User:PKM/Textiles

Consensus

See Project chat archive supporting this structure.

[Subsequently decided not to make separate entries for fiber (yarn) and fiber (cloth) since neither AAT, Fairchild's Dictionary of Textiles (Q28888841), nor Wiktionary seem to make this distinction. It saves a lot of work. Will add where Wikipedias require.]

Sample

• wool (Q42329): natural fibre from the soft hair of sheep or other mammals <subclass of> animal fiber, <subclass of> fiber (Q3071311)
• wool (Q11547758): textile spun, plied, knitted or woven from wool fiber, generally from sheep <subclass of> textile (cite AAT) <material used> wool (Q42329)

Sort fiber, textile, yarn, cloth/fabric. thread, woven fabric, etc.

• Fix high level hierarchy
  • fiber (Q161): natural or synthetic substance that is significantly longer than it is wide
  • textile (Q28823): various fiber-based materials = AAT "textile materials"
  • yarn (Q49007): long continuous length of interlocked fibers
  • thread (Q1391831): continuous strand formed of filament fiber or spun, twisted, and plied short fibers, used for sewing and needlework
  • suiting (Q12322209): any of various fabrics, often of worsted or wool-blends, that have body and respond well to traditional tailoring techiques
    • NL "doek" =/= cloth, it's a subclass of woven fabric made from cotton - move it somewhere? (= English "duck") merged with Cotton duck (Q1259027)
  • cloth (Q5849500): any textile that is woven, felted, knit, pounded, or otherwise made into a flat piece
• Resolve known duplicates
• Add AAT IDs & hierarchy
• Add other references (e.g. Fairchild's Dictionary of Textiles (Q28888841)) as needed at this level
• Add protein fiber (= natural animal fiber or regenerated fibers of protein)
  • Protein fibre (Q47507412): natural or regenerated fibre composed of protein
  • cellulose fiber (Q189109): natural or regenerated fibers containing cellulose
• Deal with filament vs. staple
  • staple (Q17131072): textile fibers of similar short length which must be spun together to form yarn
  • filament (Q49324053): textile fiber, silk or manufactured, of extreme continuous length
  • + noil (Q1727258): short textile fiber removed during the combing process in the production of worsted wool, combed cotton, or spun silk

Make Textile Fibre a metaclass

• Done
• Check all fibers below and mark with +

Weaving

Add:

• hand weaving (Q47481513): process of weaving on a loom or other device operated by hand- or foot-power
• handloom (Q47481343): loom or similar device for weaving operated by hand- or foot-power
• backstrap loom (Q48493570): simple loom in which the weaver's body weight provides the tension on the warp threads by means of a belt around the weaver's back
• drawloom (Q16665874): hand loom for weaving figured fabrics
• tablet weaving (Q910914): weaving technique
• bandloom (Q10425938): loom for handweaving narrow bands, tapes or ribbons

Make separate items for fiber and textile (yarn/fabric)

Natural fibers

Animal fibers

• Wool
  • Separated
    • + wool (Q42329): natural fibre from the soft hair of sheep or other mammals
    • wool (Q11547758): textile spun, plied, knitted or woven from wool fiber, generally from sheep
    • } wool fabric (Q11917845): fabric woven of woollen or worsted yarn, alone or in blends
  • Subclasses fixed
  • Other links (material used, etc.) fixed
    • worsted (Q572813): yarn spun with average to hard twist from long combed and carded fibers, traditionally of wool
    • woolen (Q1751888): textile made of soft carded wool
  • + merino (Q47006402): natural animal fiber, from the soft wool of merino sheep, merino (Q29530715): textile made of the fine, soft, light wool from merino sheep (separated, linked, referenced)
  • + mohair (Q179628): natural animal fiber made from the long, lustrous hair of the Angora goat (no textile)
  • + alpaca fiber (Q2839384): natural fiber from the hair of the alpaca
  • + cashmere (Q333631): fibre obtained from Cashmere goats and other types of goat (no textile)
  • + angora wool (Q542460): fur of the angora rabbit, used as a textile fiber
    • + cashgora (Q11774812): animal fiber from a cross between cashmere and angora goats
  • + vicuña wool (Q21064966): natural animal fiber from the South American vicuña (no textile)
  • + karakul wool (Q28563930): wool of the karakul sheep (no textile, use = rug-making per Fairchild)
  • + shoddy (Q24708286): medium-staple wool fiber made from reclaimed or recycled soft wool textiles or textile scraps textile item in addition to fiber?
  • + mungo (Q24639799): short-staple fiber made from reclaimed or recycled wool textiles or textile scraps textile item in addition to fiber?
  • fleece (Q49319706): wool sheared from an individual sheep or long-haired goat, especially when removed in a single piece
  • staple (Q829134): naturally formed cluster or lock of wool fibres
  • Camel hair
    • + camel hair (Q1631228): natural animal fiber, soft wool of the camel
    • camel hair (Q47008525): luxury textile made of camel's wool

