TDVP CRITICISM AND RESPONSE

Close and Neppe receiving Excellence in Education Award

To read the article criticizing TDVP go to http://iqnexus.org/Graphics/Mag/IQNJ%2010-4%202018.pdf 

Beyond the limits of 3S-1t: Interpreting the Triadic Dimensional Vortical Paradigm Appropriately:

A Response to “An Evaluation of TDVP”

Edward R. Close PhD, PE, DSPE, DF (ECA)

With Vernon M Neppe MD, PhD, Fellow Royal Society (SA),

DSPE, DPCP (ECA)

ABSTRACT

An innovative consciousness-based paradigm was published by Neppe and Close in a volume titled Reality Begins with Consciousness in 2011. It was the combination and culmination of many years of independent research by the authors, carried out long before they met. Hailed by some peer-reviewers as the next major paradigm shift, the Triadic Dimensional Vortical Paradigm (TDVP) has been further developed and significantly expanded over the past seven years in a number of papers and articles, published outside of mainstream scientific journals because of the unspoken taboo against including consciousness in mathematical physics. This article is a response to criticisms leveled in the article An Evaluation of TDVP, published in Telicom XXX.5 – Fourth Quarter 2018, by physicists J.E.F. Kaan and Simon Olling Rebsdorf. The article underlines the difficulty that mainstream scientists have understanding the basics and implications of TDVP. This article is a response to the criticisms in the article, and an explanation of some of the basic ideas that make TDVP such a controversial shift from materialistic physicalism to a comprehensive consciousness-based scientific paradigm.

INTRODUCTION

TDVP is an inter-disciplinary scientific model ¹ developed and published by Vernon M. Neppe, DSPE and Edward R. Close, DSPE, between 2008 and the present. ² An article titled An Evaluation of TDVP by J.E.F. Kaan, MSPE and Simon Ollings Rebsdorf, MSPE, was published in Telicom XXX.5, Fourth Quarter 2018. ³ This is a response to that article.  

Dr. Neppe and I are eager to engage in meaningful discussions about TDVP concepts with anyone interested in doing so. Personally, I am especially interested in evaluations of the mathematical logic and physical concepts of TDVP by people with training and a depth of knowledge in those subjects. Over the past ten years, I have had the good fortune to have many useful discussions about TDVP concepts with dozens of competent scientists, many of whom are PhDs in mathematical physics or related fields. The following quotes are representative:

“I rank Dr. Edward R. Close and Dr. Vernon M. Neppe as peers of the major authors of modern physics and mathematics. I equate them with greats, such as Planck, Einstein, … Newton…. Their work has clarified, and extended the science and mathematics that these geniuses originated …I foresee the day when they will both be awarded other honors, such as a Nobel Prize in Physics and (equivalent in) Mathematics.” … “The Close-Neppe seminal work in creating TDVP constitutes one of the most profound and far-reaching discoveries and developments in the history of the sciences.” …“When two polymaths make discoveries that are so groundbreaking they change the whole fabric of reality, it is clear that this is Nobel Prize material.”- Dr. David M. Stewart, PhD, ND, geophysicist, author of 17 books, international educator and speaker

“The 21st Century's revolutionary paradigm shift”; … “unprecedented brilliance and potentially limitless scientific and philosophical outreach …yielding a fresh and accurate understanding of various investigation fields of Nature, and opening … groundbreaking development perspectives for Sciences (emphatically plural!)”. “…The Neppe-Close contributions will change mankind's future… A seismic shift in understanding the understanding process itself! … The 21st Century's revolutionary paradigm shift.” Dr. Adrian Klein, DD, PhD, Dimensional Biopsychophysicist

“After having first read their papers my initial personal reaction was “This deserves a Nobel prize”. Later, I discovered that these two polymaths belong to the same high intellect societies in which I held personal membership, and in my opinion, they appear to be amongst the most creative thinkers currently advancing science in our world today.” … “When taken altogether, the entire work is worthy of several separate Nobel Prizes. … Ultimately, these two creative genius scientists have changed the world. …in order to look at the mathematics, Neppe and Close have recognized that there needs to be volume in everything. And if something is volumetric, this means it is 3-dimensional; it effectively can be calculated mathematically in terms of cubes. This leads to a whole string of Diophantine equations and what calculations do and do not fit within our empirical reality.”- Dr. Alan Hugenot, PhD, Author, Lecturer

