This is a list of the legislative assemblies of Canada's provinces and territories. Each province's legislative assembly, along with the province's lieutenant governor, form the province's legislature (which is called a parliament or general assembly in some provinces). Historically, several provinces had bicameral legislatures, but they all eventually dissolved their upper house or merged it with their lower house, so that all provincial legislatures are now unicameral.
Members of the legislative assemblies of Canada's provinces and territories are called by various names. In most provinces and all three territories, they are called Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) in English. In Ontario, they are called members of Provincial Parliament (MPPs); in Quebec, they are called members of the National Assembly (MNAs); and in Newfoundland and Labrador, they are called members of the House of Assembly (MHAs).
The legislative assembly with the most members is the National Assembly of Quebec, which consists of 125 MNAs. The provincial legislative assembly with the fewest members is the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island, which consists of 27 MLAs. All of the legislative assemblies of Canada’s territories have fewer members than that of Prince Edward Island.
Current legislative assemblies
edit- Provincial legislative assemblies
| Province | Legislature name | Assembly name | Location | First minister | Members | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Alberta
|
Legislature | Legislative Assembly[a] | Edmonton | Premier[b] | 87 MLAs | [1] |
 British Columbia
|
Parliament | Legislative Assembly[a] | Victoria | Premier[b] | 87 MLAs | [2] |
 Manitoba
|
Legislature | Legislative Assembly[a] | Winnipeg | Premier[b] | 57 MLAs | [3] |
 New Brunswick
|
Legislature | Legislative Assembly[a] | Fredericton | Premier[b] | 49 MLAs | [4] |
 Newfoundland and Labrador
|
General Assembly | House of Assembly[a] | St. John's | Premier[b] | 40 MHAs | [5] |
 Nova Scotia
|
General Assembly | House of Assembly[a] | Halifax | Premier[b] | 55 MLAs | [6] |
 Ontario
|
Parliament (List) | Legislative Assembly[a] | Toronto | Premier[b] | 124 MPPs | [7] |
 Prince Edward Island
|
General Assembly | Legislative Assembly[a] | Charlottetown | Premier[b] | 27 MLAs | [8] |
 Quebec
|
Parliament | National Assembly[c] | Quebec City | Premier[b] | 125 MNAs | [9] |
 Saskatchewan
|
Legislature | Legislative Assembly[a] | Regina | Premier[b] | 61 MLAs | [10] |
- Territorial assemblies
| Territory | Legislature name | Assembly name | Location | First minister | Members | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Northwest Territories
|
Legislature (List) | Legislative Assembly[d] | Yellowknife | Premier[b] | 19 MLAs | [11] |
 Nunavut
|
Legislature (List) | Legislative Assembly[e][a] | Iqaluit | Premier[f][b] | 22 MLAs | [12] |
 Yukon
|
Legislature | Legislative Assembly[a] | Whitehorse | Premier[b] | 19 MLAs | [13] |
- Autonomous area assemblies
| Area | Government name | Assembly name | Location | First minister | Members | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Déline District
|
Déline Gotʼine Government | Déline Kʼaowǝdó Kǝ[g] | Déline | Ɂekwʼahtidǝ[h] | 12 members | [14] |
 Haida Gwaii
|
Council of the Haida Nation[i] | House of Assembly | Hlg̱aagilda | President | 14 members | [15] |
| Nisg̱a'a Nation
|
Nisg̱aʼa Lisims Government | Wilp Si’ayuukhl Nisg̱a’a | Gitlax̱tʼaamiks | Executive chairperson | 36 members | [16] |
 Nunatsiavut
|
Nunatsiavut Kavamanga Government | Nunatsiavut Assembly | Hopedale | First Minister | 18 MNAs | [17] |
| Tla’amin Nation
|
Tla’amin Government | General Assembly | Powell River | Tla’amin Government Hegus | 9 officials | [18] |
 Tłı̨chǫ Ndé
|
Tłı̨chǫ Government | Tłı̨chǫ Ndek'àowo Assembly | Behchokǫ̀ | Grand Chief | 13 members | [19] |
Gallery
edit
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Current composition of legislative assemblies
editIn the table below, the parties with shading form part of the provincial government whilst the parties in bold have official party status.