• Silk
  • Separated
    • +silk (Q37681): fine, lustrous, natural fiber produced by the larvae of various silk moths, especially the species Bombyx mori
    • silk product (Q10475001): textile spun, plied, knitted or woven from silk fiber
    • silk fabric (Q12019351): woven cloth of silk fiber
  • Subclasses fixed
  • + wild silk (Q3268699): coarse, strong silk fibre from various species of Asian moth silkworms
    • + tussar silk (Q7856821): coarse wild silk from the silkworms of moths of the genus Antheraea
    • + Atlas silk (Q1391955): wild silk fibre from the cocoons of the Atlas moth (Attacus atlas)
    • + eri silk (Q5385913): strong wild silk from the cocoons of Samia cynthia ricini
    • + muga silk (Q22304608): variety of wild silk from the cocoons of Antheraea Assama
  • + pat silk (Q22337785): silk from the cocoons of domesticated Bombyx mori from Assam, India
  • + Other links (material used, etc.) fixed
• >> To do: silk waste, spun silk
  • + silk waste (Q7515232): short lengths of silk, as from broken cocoons, which are spun like staple fibers
  • bourette (Q476147): yarn spun from silk waste too short to produce schappe
• spider silk (Q2740926): filament material produced by spiders
  • Separated
  • Subclasses fixed
  • Other links (material used, etc.) fixed
• Seasilk
  • Separated
    • + byssus (Q780486): fine, rare fiber secreted by mollusks of the Pinnidae family
    • sea silk (Q3243230): Fabric produced using silk-like clam secretions
  • Subclasses fixed
  • Other links (material used, etc.) fixed

Plant/Vegetable fibers

plant fiber (Q20026824): fiber from fiber plants and fiber plant (Q1147096): plant grown for fiber

• Cotton
  • Separated
    • +cotton (Q11457): plant fiber from the genus Gossypium
    • cotton fabric (Q11607438): woven fabric made of cotton or cotton-blends
    • cotton fabric (Q8231603): woven fabric made of cotton or cotton-blends
  • Subclasses fixed
    • + linters (Q10562921): short cotton fibers that remain attached to the seed after the first ginning
    • + zirconia fiber (Q10860914)
  • Other links (material used, etc.) fixed >>pick up after Tarlatan
• + bast fibre (Q1269339): fibre obtained from the phloem tissues of many plants, used for textiles, rope, and paper
  • + elementary fiber (Q11878054): individual filament of a bast fiber
  • Linen
    • Separated
      • + flax (Q47089651): soft, flexible fiber derived from the bast of the flax plant (Linum usitatissimum)
      • linen (Q1426327): textile made from spun flax fiber
    • Subclasses fixed
    • Other links (material used, etc.) fixed
  • Hemp
    • + hemp fiber (Q20026781): fiber derived from Cannabis sativa [both AAT & Fairchild's have entries for fiber but not textile, following until we need both]
  • + ramie (Q2130134)
  • + nettle fiber (Q48371359)
  • Milkweed
    • + milkweed floss (Q420486): fiber derived from various species of milkweed
    • + milkweed fiber (Q26868954): bast fiber from the milkweed plant (Asclepias syriaca and Asclepias incarnata)
  • + jute (Q107211): bast fiber from the genus Corchorus
    • hessian (Q911285): woven fabric from jute or sisal
• Palm fiber
  • • Separated
      • + palm fibre (Q384711): fiber obtained from the palm plant
    • Subclasses fixed
    • Other links (material used, etc.) fixed
• Raffia
  • + raffia (Q14251138): fiber produced from the leaves of the raffia palm
• Esparto
  • esparto (Q928533): fiber produced from perennial grasses of north Africa and southern Europe (cordage, not textile fiber?)
• Coir
  • coir (Q1029620): vegetable fiber from coconuts (not textile fiber?)
  • + elancrin (Q1324880): coconut fiber used as padding
• Manilla hemp (abaca)
  • Manila hemp (Q1814695): plant fiber derived from Musa textilis (not textile fiber?)
• Bamboo
  • bamboo textile (Q606818): textile made from fibres of the bamboo plant, mostly in the form of viscose
  • + bamboo rayon (Q49710094): regenerated cellulose fiber from crushed bamboo research is bamboo silk regenerated or actual plant fiber? Yes!
  • + bamboo silk (Q50045984): textile fiber produced from bast fibers of the bamboo plant
• + sisal (Q847423): vegetable fiber from the leaves of Agave sisalana
• fique (Q5451200): plant fiber from the leaves of Furcraea andina