“Dear Ed and Vernon, First, it was wonderful hearing Ed present at the ASCI meetings. … I found myself understanding, appreciating, and celebrating what the two of you have been doing. In fact, as I look over the 40 years of my attending scientific meetings, Ed's presentation is among THE MOST MEMORABLE AND MEANINGFUL of my entire academic (and personal) life”. – Dr. Gary E. Schwartz, PhD, Professor of psychology, medicine, neurology, psychiatry, and surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson

“We cannot have any particle, tiny or macroscopic or in our astronomical reality, without what is called ‘gimmel’— Neppe, Close and I and others regard gimmel as consciousness, or its vehicle as there is simply no other explanation … Neppe and Close have provided the data to solve complex questions by TDVP. Effectively, once one introduces extra dimensions, infinite continuity which embeds the 9 finite quantized dimensions, and consciousness/gimmel—“the God Matrix”— with math proofs plus unified reality as key points, the solutions for all finite reality become easier. This is why their TDVP model—unlike any other scientific model based on the Theory of Everything (TOE) criteria analysis—works, and why TDVP so closely reflects and encompasses the spiritual aspects.”- Dr. Surendra Pokharna PhD, Physicist, Ahmedabad, India

We are currently corresponding with PhD professionals interested in the applications and implications of TDVP and the natural quantum units of the calculus of dimensional distinctions. I have had a number of informal discussions with Mr. Kaan over a period of several years, but I can’t say that they were very productive, because his comments were generally negative, with no in-depth discussion of the math and physics behind TDVP; and I have had no previous discussions with Mr. Rebsdorf. Similar to their practice of shortening Neppe and Close to N&C, I will refer to them as K&R. We want to be respectful to K&R’s work, but understandably, we need to correct the obvious errors. 

When I was told that a critique of TDVP had been submitted to Telicom, I was hopeful that there would be something of substance to discuss — and there was. I am, however, disappointed with the K&R article because, much like some of Mr. Kaan’s informal comments, it is basically an opinion piece, with no in-depth scientific or mathematical evaluation of any of the innovative ideas in TDVP, even though it attempts to address, unsuccessfully, as I will show, the gimmel and Cabibbo angle derivations.

I am thankful that K&R took the time and effort to write this critique, and pleased to be able to respond to some of the misunderstandings and misinterpretations of TDVP found in the article. Except for a few general comments, I will confine my responses to K&R criticisms of the math and physics of TDVP, and leave other topics, like feasibility, falsifiability, and philosophy of science questions to Dr. Neppe. But, there will likely be some overlap in our responses, because physics and mathematics, while very important in any scientific paradigm, are only one part of the greater question concerning the nature of reality.

GENERAL COMMENTS

First, it is probably a good idea to acknowledge that we (N&C) have a fundamentally different opinion about the nature of reality than K&R, who apparently accept the physicalist belief that consciousness is an epiphenomenon, only arising when a certain level of physical complexity happens. We favor the opposite concept, that consciousness, in some form, had to precede the organization of elementary particles into stable, life-supporting structures. For me personally, this position is not just a philosophical belief, but a conclusion based on experience and reason.

At a very young age, I was inspired by the genius of scientists like Newton ⁴, Leibniz ⁵ and Einstein ^6-8, and mathematicians like Euler ⁹, Gӧdel ^{10; 11}and von Neumann ¹², but I  knew from personal experiences, that my consciousness can and does exist outside of and beyond my physical body. Most of the scientists, engineers and physicists I know who now support the view that consciousness is a fundamental part of reality, were mainstream physicalists before paradigm-shattering experiences changed their worldviews forever. I know several well-educated, professional scientists who have experienced unsought out-of-body experiences as the result of horrifying  accidents, or flat-lining on the operating table, and who later returned to normal bodily awareness, defying all conventional physicalist medical theories.

