Mayoral election in Nashville, Tennessee (2023)
Special state legislative • Municipal • How to run for office |
← 2019
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2023 Nashville elections |
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Election dates |
Filing deadline: May 18, 2023 |
General election: August 3, 2023 Runoff election: September 14, 2023 |
Election stats |
Offices up: Mayor |
Total seats up: 1 (click here for other city elections) |
Election type: Nonpartisan |
Other municipal elections |
U.S. municipal elections, 2023 |
Freddie O'Connell defeated Alice Rolli in the September 14, 2023, runoff election for mayor of Nashville, Tennessee. Incumbent Mayor John Cooper (D) did not seek re-election, making him the first Nashville mayor who served a full term in office to not seek re-election since 1991.[1]
Although municipal elections in Nashville were officially nonpartisan, both candidates had political affiliations. O'Connell, who represented District 19 on the Nashville Metro Council, was a Democrat. Rolli, a former political strategist who was a staffer for Govs. Bill Haslam (R) and Lamar Alexander (R), was a Republican.[2]
O'Connell and Rolli had advanced from a field of 12 candidates in the city's nonpartisan general election on Aug. 3, 2023, with O'Connell finishing first and Rolli placing second. Click here to read more about the general election.
O'Connell received 27% of the vote in the Aug. 3 general election. Axios Nashville's Nate Rau wrote that O'Connell "overcame substantial campaign disadvantages to storm into first place in a crowded general election field...he sold voters on a progressive vision for the city and highlighted his vote against the $2.1 billion Titans stadium deal as proof of his commitment to controlling development growth."[3] Before the general election, O'Connell told The Tennessean that his top priorities were improving basic governmental service such as trash pickup and filling potholes, building a better transportation network, and improving the trust residents have in city government.[4]
Rolli received 20% of the vote in the first round of voting. Axios Nashville's Rau wrote that Rolli "campaigned on addressing crime, keeping taxes low and pressing Metro Nashville Public Schools for improvement. She sold voters on her conservative bona fides by touting her resume."[3] Before the general election, Rolli told The Tennessean that her top priorities were to ensure that all first graders in the city could read, improving public safety, not increasing taxes, and building a better relationship with the state to address regional issues such as transit and homelessness.[5]
After reviewing voting data from the general election, The Tennessean's Cassandra Stephenson wrote that "O'Connell-won precincts largely correlate to Davidson County's most populated districts" and "Rolli brought in the most votes in...areas that have historically netted support for candidates with conservative policy views."[6] Stephenson also wrote that the "O'Connell-Rolli matchup mirrors the 2015 race between Megan Barry and David Fox (who now serves as Rolli's treasurer and campaign manager)."[6] That year, Barry received 23.5% and Fox received 22.8% in the general election from a seven-candidate field. Barry defeated Fox in the runoff, 55% to 45%.
Matt Wiltshire, who finished third in the general election with 17% of the vote, endorsed O'Connell on Aug. 14.[7] State Sens. Jeff Yarbro (D) and Heidi Campbell (D)—who finished fourth and fifth, respectively—endorsed O'Connell on Aug. 9 and 10.[8] Former Nashville school board member Fran Bush, who finished 11th in the general election, endorsed Rolli on Aug. 10.[9]
As a result of the election, O'Connell became Nashville's fourth mayor in five years. Megan Barry resigned in March 2018 after pleading guilty to felony theft of property. After Barry's resignation, Vice Mayor David Briley assumed office and won a special election to retain the office in Aug. 2018. In the 2019 regular mayoral election, Cooper defeated Briley.[10]
The Tennessean invited all mayoral candidates to complete a questionnaire on specific policy topics. Click the links below to view each runoff candidate's response:
Nashville has a strong mayor government, where the mayor serves as chief executive and the city council operates as a legislative branch. The responsibilities of the mayor include proposing a budget, signing legislation into law, appointing departmental directors, and overseeing the city's day-to-day operations.
