Intutho
Intutho noma ezokuthutha, kuwukuhanjiswa okuhlosiwe kwabantu, izilwane, kanye nezingudla ukusuka kwenye indawo kuya kwenye.
Ingqalasizinda yezokuthutha iqukethe kokubili izakhiwo ezingenakususwa, ezihlanganisa imigwaqo, imigudu esemoyeni, ujantshi, imigudu esemanzini, imisele, nemigudu yamathumbu, kanye nezikhumulo ezifana nezikhumulo zezindiza, izikhumulo zezitimela, izikhumulo zamabhasi, imitapo, izikhumulo zamaloli, izikhumulo zokuthela isivuthisi, kanye nezikhumulo zolwandle. Izikhumulo zingasetshenziselwa kokubili ukunanisela abagibeli nomthwalo kanye nokunakekela izithuthi.
Izindlela zokuthutha yinoma yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto zokuthutha ezisetshenziselwa ukuthwala abantu noma imithwalo. Zingase zihlanganise izithuthi, izilwane ezigitshelwayo, kanye nezilwane ezithwalayo. Izithuthi zingase zihlanganisa izinqola, izimoto, amasondombili, amabhasi, izitimela, amaloli, izindiza ezinophephela emhlane, izindiza zamanzi, imikhumbi-mkhathi nezindiza.
Umlando
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]Ngo-1903 izelamani zakwaWright zabonisa indiza yokuqala elawulekayo ephumelelayo, futhi ngemva kweMpi Yezwe I (1914-1918) indiza yaba indlela esheshayo yokuthutha abantu nokuhambisa izimpahla emabangeni amade.[1]
Ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II (1939-1945) izimoto nezindiza zathatha amasheya aphezulu ezokuthutha, zehlisa ujantshi namanzi kwaba yimpahla kanye nezinsiza zabagibeli abahamba isikhashana.
Imithombo
[hlela | Hlela umthombo]- ↑
Watts, Martin (1999). Working Oxen. Shire Album. 342. Princes Risborough, Buckinghamshire: Osprey Publishing. p. 4. ISBN 9780747804154. Kulandwe ngomhlaka 2016-02-08.
[...] tamed aurochs became the first domestic oxen. The earliest evidence for domestication is found in the Middle East around ten thousand years ago.
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