Second, K&R ³ state on page 144 of the Telicom article that: “TDVP seems to be based on two fallacious assumptions, namely:

1.     Physics excludes the paranormal (or “spiritual”).

2.     In order to be able to allow for paranormal events, you can modify the fundamentals of mainstream physics – without checking if the new theories still work for old experiments”

TDVP is not based on such assumptions. If I accepted assumption #1, I never could have written Transcendental Physics ¹³ in the early 1990s to make the point that physics could be expanded to include spiritual reality without detracting from what had already been discovered, by including consciousness in the equations. Concerning #2, in fact, we have checked upwards of fifty specific instances to see if TDVP actually works for prior existing experiments, and it does. And, finally, the conclusion of the article seems to be: TDVP simply can’t be right, because it doesn’t agree with the mainstream model of particle physics. I, like K&R, was trained in modern mathematical physics, but I have to reject this argument because it makes mainstream physics seem much like a religion. If you don’t agree with the physicalist doctrine, you are wrong by definition. Unfortunately, this is the kind of thinking that stifles real progress in the scientific understanding of the nature of reality.

In my opinion, academic specialization, and the division of natural science into separate academic fields, each with their own specialized assumptions, theories and arcane jargon, is the greatest single barrier to an integrated understanding of the nature of reality. Science and spirituality are both part of reality, and should not be incompatible. I understand why Georges Lemaître ^{14; 15} (mentioned by K&R) and other thinkers like him in the past, whose interests included both science and theology, avoided integrating their research: It would have been very difficult from the standpoint of an individual’s ability to study several subjects in one lifetime, and doing so could have literally resulted in losing one’s head. Governments and religions organized in the Middle Ages to control the masses had no compunction about physically enforcing their authority with torture and murder, when they were challenged. Perhaps the time has finally come for the reconnection of natural science with its metaphysical roots. We need to  expand science to include more than just the tip of the iceberg of reality represented by physical theory.

K&R CRITICISM OF THE MATH AND PHYSICS OF TDVP

K&R’s criticisms of the math and physics of TDVP are presented in Section 3 of their article, titled: “Critical Results and Analysis”. This section takes bits and pieces of some TDVP derivations out of context, and out of the logic in which they were developed. Because of this, it misses the importance of the need for a quantum calculus. And K&R, like physicalists in general, ignore the clues pointing to the errors in their own paradigm.

K&R’s arguments contain several misunderstandings and/or misrepresentations. They also, rather predictably, fall back on some of the refrains adopted by mainstream physicists trying to avoid the empirical evidence that points to something very distasteful for physicalists: the implication that consciousness may have a direct effect on reality. In the article we find the claim that “spin, related to quantum phenomena is not mechanical spin; quantum spin is a quantum property” without any explanation of what is meant by that. This is one of several statements mainstream physicists put forth as if they were self-evident facts, culminating in the statement “Quantum Mechanics Does Not Require Any Conscious Observer” ¹⁶. K&R do not offer any proof of this statement, but simply state that “This fact is undisputed and well established, comprehensively described and empirically demonstrated in any graduate-level theoretical physics textbook.”

K&R are correct that the mainstream physicalist position is that quantum mechanics does not require a conscious observer. But they grossly overstate the case when they say that this belief is undisputed and empirically demonstrated. If one reads the existing literature on the measurement problem arising from the interaction of the observer with quantum phenomena, and not just the mainstream physicalist opinion, one finds that avoidance of interpretation of empirical evidence suggesting the involvement of the observer is the unstated bias of mainstream physicalists.¹⁷ The result is that the measurement problem is treated totally within the mathematical formulation of the physicalist interpretation of quantum theory. If the problem is approached in a theory-neutral manner, a number of physicists have concluded that no interpretation of quantum phenomena can completely avoid the existence of a measurement problem involving the observer. ^{18; 19} A few mainstream physicists like David Bohm ^{20; 21}, John Wheeler ^{22; 23}, Amit Goswami ^{24; 25}, Fred Alan Wolf ²⁶, Menas Kafatos ²⁷, and Henry Stapp ^28-30 have been bold enough to think outside the box of strict physicalist interpretations of the data from quantum experiments like the double-slit ³¹ and delayed-choice experiments. ²²

The subjectively biased position of most mainstream scientists is that the laws governing quantum phenomena are so different from the laws of “classical” physics, that you should not bother to think about the possibility that there might be logical relationships between them. A common refrain of mainstream physicists ³² is: “Quantum physics is simply weird. We must just accept that there is no explaining it, and go on with practical application of what we know about quantum-scale phenomena, even though it conflicts the laws of macro-scale physics,”  But, in fact, reality is never in conflict with itself, the conflict is between scientific theories.

