 8, 1994, Bart Stupak won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Gil Ziegler (R) and Michael McPeak (Natural Law) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 1 General Election, 1994
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Bart Stupak incumbent	56.9%	121,433
	Republican	Gil Ziegler	42%	89,660
	Natural Law	Michael McPeak	1.1%	2,399
	N/A	Scattering	0%	57
Total Votes				213,549

1992
On November 3, 1992, Bart Stupak won election to the United States House. He defeated Philip Ruppe (R), Gerald Aydlott (L) and Lyman Clark (Natural Law) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 1 General Election, 1992
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Bart Stupak	53.9%	144,857
	Republican	Philip Ruppe	43.6%	117,056
	Libertarian	Gerald Aydlott	1.5%	4,094
	Natural Law	Lyman Clark	1%	2,570
	N/A	Write-in	0%	42
Total Votes				268,619

1990
On November 6, 1990, John Conyers, Jr. won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Ray Shoulders (R), Robert Mays (NPA) and Jonathan Paul Flint (L) in the general election.

U.S. House, Michigan District 1 General Election, 1990
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	John Conyers, Jr. incumbent	89.3%	76,556
	Republican	Ray Shoulders	8.5%	7,298
	No Party Affiliation	Robert Mays	1.3%	1,134
	Libertarian	Jonathan Paul Flint	0.9%	764
	N/A	Write-in	0%	4
Total Votes				85,756

Redistricting

2020-2021

See also: Redistricting in Michigan after the 2020 census

Michigan’s congressional district boundaries became law on March 26, 2022, 60 days after the Michigan Independent Citizens Redistricting Commission (MICRC) published its report on the redistricting plans with the secretary of state. On December 28, 2021, the Michigan Independent Citizens Redistricting Commission (MICRC) approved what was named the "Chestnut" map by a vote of 8-5. Two Democrats, two Republicans, and four nonpartisan members voted to approve the plan with the five remaining commissioners in favor of other plans. As required, "at least two commissioners who affiliate with each major party, and at least two commissioners who do not affiliate with either major party" voted in favor of the adopted map.

The MICRC was established after voters approved a 2018 constitutional amendment that transferred the power to draw the state's congressional and legislative districts from the state legislature to a redistricting commission. Under the terms of the amendment, "Within 30 days after adopting a plan, the commission shall publish the plan and the material reports, reference materials, and data used in drawing it, including any programming information used to produce and test the plan." The adopted plan becomes law 60 days after the MICRC publishes that report.

Beth LeBlanc of The Detroit News wrote that, “Unlike other congressional maps the commission had to choose from, Chestnut was set apart by its inclusion of Grand Rapids and Muskegon in the same district, its grouping of Battle Creek and Kalamazoo and its ability to keep Jackson County whole, instead of breaking off part of the county into an Ann Arbor area district.” According to Clara Hendrickson and Todd Spangler of the Detroit Free Press, "According to three measures of partisan fairness based on statewide election data from the past decade, the map favors Republicans. But those measures also show a significant reduction in the Republican bias compared to the map drawn a decade ago by a Republican legislature, deemed one of the most politically biased maps in the country. One of the partisan fairness measures used by the commission indicates Democratic candidates would have an advantage under the new map." This map took effect for Michigan’s 2022 congressional elections.

How does redistricting in Michigan work? In Michigan, a non-politician commission is responsible for drawing both congressional and state legislative district plans. The commission comprises 13 members, including four Democrats, four Republicans, and five unaffiliated voters or members of minor parties. In order for a map to be enacted, at least seven members must vote for it, including at least two Democrats, two Republicans, and two members not affiliated with either major party.

The Michigan Independent Citizens Redistricting Commission prepared this document specifically explaining the redistricting process after the 2020 census.

Michigan District 1
until January 2, 2023

Click a district to compare boundaries.

Michigan District 1
starting January 3, 2023

Click a district to compare boundaries.

2010-2011

This is the 1st Congressional District of Michigan after the 2001 redistricting process.

See also: Redistricting in Michigan after the 2010 census

In 2011, the Michigan State Legislature re-drew the congressional districts based on updated population information from the 2010 census.

District analysis

See also: The Cook Political Report's Partisan Voter Index

See also: FiveThirtyEight's elasticity scores

2024

Heading into the 2024 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+13. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 13 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Michigan's 1st the 113th most Republican district nationally.

Daily Kos calculated what the results of the 2020 presidential election in this district would have been following redistricting. Donald Trump (R) would have defeated Joe Biden (D) 59.1%-39.3%.

2022

Heading into the 2022 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+13. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 13 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Michigan's 1st the 116th most Republican district nationally.

Daily Kos calculated what the results of the 2020 presidential election in this district would have been following redistricting. Joe Biden (D) would have received 39.3% of the vote in this district and Donald Trump (R) would have received 59.1%.

2018

Heading into the 2018 elections, based on results from the 2016 and 2012 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+9. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 9 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Michigan's 1st Congressional District the 143rd most Republican nationally.

FiveThirtyEight's September 2018 elasticity score for states and congressional districts measured "how sensitive it is to changes in the national political environment." This district's elasticity score was 1.11. This means that for every 1 point the national political mood moved toward a party, the district was expected to move 1.11 points toward that party.

See also

• Redistricting in Michigan
• Michigan's 1st Congressional District election, 2024
• Michigan's 1st Congressional District election, 2022
• Michigan's 1st Congressional District election, 2020
• Michigan's 1st Congressional District election, 2018

External links

• GovTrack District 1

Footnotes

[show]

Michigan's current delegation to the United States Congress

Senators

Gary Peters (D)

Elissa Slotkin (D)

Representatives

District 1

Jack Bergman (R)

District 2

John Moolenaar (R)

District 3

Hillary Scholten (D)

District 4

Bill Huizenga (R)

District 5

Tim Walberg (R)

District 6

Debbie Dingell (D)

District 7

Tom Barrett (R)

District 8

Kristen Rivet (D)

District 9

Lisa McClain (R)

District 10

John James (R)

District 11

Haley Stevens (D)

District 12

Rashida Tlaib (D)

District 13

Shri Thanedar (D)

Democratic Party (8)

Republican Party (7)