| Province | Seats (majority) |
Green | Liberal | NDP | PC | Other parties (governing) |
Other parties (in opposition) |
Ind. | Last election |
Next election |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alberta | 87 (44) |
- | - | 37 | - | UCP 49 | - | - | 2023 | 32nd |
| British Columbia | 93 (47) |
2 | - | 47 | - | - | CPBC 44 | - | 2024 | 44th |
| Manitoba | 57 (29) |
- | 1 | 34 | 21 | - | - | 1 | 2023 | 44th |
| New Brunswick | 49 (25) |
2 | 31 | - | 16 | - | - | - | 2024 | 42nd |
| Newfoundland and Labrador |
40 (21) |
- | 22 | 14 | 2 | - | - | 2 | 2021 | 52nd |
| Nova Scotia | 55 (28) |
- | - | - | - | - | - | - | Ongoing | 65th |
| Ontario | 124 (63) |
2 | 9 | 28 | 79 | - | - | 6 | 2022 | 44th |
| Prince Edward Island |
27 (14) |
3 | 3 | - | 21 | - | - | - | 2023 | 68th |
| Quebec | 125 (63) |
- | 19 | - | - | CAQ 88 | QS 12, PQ 4 |
2 | 2022 | 44th |
| Saskatchewan | 61 (31) |
- | - | 27 | - | Sask. 34 | - | - | 2024 | 31st |
| Territory | Seats (majority) |
Consensus | Liberal | NDP | Other parties (in opposition) |
Last election |
Next election |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Northwest Territories |
19 (10) |
19 | - | - | - | 2023 | 26th |
| Nunavut | 22 (12) |
22 | - | - | - | 2021 | 7th |
| Yukon | 19 (10) |
- | 8 | 3[j] | Yukon 8 | 2021 | 40th |
Past legislative chambers
editPast legislative chambers of provinces and territories
edit| Period | Lower house | Upper house | Viceroy | Parliament |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1849-1866 | Split into Colonies of Vancouver Island and British Columbia (mainland). | |||
| 1866–1871 | — | Legislative Council of British Columbia* | Governor of the United Colony of British Columbia | Governor-in-Council |
| 1871–present | Legislative Assembly of British Columbia | — | Lieutenant governor of British Columbia | Parliament of British Columbia |
*Included some elected members, but did not have responsible government.
| Period | Lower house | Upper house | Viceroy | Parliament |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1670-1821 | Part of Rupert's Land (now Northwest Territories). | |||
| 1821-1870 | — | Council of Assiniboia | Governor of Red River Colony and Assiniboia District | Governor-in-Council |
| 1870–1876 | Legislative Assembly of Manitoba | Legislative Council of Manitoba | Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba and the North-West Territories | Legislature of Manitoba |
| 1876–1905 | — | Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba and Keewatin | ||
| 1905–present | Lieutenant governor of Manitoba | |||
| Period | Lower house | Upper house | Viceroy | Parliament |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1763–1784 | Part of Nova Scotia. | |||
| 1784–1891 | Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick | Legislative Council of New Brunswick | Lieutenant governor of New Brunswick | New Brunswick Legislature |
| 1891–present | — | |||
| Period | Lower house | Upper house | Viceroy | Parliament |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1655–1713 | — | — | Governor of Plaisance | — |
| 1713–1770 | Lieutenant Governor of Placentia | |||
| 1770–1825 | — (see Commodore-Governor) | |||
| 1825–1833 | Governor of Newfoundland | |||
| 1833–1934 | Newfoundland House of Assembly | Legislative Council of Newfoundland | General Assembly of Newfoundland | |
| 1934–1949 | — | Commission of Government | Governor-in-Council | |
| 1949–present* | Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly | — | Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland and Labrador | General Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador |
* Labrador was added to the name of the province in 2001. Before then, the bodies were the Newfoundland House of Assembly, Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland, and General Assembly of Newfoundland.