Before addressing the misunderstandings in K&R’s analysis of the TDVP derivation of the Cabibbo angle and gimmel, perhaps some history of the origin of the party-line used by physicalists to avoid dealing with consciousness ¹⁹, is in order. The basic dodge is the intellectual smokescreen provided by the statement that some of the physical processes of quantum phenomena are so strange, that they cannot be compared with, or explained in “classical” physical concepts. This mental barrier prevents mainstream scientists from asking why the standard model has massless and mathematical singularity “particles”. We can see why and how this wizard-of-Oz curtain was fabricated by examining the thinking of some leading physicists.

THE EINSTEIN-BOHR DEBATE

The main players in the publicized version of the drama called the Einstein-Bohr debate ³³ were Albert Einstein ⁷ and Niels Bohr. ³⁴ The argument was about the nature of reality at the quantum scale, which is also what we are talking about here. The argument was over whether reality at the quantum scale is inherently probabilistic to the degree specified by Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle ³⁵, or completely deterministic. Einstein argued for determinism ^{7; 33}, and Bohr for probabilism ³⁴.

The argument centered around a paper that became known as the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) Paradox. ³³ Using a well-known quantum phenomenon, and applying classical dynamics, the EPR paper produced a clear contradiction of the Uncertainty Principle. Einstein argued that this paradox implied that quantum theory, as formalized by Bohr ^{34; 36}, Heisenberg and Schrӧdinger ^37-39, must be incomplete. Bohr countered with what became known as the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics ⁴⁰, which stated that quantum phenomena are not localized until observed or measured, and implied that elementary particles could not be described in classical terms. This was unacceptable to most mainstream physicists because it implied that, as theoretical physicist John Wheeler put it:

 “There is no elementary phenomenon until it is an observed phenomenon”. ⁴¹ 

Most quantum physicists believe that the only way the EPR paradox is avoided is by concluding that quantum phenomena do not obey the classical laws of physics. The exact location and momentum of an elementary particle cannot be known simultaneously, as is the case with macro-scale objects like baseballs or missiles.

The eventual resolution of the Einstein-Bohr debate, made possible by Bell’s Inequality (also known as Bell’s Theorem ^42-44) applied to the EPR experiment, resulted in a consistent demonstration of quantum uncertainty. This result is well known, and has been discussed and written about ad nauseam, but the point to be made here is that it raises profound questions about the nature of reality, and establishes quantum entanglement ^45-47, a concept that helps to explain the results of quantum experiments like the double-slit ^{18; 31} and delayed-choice experiments ²², dealing with electrons, photons and other elementary particles.

Niels Bohr had some interesting things to say about quantum mechanics that I think may have started mainstream physicists on the yellow brick road to the Land of Oz and the impenetrable magic curtain of quantum weirdness ⁴⁸:

·       If quantum mechanics hasn't profoundly shocked you, you haven't yet understood it.

·       Everything we call real is made of things that cannot be regarded as real.

·       It is wrong to think that the task of physics is to find out how Nature is. Physics is only concerned with what we can say about our experience of Nature.

But, I agree with Bohr when he said ⁴⁸:

·       Nothing exists until it is measured.

·       A physicist is just an atom’s way of looking at itself.

·       Every description of natural processes must be based on ideas which have been introduced and defined by classical theory.

This last quote tells us that, even though some of Bohr’s statements may have inspired the attitude that quantum weirdness cannot be explained in terms of classical physical theory, he himself did not believe that!