As of Aug. 2023, Democrats held 64 of the mayoral offices in the 100 largest cities in the country, Republicans held 24, independents held four, and nonpartisan mayors held six. Two mayors' partisan affiliations were unknown.
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan) completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey. Click on a candidate's name to view that candidate's responses.
Elections
Click on the tabs below to show more information about those topics.
Candidates and results
General runoff election
General runoff election for Mayor of Nashville
Freddie O'Connell defeated Alice Rolli in the general runoff election for Mayor of Nashville on September 14, 2023.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan) | 63.8 | 72,989 | |
Alice Rolli (Nonpartisan) | 36.0 | 41,205 | ||
Other/Write-in votes | 0.1 | 123 |
Total votes: 114,317 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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General election
General election for Mayor of Nashville
The following candidates ran in the general election for Mayor of Nashville on August 3, 2023.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan) | 27.1 | 27,503 | |
✔ | Alice Rolli (Nonpartisan) | 20.2 | 20,472 | |
Matthew Wiltshire (Nonpartisan) | 17.0 | 17,193 | ||
Jeff Yarbro (Nonpartisan) | 12.2 | 12,356 | ||
Heidi Campbell (Nonpartisan) | 8.2 | 8,337 | ||
Sharon Hurt (Nonpartisan) | 6.0 | 6,104 | ||
Vivian Wilhoite (Nonpartisan) | 4.7 | 4,758 | ||
Jim Gingrich (Nonpartisan) (Unofficially withdrew) | 1.6 | 1,668 | ||
Natisha Brooks (Nonpartisan) | 1.4 | 1,458 | ||
Stephanie Johnson (Nonpartisan) | 0.6 | 581 | ||
Fran Bush (Nonpartisan) | 0.5 | 503 | ||
Bernie Cox (Nonpartisan) | 0.3 | 322 | ||
Other/Write-in votes | 0.1 | 80 |
Total votes: 101,335 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- William Domann (Nonpartisan)
- Michael Rowan (Nonpartisan)
- Wisdom Zerit Teklay (Nonpartisan)
Additional elections on the ballot
- See also: Tennessee elections, 2023
June 15, 2023
August 3, 2023
September 14, 2023
Voting information
What was the voter registration deadline?
- In-person: August 15, 2023
- By mail: Postmarked by August 15, 2023
- Online: August 15, 2023
What was the absentee/mail-in ballot request deadline?
- In-person: September 7, 2023
- By mail: Received by September 7, 2023
- Online: September 7, 2023
What was the absentee/mail-in ballot return deadline?
- In-person: September 14, 2023
- By mail: Received by September 14, 2023
Was early voting available to all voters? Yes
What were the early voting start and end dates? August 25 to September 9, 2023
Were all voters required to present ID at the polls? If so, was a photo or non-photo ID required? Photo ID
When were polls open on Election Day? 7:00 AM - 7:00 PM
Candidate comparison
Candidate profiles
This section includes candidate profiles that may be created in one of two ways: either the candidate completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey, or Ballotpedia staff may compile a profile based on campaign websites, advertisements, and public statements after identifying the candidate as noteworthy. For more on how we select candidates to include, click here.
Incumbent: No
Political Office: None
Submitted Biography: "My name is Freddie O'Connell, and I grew up in Nashville, Tenn., where I've been a former neighborhood leader, non-profit leader, transit leader, and Metro Council member for 8 years in the most economically important part of the city and state. I've had a 25-year career in the software and technology industry, having worked for startups and publicly traded companies. My family and I have lived in the Salemtown neighborhood for 16 years, where I've been working on community partnerships almost the entire time. My partner is Whitney Boon, a Meharry-trained physician who practices pediatric neurology at Vanderbilt Children's Hospital. We are the proud parents of two daughters who both attend public schools in Nashville. On Council, I've worked on transit and active transportation funding and implementation, housing and homelessness policy, repairing the harms of mass incarceration, community safety and crime prevention, and climate leadership."
This information was current as of the candidate's run for Mayor of Nashville in 2023.
