Isotope van curium
Voorkoms
Die chemiese element curium (Cm), met ’n atoommassa van ongeveer 247 u, het geen stabiele isotope nie en word dus as ’n radioaktiewe element geklassifiseer. Die 20 isotope is onstabiel en het ’n relatief kort halfleeftyd (die meeste minder as ’n dag).
In die natuur kom geen curium voor nie; alle isotope is sinteties in ’n laboratorium berei. Die eerste sintetiese isotoop was 242Cm, in 1944.
Die kortslewende isotoop van curium is 234Cm, met ’n halfleeftyd van ongeveer 51 sekondes. Die langslewende een is 247Cm, met ’n halfleeftyd van 15,6 miljoen jaar.
Oorsig
[wysig | wysig bron]Nuklied | Z (p) | N (n) | Isotopiese massa (u) | Halfleeftyd | Radioaktiewe verval | VP | Kernspin |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opwekkingsenergie | |||||||
232Cm | 96 | 136 | ± 1 min. | 0+ | |||
233Cm | 96 | 137 | 233,05077(8) | 1 min. | β+ | 233Am | 3/2+ |
α | 229Pu | ||||||
234Cm | 96 | 138 | 234,05016(2) | 51(12) s | β+ | 234Am | 0+ |
α | 230Pu | ||||||
235Cm | 96 | 139 | 235,05143(22) | 5 min. | β+ | 235Am | 5/2+ |
α | 231Pu | ||||||
236Cm | 96 | 140 | 236,05141(22) | 10 min. | β+ | 236Am | 0+ |
α | 232Pu | ||||||
237Cm | 96 | 141 | 237,05290(22) | 20 min. | β+ | 237Am | 5/2+ |
α | 233Pu | ||||||
238Cm | 96 | 142 | 238,05303(4) | 2,4(1) uur | EV (90%) | 238Am | 0+ |
α (10%) | 234Pu | ||||||
239Cm | 96 | 143 | 239,05496(11) | ± 2,9 uur | β+ (99,9%) | 239Am | (7/2-) |
α (0,1%) | 235Pu | ||||||
240Cm | 96 | 144 | 240,0555295(25) | 27(1) dae | α (99,5%) | 236Pu | 0+ |
EV (0,5%) | 240Am | ||||||
SS (3,9 × 10−6%) | |||||||
241Cm | 96 | 145 | 241,0576530(23) | 32,8(2) dae | EV (99%) | 241Am | 1/2+ |
α (1%) | 237Pu | ||||||
242Cm | 96 | 146 | 242,0588358(20) | 162,8(2) dae | α | 238Pu | 0+ |
SS (6,33 × 10−6%) | |||||||
TV (10−14%) | 208Pb, 34Si | ||||||
β+β+ (selde) | 242Pu | ||||||
243Cm | 96 | 147 | 243,0613891(22) | 29,1(1) jaar | α (99,71%) | 239Pu | 5/2+ |
EV (0,29%) | 243Am | ||||||
SS (5,3 × 10−9%) | |||||||
243mCm | 87,4(1) keV | 1,08(3) µs | 1/2+ | ||||
244Cm | 96 | 148 | 244,0627526(20) | 18,10(2) jaar | α | 240Pu | 0+ |
SS (1,34 × 10−4%) | |||||||
244mCm | 1040,188(12) keV | 34(2) ms | IV | 244Cm | 6+ | ||
245Cm | 96 | 149 | 245,0654912(22) | 8510 jaar | α | 241Pu | 7/2+ |
SS (6,1 × 10−7%) | |||||||
245mCm | 355,90(10) keV | 290(20) ns | 1/2+ | ||||
246Cm | 96 | 150 | 246,0672237(22) | 4760 jaar | α (99,97%) | 242Pu | 0+ |
SS (0,0261%) | |||||||
247Cm | 96 | 151 | 247,070354(5) | 1,56(5) × 107 jaar | α | 243Pu | 9/2- |
248Cm | 96 | 152 | 248,072349(5) | 3,48(6) × 105 jaar | α (91,74%) | 244Pu | 0+ |
SS (8,26%) | |||||||
β−β− (selde) | 248Cf | ||||||
249Cm | 96 | 153 | 249,075953(5) | 64,15(3) min. | β− | 249Bk | 1/2+ |
249mCm | 48,758(17) keV | 23 µs | (7/2+) | ||||
250Cm | 96 | 154 | 250,078357(12) | 8 300 jaar | SS (80%) | 0+ | |
α (11%) | 246Pu | ||||||
β− (9%) | 250Bk | ||||||
251Cm | 96 | 155 | 251,082285(24) | 16,8(2) min. | β− | 251Bk | (1/2+) |
252Cm | 96 | 156 | 252,08487(32) | < 1 dag | β− | 252Bk | 0+ |
Isotope per element
[wysig | wysig bron]1H | 2He | 3Li | 4Be | 5B | 6C | 7N | 8O | 9F | 10Ne | 11Na | 12Mg | 13Al | 14Si | 15P | 16S | 17Cl | 18Ar | 19K | |
20Ca | 21Sc | 22Ti | 23V | 24Cr | 25Mn | 26Fe | 27Co | 28Ni | 29Cu | 30Zn | 31Ga | 32Ge | 33As | 34Se | 35Br | 36Kr | 37Rb | 38Sr | 39Y |
40Zr | 41Nb | 42Mo | 43Tc | 44Ru | 45Rh | 46Pd | 47Ag | 48Cd | 49In | 50Sn | 51Sb | 52Te | 53I | 54Xe | 55Cs | 56Ba | 57La | 58Ce | 59Pr |
60Nd | 61Pm | 62Sm | 63Eu | 64Gd | 65Tb | 66Dy | 67Ho | 68Er | 69Tm | 70Yb | 71Lu | 72Hf | 73Ta | 74W | 75Re | 76Os | 77Ir | 78Pt | 79Au |
80Hg | 81Tl | 82Pb | 83Bi | 84Po | 85At | 86Rn | 87Fr | 88Ra | 89Ac | 90Th | 91Pa | 92U | 93Np | 94Pu | 95Am | 96Cm | 97Bk | 98Cf | 99Es |
100Fm | 101Md | 102No | 103Lr | 104Rf | 105Db | 106Sg | 107Bh | 108Hs | 109Mt | 110Ds | 111Rg | 112Cn | 113Nh | 114Fl | 115Mc | 116Lv | 117Ts | 118Og |
Bronne
[wysig | wysig bron]- R.B. Firestone, S.Y. Frank Chu & C.M. Baglin (1999) - Table of Isotopes (aanlyn weergawe van die CD-ROM)
- G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot & O. Bersillon (2003) - The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties, Nuclear Physics A, 729, pp. 3-128
- J.R. de Laeter, J.K. Böhlke, P. De Bièvre, H. Hidaka, H.S. Peiser, K.J.R. Rosman & P.D.P. Taylor (2003) - Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 75 (6), pp. 683–800
- M.E. Wieser (2006) - Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 78 (11), pp. 2051–2066
- David R. Lide (2004) - CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85ste uitg.), hoofstuk 11, CRC Press - ISBN 978-0849304859
- Hierdie artikel is vertaal uit die Nederlandse Wikipedia