Physicalists like Richard Feynman ³², and most experimental particle physicists since Bohr, have perpetuated the idea that quantum physics is weird, counter-intuitive, and cannot be reconciled with classical physics. The following Feynman quotes are revealing:

·       One does not, by knowing all the physical laws as we know them today, immediately obtain an understanding of anything much…The more you see how strangely Nature behaves, the harder it is to make a model that explains how even the simplest phenomena actually work. So theoretical physics has given up on that ⁴⁹

·       “What I am going to tell you about is what we teach our physics students in the third or fourth year of graduate school... It is my task to convince you not to turn away because you don't understand it. You see, my physics students don't understand it.... That is because I don't understand it. Nobody does.” ⁴⁹

Lest anyone think that I disrespect Niels Bohr and Richard Feynman because I trace the beginnings of the irrational doctrine of quantum weirdness to them, I assure you, I do not.

Niels Bohr was a great physicist. Also, in my opinion, Richard Feynman was a great teacher of physics. I choose to call him a teacher rather than a professor, as a compliment, because there are many professional scientists who haven’t the foggiest notion how to teach as well as he did. And I admire his  honesty very much. He never pretended to know more than he did, a very rare thing among physicists!

CRITIQUE OF THE CRITICISM

Reading through Sections 3 and 4, I found that they contain no less than forty (40) erroneous statements about TDVP. Most of them are easily rebutted, but addressing each statement separately would be tedious and not very instructive because they are presented in a random order, suggesting that K&R might be deliberately misrepresenting TDVP definitions and derivations primarily in order to defend the standard model. But, after carefully reading the article again, and thinking about each statement, I conclude that they were probably not deliberately twisting and garbling the ideas behind TDVP; they just didn’t understand them. Most of the incorrect statements were related to a few basic misunderstandings. So, I will clarify the misunderstandings first, because I think that will be the best way to explain TDVP. Of course, not everything K&R have said is false, and by weeding out the things that are, we may be able to find some common ground.

Putting the Basic Concepts in the Proper Context

The critique addresses two aspects of TDVP seen by K&R as key concepts: (1) The discovery of gimmel, the third form of the substance of reality, and (2) the TDVP derivation of the Cabibbo angle. But they are taken out of context because K&R did not understand the need for a natural quantum equivalence unit as the basis of a quantum calculus. Most of the errors in the article can be cleared up by addressing the criticisms in proper order: First, the derivation of natural quantum units. second, the discovery of gimmel, and third, the Cabibbo angle derivation.

The Need for a Quantum Equivalence Unit and a Quantum Calculus

We can’t solve problems using the same kind of thinking that created them. – Albert Einstein

The most basic thing that K&R missed, is the need for a calculus with measurement units that are tied to the natural quanta of the real world. This mis-step is evidenced by their reference to Figure 1, displayed on page 147 of the article:

 “… the mass values are assumed to be integers, apparently to be in line with quantum physics. Yet from the data in Figure 1, we can see the quark masses are not integer at all. The same will, of course, be found in any text on this topic.”

Indeed, these masses for quarks, from the statistical evaluation of terabytes of Large Hadron Collider (LHC) data are not integer, and they are readily available. But these data for up-quarks and down-quarks, along with the mass of the electron, are the same data used in the derivation of the basic quantum units of mass in the TDVP calculations. The way they are naturalized is straight-forward and should be understood by any undergraduate physics or math student. The derivation of natural quantum units for TDVP has been published several times, including in Reality Begins with Consciousness ⁷⁸ and in several ^79-81 peer-reviewed papers ^{79; 82} in addition to my Transcendental Physics blog — http://www.erclosetphysics.com. ⁸³

I would expect anyone trained in modern physics to be familiar with the conversion of SI units to natural units. Naturalized units of measurement are created in a number of ways, and as physicists, K&R should at least be familiar with naturalized Planck units. They shouldn’t have to be told why, even though mass is quantized in the real world, the values in Figure 1 are not integers. They are not integers because the units of measurement being used are not naturalized quantum units.

Quantization of energy and mass means that, if the units used to measure mass are normalized to the value of the smallest stable mass in natural elements, which happens to be the mass of the electron, then all stable masses should be integer multiples of that quantum mass.