Incumbent: No
Political Office: None
Biography: Rolli received a bachelor’s degree from Stanford University and a master’s degree in business from the University of Virginia. Her career experience included being a business owner, working in the administration of Tennessee Governor Bill Haslam (R), and as campaign manager for U.S. Senator Lamar Alexander (R).
Show sources
This information was current as of the candidate's run for Mayor of Nashville in 2023.
Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey responses
Ballotpedia asks all federal, state, and local candidates to complete a survey and share what motivates them on political and personal levels. The section below shows responses from candidates in this race who completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey. Candidates are asked three required questions for this survey, but they may answer additional optional questions as well.
Survey responses from candidates in this race
Click on a candidate's name to visit their Ballotpedia page.
Note: Ballotpedia reserves the right to edit Candidate Connection survey responses. Any edits made by Ballotpedia will be clearly marked with [brackets] for the public. If the candidate disagrees with an edit, he or she may request the full removal of the survey response from Ballotpedia.org. Ballotpedia does not edit or correct typographical errors unless the candidate's campaign requests it.
Collapse all
|Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
We should be doing the things cities are supposed to do, including building a transit system.
I'm sick of planning fatigue and want to have actual fatigue from implementing the great community-based plans we have.
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
I have strong communication skills and deep interest in how public policy can improve lives.
I'm patient and persistent and have spent public and private sector careers focused on how teams perform better than individuals ever could.Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
This means a nimble team supports our Metro department heads by adding specialized capacity and building morale.
And the mayor personally communicates with the city about priorities and policy goals, working transparently and solicitously to implement them.Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
A healthy downtown is one where people are eager to live, work, play, and invest.
I would like for the places we are seeking to attract visitors not to repel locals.Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
I also would've worked hard to ensure that CARES Act money was rushed into scenarios where people could access it directly to offset job losses and other economic hardships caused by COVID rather than making an effort to save it.
I think it was imperative to develop and early strategic plan for federal funding.
And I would've done more to prepare to follow best practices for COVID response specifically in Nashville's homeless community.Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Meanwhile, Mayor Becker years ago established best practices for transparency in Salt Lake City.
Fortunately, Nashville already has in our possession a number of great community-based plans. We just need to implement them.Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
And we can accelerate community solar projects.
I think we should also explore beginning to lower emissions in lawn care in parks and at Metro facilities.Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
I think I would look to Mayor Becker's model in SLC as a reference standard.
I do think we need policies on archiving content and public reports and data sets.Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Freddie O'Connell (Nonpartisan)
Tennessee Advocates for Planned Parenthood Amalgamated Transit Union (ATU) Local 1235 Metro Council Members Bob Mendes, Sean Parker, Erin Evans, Russ Bradford, Sandra Sepulveda, and Dave Rosenberg Tennessee Student Union
Sunrise Nashville
Campaign advertisements
This section includes a selection of up to three campaign advertisements per candidate released in this race, as well as links to candidates' YouTube, Vimeo, and/or Facebook video pages. If you are aware of other links that should be included, please email us.
Freddie O'Connell
August 17, 2023 |
August 2, 2023 |
July 14, 2023 |
View more ads here:
Alice Rolli
August 19, 2023 |
August 7, 2023 |
July 27, 2023 |
View more ads here:
Debates and forums
This section includes links to debates, forums, and other similar events where multiple candidates in this race participated. If you are aware of any debates or forums that should be included, please email us.
August 17, 2023, forum
On August 17, 2023, O’Connell and Rolli participated in a debate on public education sponsored by Opportunity Nashville and Nashville Public Television.[11]
Click on the link below for a summary of the event:
Click on the link below for a video of the event:
August 14, 2023, forum
On August 14, 2023, O’Connell and Rolli participated in a town hall debate televised by WZTV.[12]
Click on the link below for a summary of the event:
Click on the link below for a video of the event:
August 10, 2023, forum
On August 10, 2023, O’Connell and Rolli participated in a forum sponsored by the Nashville Area Chamber of Commerce.[13]
Click on the link below for a summary of the event:
Click on the link below for a video of the event:
Noteworthy endorsements
Click the links below to see official endorsement lists published on candidate campaign websites for any candidates that make that information available. If you are aware of a website that should be included, please email us.