Mineral fibers

• + asbestos fiber (Q12016514): textile fiber made from asbestos

Synthetic/manufactured fibers

• regenerated cellulose (Q1671259): material formed as either fibers or films by chemically processing cellulose
• + BioSteel (Q3487500): trademark name for a high-strength artificial spider silk-like fiber
• viscose (Q49701713): chemical compound used to produce cellophane and rayon
  • regenerated cellulose fibre (Q47507519): textile fiber chemically processed from cellulose
    • + rayon (Q910194): cellulose-based synthetic fiber
      • + cuprammonium rayon (Q225846): regenerated fibre from cellulose dissolved in cuprammonium solution
      • + viscose (Q182045): rayon produced using a cellulose xanthate solution
      • Bemberg (Q49693848): trademark for a type of cuprammonium rayon textile
    • + lyocell (Q899347): regenerated cellulose fiber made from dissolving pulp
  • azlon (Q4832774): manufactured textile fiber derived from natural protein sources
  • seaweed-origin fibre (Q50097027): fibre derived directly or indirectly from seaweed
    • + seaweed fiber (Q10775993): regenerated cellulose fiber produced from alginates derived from brown seaweed
• + microfiber (Q920873): synthetic fiber finer than one denier or decitex/thread, having a diameter of less than ten micrometres
• + nanofibers (Q594196): natural or synthetic fibers with diameters in the nanometer range
• + hollow fiber (Q1624043): manufactured fiber constructed with internal voids
• + bicomponent fibre (Q8241980): synthetic fiber composed of two physically or chemically different polymers extruded through a single spinneret
• + hybrid fiber (Q12021074): fiber made from more than one type of polymer
• ceramic fiber (Q1739168): inorganic synthetic fiber
  • + corundum fiber (Q12030245): ceramic fiber
  • + zirconia fiber (Q10860914): ceramic fiber used primarily in insulation
• + spandex (Q330262): elastic synthetic fiber
  • + Dorlastan (Q11822479): trademark for a brand of elastic fiber made by Asahi Kasai
  • + Lycra (Q1920627): registered trademark of DuPont for a spandex filament yarn
• + piezoelectric fiber (Q12045292): synthetic fiber that can create electricity under stress

Polymer fibers

• Polyester
  • polyester (Q188245): category of polymers
  • + polyester fibre (Q49704703): synthetic fibre made from long-chain polymers
  • polyester (Q49703674): textile spun, knitted, or woven from polyester fibre
• + olefin fiber (Q4118667)
  • + polyethylene fiber (Q11871109)

• + polyamide (Q145273): macromolecule with repeating units linked by amide bonds
• + nylon (Q177941): family of synthetic polymers originally developed as textile fibers
  • + nylon 6 (Q109454): nylon polymer and synthetic fibre
  • + nylon 66 (Q7071155): nylon polymer and synthetic fibre
• + fiberfill (Q14435227): manufactured fiber used for resilient stuffing
• + vinyl fiber (Q11903389): any of various fibers made of polyvinyl polymers
• + vinyon (Q7932958): synthetic fiber made from polyvinyl chloride
• + novoloid fiber (Q12041133): synthetic fiber made of novalac (phenol-formaldehyde polymer)
• + acrylic fiber (Q2259977): synthetic polymer fiber
  • + Orlon (Q10341573): brand of acrylic fiber developed by DuPont
• + aramid (Q422054): heat-resistant and strong aromatic polyamide
• + aramid fiber (Q10854795): synthetic fiber permanent duplicated item
  • + Twaron (Q4115062): trademark of Teijin Aramid for high-strength para-aramid fiber
• polypropylene fiber (Q12046280): synthetic fiber