| Period | Lower house | Upper house | Viceroy | Parliament |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1670–1821 | — | — | Governor of Rupert's Land | — |
| 1821–1839 | Governor of Rupert's Land Northern Department | |||
| 1839–1870 | Governor-in-Chief of Rupert's Land | |||
| 1870–1876 | Temporary North-West Council | Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba and the North-West Territories | Governor-in-Council | |
| 1876–1888 | 1st Council of the Northwest Territories | Lieutenant governor of the North-West Territories | ||
| 1888–1905 | North-West Legislative Assembly | — | ||
| 1905–1951 | — | 2nd Council of the Northwest Territories | Governor General of Canada as represented by the Commissioner of the Northwest Territories | Commissioner-in-Council |
| 1951–2014 | Legislative Council of the Northwest Territories | — | ||
| 2014–present | Northwest Territories Legislative Assembly | Legislature of the Northwest Territories |
| Period | Lower house | Upper house | Viceroy | Parliament |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1603–1713 | — | — | Governor of Acadia | — |
| 1713–1720 | Governor of Nova Scotia and Placentia | |||
| 1720–1758 | Nova Scotia Council | Governor-in-Council | ||
| 1758–1786 | Nova Scotia House of Assembly | Governor of Nova Scotia | General Assembly of Nova Scotia | |
| 1786-1838 | Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia | |||
| 1838–1928 | Legislative Council of Nova Scotia | |||
| 1928–present | — |
| Period | Lower house | Upper house | Viceroy | Parliament |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1670–1999 | Part of Northwest Territories and its preceding territories. | |||
| 1999–present | Legislative Assembly of Nunavut | — | Governor General of Canada as represented by the Commissioner of Nunavut | Legislature of Nunavut |
| Period | Lower house | Upper house | Viceroy | Parliament |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1627–1791 | Part of the Province of Quebec. | |||
| 1791–1841 | Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada | Legislative Council of Upper Canada | Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada | Parliament of Upper Canada |
| 1841–1867 | Part of the Province of Canada colony. | |||
| 1867–present | Legislative Assembly of Ontario | — | Lieutenant Governor of Ontario | Parliament of Ontario |
| Period | Lower house | Upper house | Viceroy | Parliament |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1763–1769 | Part of Nova Scotia. | |||
| 1769–1786 | House of Assembly of Prince Edward Island | Legislative Council of Prince Edward Island[20] | Governor of St. John's Island | General Assembly of Prince Edward Island |
| 1786-1893* | Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island | |||
| 1893–present | Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island | — | ||
* The territory's name was changed from St. John's Island to Prince Edward Island in 1798. Before then, the bodies were the House of Assembly of the Island of St. John, Legislative Council of the Island of St. John, Lieutenant Governor of the Island of St. John, and General Assembly of the Island of St. John.
| Period | Lower house | Upper house | Viceroy | Parliament |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1627–1763 | — | — | Governor of New France | — |
| 1763–1791 | Council for the Affairs of the Province of Quebec | Governor of the Province of Quebec | Governor-in-Council | |
| 1791–1838 | Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada | Legislative Council of Lower Canada | Lieutenant Governor of Lower Canada | Parliament of Lower Canada |
| 1838–1841 | — | Special Council of Lower Canada | Governor-in-Council | |
| 1841–1867 | Part of the Province of Canada colony. | |||
| 1867–1968 | Legislative Assembly of Quebec | Legislative Council of Quebec | Lieutenant Governor of Quebec | Parliament of Quebec |
| 1968–present | National Assembly of Quebec | — | ||
| Period | Lower house | Upper house | Viceroy | Parliament |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1670–1905 | Part of the Northwest Territories and preceding territories. | |||
| 1905–present | Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan | — | Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan | Legislature of Saskatchewan |
| Period | Lower house | Upper house | Viceroy | Parliament |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ????–1898 | Part of the Northwest Territories and preceding territories. | |||
| 1898–1909 | — | Yukon Territorial Council | Governor General of Canada as represented by the Commissioner of Yukon | Commissioner-in-Council |
| 1909–1978 | Yukon Territorial Council | — | ||
| 1978–2002 | Yukon Legislative Assembly | |||
| 2002–present | Legislature of Yukon | |||
Past assemblies of former territories and colonies
edit| Period | Lower house | Upper house | Viceroy | Parliament |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1858–1866 | — | Colonial Assembly of British Columbia | Governor of the Colony of British Columbia | Governor-in-Council |