This section lists noteworthy endorsements issued in this election, including those made by high-profile individuals and organizations, cross-party endorsements, and endorsements made by newspaper editorial boards. Please note that this list is not exhaustive. If you are aware of endorsements that should be included, please email us.
Noteworthy endorsements | ||
---|---|---|
Endorser | Freddie O'Connell | Alice Rolli |
Government officials | ||
State Sen. Heidi Campbell (D) source | ✔ | |
State Sen. Jeff Yarbro (D) source | ✔ | |
Individuals | ||
Fran Bush source | ✔ | |
Matthew Wiltshire source | ✔ | |
Organizations | ||
Davidson County Republican Party source | ✔ |
Election competitiveness
Polls
- See also: Ballotpedia's approach to covering polls
Polls are conducted with a variety of methodologies and have margins of error or credibility intervals.[14] The Pew Research Center wrote, "A margin of error of plus or minus 3 percentage points at the 95% confidence level means that if we fielded the same survey 100 times, we would expect the result to be within 3 percentage points of the true population value 95 of those times."[15] For tips on reading polls from FiveThirtyEight, click here. For tips from Pew, click here.
The links below show polls for this race aggregated by FiveThirtyEight and RealClearPolitics, where available. Click here to read about FiveThirtyEight's criteria for including polls in its aggregation.
Nashville, Tennessee, mayoral election, 2023: Runoff election polls | |||||||||||
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Poll | Date | O'Connell | Rolli | Undecided/Other | Margin of error | Sample size[16] | Sponsor[17] | ||||
Show Me Victories | Aug. 11-16, 2023 | 58% | 40% | 2%[18] | ±3.8 | 430 RVs | N/A |
Election spending
Campaign finance
This section contains campaign finance figures from candidates submitted to the Davidson County Election Commission.
Mayoral partisanship
Twenty-nine of the 100 largest cities held mayoral elections in 2023. Once mayors elected in 2023 assumed office, Democrats held 63 top-100 mayoral offices, Republicans held 26, Libertarians held one, independents held four, and nonpartisan mayors held four. Two mayors' partisan affiliations were unknown.
The following top 100 cities saw a change in mayoral partisan affiliation in 2023:
- Colorado Springs, Colorado: Independent Yemi Mobolade defeated Republican Wayne W. Williams in the May 16 runoff election. Incumbent John Suthers, a Republican, was term-limited.
- Jacksonville, Florida: Democrat Donna Deegan defeated Republican Daniel Davis in the May 16 runoff election. Incumbent Lenny Curry, a Republican, was term-limited.
- Dallas, Texas: Mayor Eric Johnson announced on September 22 that he was changing his party affiliation from Democratic to Republican.[19]
- Wichita, Kansas: Libertarian Lily Wu defeated incumbent Democratic mayor Brandon Whipple in the November 7 general election.
- Spokane, Washington: Democrat Lisa Brown defeated incumbent Republican mayor Nadine Woodward in the November 7 general election.
