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The copy engine relied on the Windows Cache Manager to perform asynchronous read-ahead, which essentially reads the source file in the background while Explorer is busy writing data to a different disk or a remote system. It also relied on the Cache Managerâs write-behind mechanism to flush the copied fileâs contents from memory back to disk in a timely manner so that the memory could be quickly repurposed if necessary, and so that data loss is minimized in the face of a disk or system failure. You can see the algorithm at work in this Process Monitor trace of a 256KB file being copied on Windows XP from one directory to another with filters applied to focus on the data reads and writes:
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event | Process | Read range | Real disk read | Write range | Real disk write |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Explorer | 0 ~ 64 KB | |||
2 | Explorer | 0 ~ 64 KB | |||
3 | System | 128 KB ~ 196 KB | |||
4 | System | 196 KB ~ 256 KB | |||
5 | Explorer | 0 ~ 64 KB | |||
6 | Explorer | 64 ~ 128 KB | |||
15 | Explorer | 64 ~ 128 KB | |||
16 | Explorer | 64 ~ 128 KB | |||
17 | Explorer | 128 KB ~ 196 KB | |||
18 | Explorer | 64 ~ 128 KB | |||
19 | Explorer | 196 KB ~ 256 KB | |||
22 | Explorer | 196 KB ~ 256 KB | |||
23 | Explorer | End of File | |||
811 | System | 0 ~ 64 KB | |||
1175 | System | 64 ~ 128 KB | |||
1213 | System | 64 ~ 128 KB | |||
1233 | System | 196 KB ~ 256 KB |
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