Shortly after this misunderstanding, on page 148, K&R state: “N&C’s detailed calculation method can be found in a blog by Close (but not in any peer-reviewed physics journal article)³⁰. In his calculation, the use of the equation (charge³ + mass³ + gimmel³ )^1/3 is really obscure physics …”

There are several errors in this statement,[1] including the fact that  this expression cited by K&R is not an equation.  The type of equation we apply in the derivation is the Diophantine equation: W³ + X³ + Y³ = Z³, where W, X, Y, and Z are each converted to quantum equivalence units of mass, energy and gimmel.

As K&R suggest, dimensional analysis is an excellent tool to help assure that there are no errors in an equation. The unitary equation should reduce to the same basic units on both sides. Adding Coulombs, kilograms and quantum equivalence units of gimmel would make no sense at all, and that is never done in TDVP derivations. All of the terms in TDVP equations are in quantum equivalence units. Note: When scalar quantum equivalence units are raised to any multiple of the third power, they become volumetric and are called Triadic Rotational Units of Equivalence (TRUE).

Missing the most basic and critical step of TDVP analysis, i.e., the conversion of SI units to quantum equivalence units, K&R failed to follow the derivations. For example:

“Close calculated negative numbers for gimmel, but then continued with some number juggling (with arbitrary integers for gimmel), until the whole thing seemed to work again, which is not an established sound method in physics.”

This shows, to their credit, that they read some of the TDVP derivations, but, unfortunately, they didn’t understand them. The negative calculated values were simply part of the iteration to establish the simplest possible solution. None of the values used in determining the amount of gimmel in naturalized quantum equivalence units in each quark were “arbitrary’. And any experimental or theoretical physicist should be familiar with the method of using reasonable estimates as a starting point and then iteratively zeroing in on the values that actually satisfy an equation. This method is used routinely and extensively in applied physics and engineering. It is called iterative computation. ⁸⁴

The Discovery of Gimmel and a Simpler Approach to Explaining Subatomic Phenomena

When the solution is simple, God is answering – Albert Einstein ⁸⁵

Nature follows the rule of parsimony ^{86; 87}: the simplest theory that explains the most, is best. The Ptolemaic geo-centric model of the universe, e.g., with cycles and epi-cycles, explained the observed movements of the known planets at the time of Ptolemy (second century AD), but it was very complex, and it became even more complex every time a new astronomical body was discovered. The helio-centric solar system model that eventually replaced it, was much simpler, and explained more.

We are now again at the same kind of flex point. And the clues have been piling up after relativity ^{8; 88; 89} and quantum mechanics ^{25; 90; 91} revolutionized our understanding of reality, and application of the new knowledge advanced technology. Experiments began to show that something was wrong. Science was becoming more and more complicated. Particle-wave duality ⁹² was introduced by de Broglie ^{93; 94}, Planck declared there is no matter as such ⁹⁵ and Einstein concluded that space-time has no existence of its own ⁹⁶, and reality is a field phenomenon ⁷. Resolution of the EPR paradox revealed strange new phenomena like non-locality ^{77; 97} and quantum entanglement ^{45; 98}. Not only that, particle physics would not work without the existence of objects that are not really particles. Some “particles” have no mass, and some are dimensionless, violating the very definition of a physical particle.

The standard model holds that gluons, defined as vector bosons, with little or no mass, mediate the strong force that holds protons together, but just how they do this is unknown. It is wrapped up in the quantum weirdness of abstract terms called “quantum properties” ⁵⁰ like spin numbers ^{60; 99; 100} , “flavors” and “colors”. ⁴⁹On the other hand, our 2011 ² discovery ¹ that something without mass or energy, i.e., something non-physical, has to be present in up-quarks and down-quarks for stable protons ^{69; 101}to exist ^{79; 80}, tells us that there is much more to reality than matter and energy interacting in time and space. The discovery that the greater part of reality, the part that assures that the atomic structures supporting organic life forms are the most stable is non-physical, is revolutionary. ² When the LHC masses of up- and down-quarks are converted to integer multiples of the natural quantum units of the electron, we find that protons, composed of two up-quarks of four quantum equivalence units each, and one down-quark of nine quantum equivalence units, would be asymmetric and rotationally unstable without a specific number of quantum equivalence units of something that cannot be measured as mass or energy. ^{79; 82}