Election context
Nashville mayoral election history
2019
General runoff election
General runoff election for Mayor of Nashville
John Cooper defeated incumbent David Briley in the general runoff election for Mayor of Nashville on September 12, 2019.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | John Cooper (Nonpartisan) | 69.1 | 62,440 | |
David Briley (Nonpartisan) | 30.2 | 27,281 | ||
Other/Write-in votes | 0.7 | 621 |
Total votes: 90,342 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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General election
General election for Mayor of Nashville
The following candidates ran in the general election for Mayor of Nashville on August 1, 2019.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | John Cooper (Nonpartisan) | 35.0 | 35,676 | |
✔ | David Briley (Nonpartisan) | 25.3 | 25,786 | |
Carol Swain (Nonpartisan) | 22.0 | 22,387 | ||
John Ray Clemmons (Nonpartisan) | 16.1 | 16,391 | ||
Julia Clark-Johnson (Nonpartisan) | 0.4 | 404 | ||
Bernie Cox (Nonpartisan) | 0.3 | 337 | ||
Jimmy Lawrence (Nonpartisan) | 0.3 | 305 | ||
Jody Ball (Nonpartisan) | 0.3 | 280 | ||
Nolan Starnes (Nonpartisan) | 0.1 | 129 | ||
Jon Sewell (Nonpartisan) | 0.0 | 24 | ||
Other/Write-in votes | 0.1 | 83 |
Total votes: 101,802 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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2018
General election
Special general election for Mayor of Nashville
The following candidates ran in the special general election for Mayor of Nashville on May 24, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | David Briley (Nonpartisan) | 54.4 | 44,845 | |
Carol Swain (Nonpartisan) | 22.9 | 18,850 | ||
Erica Gilmore (Nonpartisan) | 5.6 | 4,608 | ||
Harold Love (Nonpartisan) | 5.3 | 4,349 | ||
Ralph Bristol (Nonpartisan) | 5.3 | 4,341 | ||
Jeff Obafemi Carr (Nonpartisan) | 4.6 | 3,790 | ||
David Hiland (Nonpartisan) | 0.4 | 325 | ||
Ludye Wallace (Nonpartisan) | 0.4 | 324 | ||
Carlin Alford (Nonpartisan) | 0.3 | 243 | ||
Albert Hacker (Nonpartisan) | 0.2 | 169 | ||
Julia Clark-Johnson (Nonpartisan) | 0.2 | 168 | ||
Jeffrey Napier (Nonpartisan) | 0.2 | 141 | ||
Jon Sewell (Nonpartisan) | 0.1 | 93 | ||
Other/Write-in votes | 0.1 | 122 |
Total votes: 82,368 | ||||
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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2015
The city of Nashville, Tennessee, held nonpartisan elections for mayor and metro council on August 6, 2015. A runoff election took place on September 10, 2015. The filing deadline for candidates who wished to run in this election was May 21, 2015. All 41 metro council seats—including the office of vice mayor—were up for election. In the mayoral race, candidates included Megan Barry, Charles Robert Bone, David Fox, Bill Freeman, Howard Gentry, Jeremy Kane and Linda Eskind Rebrovick. In the general election, Barry and Fox advanced to the runoff election.[20] Barry defeated Fox in the runoff election.[21] Incumbent Karl Dean was term-limited.[22]
Nashville Mayor Runoff Election, 2015 | |||
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Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
Megan Barry | 54.8% | 60,519 | |
David Fox | 45% | 49,694 | |
Write-in | 0.2% | 241 | |
Total Votes | 110,454 | ||
Source: City of Nashville Election Commission, "Official runoff election results," accessed October 2, 2015 |
Nashville Mayor General Election, 2015 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
Megan Barry | 23.5% | 24,553 | |
David Fox | 22.8% | 23,754 | |
Bill Freeman | 21.4% | 22,308 | |
Howard Gentry | 11.6% | 12,110 | |
Charles Robert Bone | 10.5% | 10,962 | |
Linda Eskind Rebrovick | 5.6% | 5,827 | |
Jeremy Kane | 4.6% | 4,767 | |
Write-in | 0.1% | 62 | |
Total Votes | 93,687 | ||
Source: City of Nashville Election Commission, "Official general election results," accessed September 15, 2015 |
Earlier results
To view the electoral history dating back to 2011 for the office of Nashville mayor, click [show] to expand the section. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2011 In the 2011 general election for Mayor of Nasvhille, Dean won re-election with almost 80 percent of the vote.
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About the city
- See also: Nashville, Tennessee
Nashville is a city in Tennessee and the county seat of Davidson County. In 1962, the governments of the city of Nashville and Davidson County merged to form the Nashville-Davidson Metro Government. As of 2020, its population was 715,884.