| 1866–present | Part of British Columbia. | |||
| Period | Lower house | Upper house | Viceroy | Parliament |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1784–1820 | — | Cape Breton Council | Lieutenant Governor of Cape Breton | Governor-in-Council |
| 1820–present | Part of Nova Scotia. | |||
| Period | Lower house | Upper house | Viceroy | Parliament |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1670–1876 | Part of Rupert's Land (now Northwest Territories). | |||
| 1876–1877 | — | Council of Keewatin | Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba and Keewatin | Governor-in-Council |
| 1877–1905 | — | — | ||
| 1905–1999 | Part of Northwest Territories. | |||
| 1999–present | Part of Nunavut. | |||
| Period | Lower house | Upper house | Viceroy | Parliament |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1627–1791 | Part of the Province of Quebec colony. | |||
| 1791–1841 | Split into Lower Canada (now Quebec) and Upper Canada (now Ontario). | |||
| 1841–1867 | Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada | Legislative Council of the Province of Canada | Governor General of the Province of Canada | Parliament of the Province of Canada |
| 1867–1968 | Split into Ontario and Quebec. | |||
| Period | Lower house | Upper house | Viceroy | Parliament |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1849–1855 | — | Legislative Council of Vancouver Island | Governor of Vancouver Island | Governor-in-Council |
| 1855–1866 | House of Assembly of Vancouver Island | Legislature of Vancouver Island | ||
| 1866–present | Part of British Columbia. | |||
Notes
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k In French: Assemblée législative.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m In French: Premier ministre (masculine) or Première ministre (feminine).
- ^ In French: Assemblée nationale.
- ^ 10 other official names: Assemblée législative des Territoires du Nord-Ouest (French), Beba Ɂełígíth Ɂeła Déłtth’ı Kų́é (Chipewyan), ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᖅᑎᑦ (Inuktitut), K'áowe gogha ełek'éterewe ke łénakedé (North Slavey), Gogha Sombaa Nálée (South Slavey), Ek’ètehtsodǫ Łegehdı̀ Kǫ̀ (Tlicho), Ihumiurviat Malirutaliatigun (Inuinnaqtun), Dagwidįį'è' Tr'igwahtsii Geenjit Nadhat Kat" (Gwichʼin), Legislative Assemblitkut (Inuvialuktun).
- ^ In Inuktut: ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎ.
- ^ Literal translation: "Déline Highest Leaders Group".
- ^ Literal translation: "Highest Honest Leader".
- ^ In Haida: X̱aaydaG̱a Waadlux̱an Naay.
- ^ Confidence and supply agreement
References
edit- ^ "Legislative Assembly of Alberta". www.assembly.ab.ca. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
- ^ "WELCOME to the LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY of BRITISH COLUMBIA". www.leg.bc.ca. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
- ^ "The Legislative Assembly of Manitoba". www.gov.mb.ca. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
- ^ "New Brunswick's Legislative Assembly Donald Desserud; Stewart Hyson – Canadian Parliamentary Review- La Revue parlementaire canadienne". 5 May 2012. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
- ^ "House of Assembly - Newfoundland and Labrador". www.assembly.nl.ca. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
- ^ "Nova Scotia Legislature". Nova Scotia Legislature. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
- ^ "Home page". Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
- ^ "Home | Legislative Assembly". www.assembly.pe.ca. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
- ^ "Home - National Assembly of Québec". www.assnat.qc.ca. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
- ^ "Home - National Assembly of Québec". www.assnat.qc.ca. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
- ^ "Home | Legislative Assembly of The Northwest Territories". www.ntassembly.ca. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
- ^ "Nunavut Legislative Assembly". assembly.nu.ca. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
- ^ "Yukon Legislative Assembly | Yukon Legislative Assembly". yukonassembly.ca. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
- ^ "Déline Final Self-Government Agreement". 2015-05-27. Retrieved 2024-11-14.
- ^ "Council of the Haida Nation". 2017-03-29. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
- ^ "Executive | Nisga'a Lisims Government". www.nisgaanation.ca. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
- ^ "Home". Nunatsiavut Government. Retrieved 2022-06-03.
- ^ https://www.tlaaminnation.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Tlaamin-Constitution-April-5-2016-consolidation.pdf
- ^ "Assembly". Tłı̨chǫ Government. Retrieved 2023-10-04.
- ^ The Legislative Council was an elected body from 1862 to 1893. "Elections PEI: Provincial Electoral Reform". Government of Prince Edward Island. Retrieved 2008-10-18.