The existence of this third form of content ⁷⁹, which we have called gimmel ^{69; 81; 82; 102-104}, makes the physical structure of the proton larger and symmetrically stable, so that classical relativistic dynamics explains the weak and strong forces, and the exact amount of mass measured experimentally for the proton, is determined mathematically. Clearly, with gimmel, TDVP explains more, in simpler terms, than the standard model explains. It also explains why quarks only combine in triples, why fermions have ½ intrinsic spin, and even why there is something, rather than nothing. ^{73; 105; 106}  Quite independently, Saul-Paul Sirag also showed prior to us doing this, that fermion groups come in three ¹⁰⁷ (our work with 2 quarks and an electron would be an example).

TDVP is simple, but it is hard for scientists trained in the physicalist philosophy of the mainstream educational system to comprehend, because it expands scientific investigation beyond the limited range of energies revealed by the physical senses and physical extensions by including consciousness in the equations ⁷⁶ describing the combination of quarks to form stable protons and other stable structures ¹⁰⁸.

The TDVP Derivation of the Cabibbo Angle

One of the earliest challenges to the TDVP model, came from a Johns Hopkins astronomer. He said that if we could explain why the Cabibbo angle has the strange value it has, he would take TDVP more seriously. The empirical value of the angle was 13.04 degrees, but no one could explain why it should be that value. It could not be derived from the standard particle physics theory. Our initial response was that TDVP was a metaparadigm and that this question was outside the scope of TDVP at that time. If the model proved to be successful, such technical detail might be something we could investigate later.

Before I explain the TDVP derivation, some history may again be in order: I was accepted into a graduate program in theoretical physics at the University of Missouri at Rolla in 1964. That was the same year Murray Gell-Mann introduced the idea that protons and neutrons, thought at that time to be the ultimate building blocks of atomic nuclei, were actually composed of yet smaller components that he called quarks. The existence of these sub-proton particles was confirmed experimentally in 1968 in the Stanford linear accelerator. Physicist Richard Feynman called the sub-proton particles partons, but it soon became clear that they were the same objects that Gell-Mann had called quarks, and that name stuck. In 1969, Gell-Mann received the Nobel Prize in Physics for defining the family of elementary particles called quarks.

In 1963, just one year prior to Gell-Mann’s introduction of subatomic quarks, the Italian physicist Nicola Cabibbo introduced what became known as the Cabibbo angle, written θC. It was the angle of rotation of the eigenvectors of matrices describing the inertial bodies of elementary particles, preserving the universality of the so-called weak interaction thought to govern the formation and decay of elementary particles.

What are eigenvectors? To answer that question, we go back about 200 years, when the Swiss mathematician and physicist Leonhard Euler noted the importance of the principal axis of rotation in analyzing rotating rigid bodies, and one of his contemporaries, French mathematician Joseph-Luis Lagrange, recognized that the principal axes of rotation were the characteristic vectors of inertia matrices describing rotating objects. But the terms eigenwert (eigenvalue) and eigenvector may be traced back even farther, to the German physicist Hermann von Helmholtz. Eigen is the verb “to own” in German, and is also used to mean something’s “own characteristic”, or something specific, or peculiar to a person or object; so, it was natural to call the characteristic vector of a matrix the eigenvector of the matrix.