Other things to sort

• blend (Q12055133): textile containing two or more types of fiber
• mixed fibres (Q47463254): textile fibre made of two or more consituent fibres which are blended prior to spinning
• technical textile (Q675342): textile product valued for its functional characteristics
• lint (Q10815621): common name of visible accumulations of textile fibers and other materials
• tow (Q1143410): coarse, broken fibers, removed during processing of bast fibers, used as padding, ropemaking, or to make short-staple yarns needs work
• melamine fiber (Q12036344): heat- and flame-resistant synthetic fiber made from melamine-formaldehyde resin
• mullite fiber (Q12038936): ceramic fiber

Items & Properties

Textile fibers

• All textile fibers should be <instances of> the metaclass fiber (Q3071311): natural or synthetic substance that is significantly longer than it is wide
• Types of fiber should be <subclass of> natural fiber (Q1192049) or synthetic fiber (Q5856), or one (or more) of their subclasses

Title	ID	Data type	Description	Examples	Inverse
instance of	P31	Item	instance of: that class of which this subject is a particular example and member; different from P279 (subclass of); for example: K2 is an instance of mountain; volcano is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)	wool <instance of> fiber	-
subclass of	P279	Item	subclass of: this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; all instances of this item are instances of that item; different from P31 (instance of), e.g.: volcano is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain	wool <subclass of> animal fiber	-
subclass of	P279	Item	subclass of: this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; all instances of this item are instances of that item; different from P31 (instance of), e.g.: volcano is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain	wool <subclass of> Protein fibre	-
described by source	P1343	Item	source of information: work where this item is described	wool <described by source> Fairchild's Dictionary of Textiles	-
natural product of taxon	P1582	Item	secretion or excretion and natural product: links a natural product with its source (animal, plant, fungal, algal, etc.)	byssus <natural product of taxon> Pinnidae	this taxon is source of
fabrication method	P2079	Item	manufacturing process, production, process and building method: method, process or technique used to grow, cook, weave, build, assemble, manufacture the item	silk <fabrication method> sericulture	-
has use	P366	Item	use: main use of the subject (includes current and former usage)	byssus <has use> sea silk	-
Europeana Fashion Vocabulary ID	P3832	External identifier	identifier for clothing and fashion terms	wool <Europeana Fashion Vocabulary ID> 10351	-
Art & Architecture Thesaurus ID	P1014	External identifier	Art & Architecture Thesaurus: identifier in the Art & Architecture Thesaurus by the Getty Research Institute	wool <Art & Architecture Thesaurus ID> 300243430	-

Fabric or cloth

• Knitted, felted, or woven materials should be <subclass of> cloth (Q5849500) or one (or more) of its many subclasses. There are classes by material used (wool fabric) and by construction (woven fabric, twill).
• Distinguish between classes of fabrics based on their weaves (e.g. satin (Q14298)) and the weaves themselves (techniques or methods of production e.g. satin weave (Q52544727)).

Title	ID	Data type	Description	Examples	Inverse
subclass of	P279	Item	subclass of: this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; all instances of this item are instances of that item; different from P31 (instance of), e.g.: volcano is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain	shantung <subclass of> silk fabric	-
made from material	P186	Item	material: material the subject is made of or derived from (in the case of cloth, one or more textile fibers or yarns)	shantung <made from material> tussar silk	-
nature of statement	P5102	Item	(qualifier only) Use with values often, originally (traditionally), rarely when sources use these comments	taffeta <made from material> silk <nature of statement> originally	-
applies to part	P518	Item	part, aspect, or form of the item to which the claim applies	brilliantine <made from material> silk <applies to part> warp	-
named after	P138	Item	eponym, memorial society and namesakes: entity or event that inspired the subject's name, or namesake (in at least one language). Qualifier "applies to name" (P5168) can be used to indicate which one	duffle <named after> Duffel	-
fabrication method	P2079	Item	manufacturing process, production, process and building method: For fabrics, can include weave(s) used and finishing process(es)	shantung <fabrication method> plain weave	-
has use	P366	Item	use: main use of the subject (includes current and former usage)	chambray <has use> shirt	-
Europeana Fashion Vocabulary ID	P3832	External identifier	identifier for clothing and fashion terms	taffeta <Europeana Fashion Vocabulary ID> 10372	-
Art & Architecture Thesaurus ID	P1014	External identifier	Art & Architecture Thesaurus: identifier in the Art & Architecture Thesaurus by the Getty Research Institute	taffeta <Art & Architecture Thesaurus ID> 300249434	-