City government
- See also: Mayor-council government
The city of Nashville uses a strong mayor and city council system. In this form of municipal government, the city council serves as the city's primary legislative body and the mayor serves as the city's chief executive.
Demographics
The following table displays demographic data provided by the United States Census Bureau.
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Demographic Data for Nashville, Tennessee | ||
---|---|---|
Nashville | Tennessee | |
Population | 715,884 | 6,910,840 |
Land area (sq mi) | 503 | 41,232 |
Race and ethnicity** | ||
White | 62.8% | 76.7% |
Black/African American | 26.9% | 16.7% |
Asian | 3.6% | 1.8% |
Native American | 0.2% | 0.3% |
Pacific Islander | 0.1% | 0.1% |
Two or more | 3.7% | 2.9% |
Hispanic/Latino | 10.3% | 5.6% |
Education | ||
High school graduation rate | 89.7% | 88.2% |
College graduation rate | 43.3% | 28.2% |
Income | ||
Median household income | $62,515 | $54,833 |
Persons below poverty level | 14.2% | 14.6% |
Source: population provided by U.S. Census Bureau, "Decennial Census" (2020). Other figures provided by U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2015-2020). | ||
**Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here. |
2023 battleground elections
- See also: Battlegrounds
This election was a battleground race. Other 2023 battleground elections included:
- Louisiana Secretary of State election, 2023 (October 14 primary)
- Mayoral election in Chicago, Illinois (2023)
- Mayoral election in Jacksonville, Florida (2023)
See also
Nashville, Tennessee | Tennessee | Municipal government | Other local coverage |
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External links
Footnotes
- ↑ Axios, "Inside Nashville mayor's decision not to run," February 1, 2023
- ↑ The Tennessean, "Struggling to pick a Nashville mayoral candidate? This scorecard might help.," June 22, 2023
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Axios Nashville, "O'Connell finishes first in Nashville mayor's race, will face Rolli in runoff," August 4, 2023
- ↑ The Tennessean, "Meet Freddie O'Connell, candidate for Nashville mayor," August 15, 2023
- ↑ The Tennessean, "Meet Alice Rolli, candidate for Nashville mayor," August 15, 2023
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 The Tennessean, "Nashville mayoral race: How election maps could foreshadow runoff results," August 17, 2023
- ↑ YouTube, "Matt Wiltshire endorses Freddie O’Connell for Mayor," August 14, 2023
- ↑ The Tennessee Tribune, "Nashville’s Mayoral Candidates Pick Up Endorsements from former Competitors," August 17, 2023
- ↑ Alice Rolli for Nashville Mayor, "Rolli for Mayor Campaign Announces Key Endorsement Welcomes Education and Business Leader to Team," August 11, 2023
- ↑ The Tennessean, "Why we could have as many as four mayors in four years in Nashville," March 7, 2018
- ↑ Tennessee Firefly, "Nashville mayoral candidates to face off in education focused debate," August 15, 2023
- ↑ Fox 17, "Rewatch the FOX 17 mayoral runoff debate between Freddie O'Connell and Alice Rolli," August 11, 2023
- ↑ Nashville Banner, "O’Connell, Rolli Meet in First Forum," August 11, 2023
- ↑ For more information on the difference between margins of error and credibility intervals, see explanations from the American Association for Public Opinion Research and Ipsos.
- ↑ Pew Research Center, "5 key things to know about the margin of error in election polls," September 8, 2016
- ↑ RV=Registered Voters
LV=Likely Voters - ↑ The sponsor is the person or group that funded all or part of the poll.
- ↑ Undecided
- ↑ Wall Street Journal, "America’s Cities Need Republicans, and I’m Becoming One," September 22, 2023
- ↑ City of Nashville Election Commission, "Official general election results," accessed September 15, 2015
- ↑ City of Nashville Election Commission, "Official runoff election results," accessed October 2, 2015
- ↑ City of Nashville, "Davidson County Election Commission," accessed December 4, 2014
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