Later, θC became known as the quark mixing angle, a matrix feature related to the probability of strange-quarks and down-quarks decaying to up-quarks. And finally, the Cabibbo angle is now recognized as part of the Standard Model of particle physics Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix, or CKM matrix. The CKM matrix is a unitary matrix, containing information about the strength of the flavor-changing weak interaction force among quarks. It specifies the asymmetry of the quantum states of quarks, and is relevant to the understanding of CP violation in the three generations of quarks. Bear in mind that Gell-Mann’s quark theory was unknown to Nicola Cabibbo when he described θC in 1963. [Nicola Cabibbo. Phys. Rev. Lett. 10, 531 – Published 15 June 1963]

Because of the challenge by the Johns Hopkins astronomer, I began to think about it, and soon became convinced that the value of the Cabibbo angle could be derived by applying the math of TDVP to the dynamics of the rotation of quarks and electrons. The basis of my optimism was the fact that I had been able to explain the ½ intrinsic spin of fermions by simulating an object spinning in multiple planes at the same time, suggesting that the Cabibbo angle might also be the result of vortical rotation, i.e. spin in multiple dimensions.

In the derivation of quantum equivalence units in the Calculus of Dimensional distinctions (CoDD), the quantum calculus of TDVP, it was determined that the angular velocity of a spinning elementary object reaches light speed before its diameter shrinks to zero. This means that the angular velocity at the minimum quantum volume is calculated to be 2.9974 x10⁸ m/sec, a large fraction of the speed of light. Applying the Lorentz contraction equation, the contraction for each dimensional rotation is calculated to be a factor of 0.01810, or 1.629 degrees REF. For an observer, one axis of rotation is stationary as part of the reference frame, so only 8 of the 9 dimensions in a 9-D reality are rotating with respect to the observer. Consequently, 1.629 is multiplied by 8, yielding 13.032 degrees, in agreement with θC derived from experimental data for the Cabibbo angle (13.04±0.01 degrees).

Reading K&R’s discussion of the Cabibbo angle reveals another deep misunderstanding: They appear to think that TDVP contradicts and seeks to replace Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and Quantum Field theory (CFT). It does not. QCD and QFT describe the structure of the family of quarks revealed by LHC experiments, TDVP explains why there is a family of quarks. QCD and QFT are primarily descriptive, TDVP is explanatory.

One of the things K&R got right, was the statement that “… because N&C include consciousness ⁷⁶ in particle physics, we expect the academic community at large will likely not give much attention to TDVP.” Achieving publication of TDVP derivations in mainstream math and physics journals has been difficult because of the interdisciplinary nature of TDVP. We have had negative responses from editors of mainstream journals citing reluctance to publish “material outside the journal discipline” and the “unavailability of peer-reviewers with the appropriate interdisciplinary expertise”.

How does a concept outside the mainstream paradigm get published in mainstream journals dominated by editors who share the physicalist philosophy? We thought that explaining phenomena not explained by the mainstream paradigm might get their attention; but apparently that does not work if the word ‘consciousness’ ⁷⁶ is mentioned. The idea that consciousness is fundamental is rejected as pseudoscience by physicalists. The sad part is that they don’t seem to realize that their position is unscientific.

K&R say that both of the following statements are unscientific and unfalsifiable:

A) The universe cannot exist without consciousness.

B) The universe could exist without consciousness.

TDVP actually falsifies B and proves that A is true. It does this simply by showing that the most stable structure in the universe, the proton, cannot be stable without the existence of consciousness ⁷⁷. This makes ‘physicalism pseudoscience’ and TDVP a real paradigm shift.

CONCLUSION

The article by K&R is not an effective evaluation of TDVP. It is little more than a weak defense of outdated physicalist theory. The authors rush to judgement, presenting their conclusions first, reflecting their belief that TDVP can’t be correct, because it addresses consciousness as a fundamental part of reality, which doesn’t conform to the physicalist dogma of mainstream physics. The article misconstrues TDVP as an attack on QCD and QFT, which are descriptions of subatomic structure, while TDVP actually explains the phenomena that QCD and QFT describe. Instead of trying to understand TDVP, the authors appear to be looking for a way to dismiss it without going to the trouble of trying to understand the basic concepts, or following the detailed derivations, mathematical proofs, and verified results it contains, to their logical conclusion.

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[1] With respect, K&R’s detailed TDVP derivations are not in the cited reference #30 in K&R 1. Kaan J, Rebsdorf SO: An evaluation of TDVP. Telicom 30: 5; 142-157, 2018.  and (charge³ + mass³ + gimmel³ )^1/3 is certainly not an expression used in the TDVP derivations.

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