Calenardhon

Aragorn and Legolas, at Rohan's outskirt

Calenardhon was the first name of the plains of Rohan, when it was still a part of the kingdom of Gondor. The name, in Sindarin, means 'the Green Region' or 'Green Province', and was an area of sparsely-populated grassy plains west of Anórien and north of the White Mountains.

History

Map of Calenardhon

In the west the Gap of Calenardhon was protected by the two fortresses of Angrenost and Aglarond, although in later centuries Dunlendings increasingly began to infiltrate Calenardhon unchecked. In the reign of Rómendacil II, forts were built at the Undeeps to protect the province from invasion across the Anduin. Never densely populated, the province was decimated by the Great Plague and remained mostly empty thereafter.

During the rule of the Steward Cirion, the province came under attack from the Balchoth. The forts at the Undeeps were repaired beforehand but Gondor lacked the men to garrison them fully and the invaders swiftly penetrated the defense. In order to drive back the Balchoth, Gondor called upon the Éothéod for aid; the horsemen, under Eorl the Young, were successful in vanquishing the enemy at the Battle of the Field of Celebrant.

After the battle, the Éothéod were ceded all of Calenardhon by Cirion in return for their perpetual assistance against mutual enemies, becoming the Rohirrim.

Etymology

Calenardhon is a Sindarin word meaning 'Green region'.

Translations

Foreign Language	Translated name
Amharic	ካሌናርዶን
Arabic	كاليناردهون
Armenian	Կալենարդոն
Assamese	কেলেনাৰডন
Belarusian Cyrillic	Каленардон
Bengali	কালেনারধোন
Bulgarian Cyrillic	Каленардон
Chinese	卡蘭納宏
Georgian	კალენარდონი
Greek	Καλέναρντχον
Gujarati	કાલેનાર્ધન
Hebrew	קאלנארדון
Hindi	कलेनर्धोन
Japanese	カレナルゾン
Kannada	ಕಲೆನಾರ್ಧನ್
Konkani	कॅलेनार्डोन
Korean	?
Macedonian Cyrillic	Каленардон
Malayalam	കലനാർഡോൺ
Marathi	कालेनार्धोन
Mongolian Cyrillic	Калэнардхон
Nepalese	कलेनर्धोन
Persian	کاله‌ناردون
Punjabi	ਕੈਲੇਨਾਰਧੋਂ
Russian	Каленардон
Sanskrit	कैलेनार्डोन्
Serbian	Каленардон (Cyrillic) Kalenardon (Latin)
Sinhalese	කලෙනාර්ඩන්
Tajik Cyrillic	Каленардон
Tamil	கலேனார்தோன்
Tatar	Каленардон
Thai	คาเลนาร์ดอน
Ukrainian Cyrillic	Каленардон
Yiddish	כּאַלענאַרדהאָן