Abagovomab

Abagovomab
Monoclonal antibody
Type	Whole antibody
Source	Mouse
Target	(imitates CA-125)
Clinical data
Pregnancy; category	N/A;
Routes of; administration	subcutaneous
ATC code	none;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	N/A
Excretion	N/A
Identifiers
CAS Number	792921-10-9 ;
ChemSpider	none;
UNII	3YK0326U7X;
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Abagovomab is a mouse anti-idiotype monoclonal antibody whose variable epitope mirrors a tumour antigen (CA-125) highly expressed in the epithelial ovarian cancer. Abagovomab does not bind directly to CA-125, but it works as a "surrogate" antigen, enabling the immune system to identify and attack tumour cells displaying the CA-125 protein. Through this, it is hoped that the body's immune system may be able to combat any remaining individual tumour cells and thus prevent recurrence of the disease.^{[medical citation needed]}

Current status

Abagovomab is under clinical development in patients with advanced ovarian cancer, as consolidation of the remission status obtained following surgery and standard platinum and taxane first line chemotherapy.^{[medical citation needed]}

Phase II

In a Phase II study on 119 patients with advanced ovarian cancer in which the standard therapies had already been ineffective, treatment with abagovomab led to a prolongation of survival time (23.4 months compared to 4.9 months) in those patients who responded to the vaccination, i.e. those in whom the formation of antibodies against the tumour was proven (almost 70% of patients).^{[medical citation needed]} The vaccine showed hardly any side effects in preliminary studies.^{[medical citation needed]}

Ovarian cancer

Ovarian cancer is the most malignant tumour of the female reproductive organs. After endometrial cancer, it is the second most common genital tumour in women with c. 9,000 women newly affected each year and, because of its aggressiveness, it has the highest mortality rate. This is due in part to the fact that there is no screening examination for early detection, and that the disease is therefore usually only discovered at an advanced stage, and in part to the tumour's tendency, although responding well to initial treatment, to recur again later.^{[medical citation needed]}

In spite of initially successful treatment with surgery and chemotherapy, which forces back the tumour "completely", i.e. into no longer visible residues, there is a relapse of the disease (recurrence) in more than half the women affected. Today, no further therapy would be conducted in this situation as long as the disease did not occur again, i.e. clinical monitoring of the symptom-free patients as part of follow-up care is the current standard procedure. In this time-window of the patient's history so called ‘watch and wait’ abagovomab is potentially capable of deferring or even preventing the occurrence of the relapse.^{[medical citation needed]}

Development

Abagovomab has been developed by the pharmaceutical company Menarini. A multicenter clinical trial, internationally known as MIMOSA (Monoclonal antibody Immunotherapy for Malignancies of the Ovary by Subcutaneous Abagovomab), in which Abagovomab will be administered as maintenance therapy (after first line therapy with surgery and chemotherapy), is ongoing in patients with ovarian cancer. Nine hundred women in whom the ovarian tumour was removed by surgery and standard chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin can be enrolled in the MIMOSA study, involving eight countries throughout the world (Germany, United States, Italy, Poland, Czech Republic, Spain, Hungary and Belgium) in more than 120 experienced clinical sites.^{[citation needed]}

Phase III of the trial showed no evidence of slowing ovarian cancer with a monoclonal antibody against CA125. Price of the vaccine is $3009.3.^[1]

References

^ "Medical News: ESGO: Anti-CA125 Fails to Slow Ovarian Cancer - in Meeting Coverage, ESGO from". MedPage Today. Retrieved 2011-09-26.

External links

Menarini page about abagovomab Archived 2007-06-11 at the Wayback Machine
Menarini page about MIMOSA project Archived 2007-05-21 at the Wayback Machine
Clinical trial MIMOSA
Clinical trial MIMOSA

[1] "Medical News: ESGO: Anti-CA125 Fails to Slow Ovarian Cancer - in Meeting Coverage, ESGO from". MedPage Today. Retrieved 2011-09-26.

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