ART

APPRECIAT
ION
ANGEL ANDAL-CASTILLO
Part-time Instructor
ASSUMPTIONS
AND
NATURE OF
What is Art?
-Art is something that is perennially around us.
-Some people may deny having to do with arts but it is
indisputable that life presents us with many forms of and
opportunities for communion with the arts.
-The word ART comes from the ancient Latin, ars which
means a “craft or specialized form of skill, like carpentry or
smithying or surgery” (Collingwood,
1938).
-Ars in Medieval Latin came to mean something different. It
meant “any special form of book- learning, such as grammar
or logic, magic or astrology”
(Collingwood, 1983).
-The fine arts would come to mean “not delicate or highly
skilled arts, but“beautiful arts” (Collingwood, 1983).
-“The humanities constitute one of the oldest and most
important means of expression developed by man”
(Dudley et al., 1960).
-Human history has witnessed how man evolved not just
physically but also culturally, from cave painters to men of
exquisite paintbrush users of the present.
 
What is art history?
-Art history is the study of objects of art considered
within their time period. Art historians analyze visual
arts’ meaning (painting, sculpture, architecture) at the
time they were created.
Also another of art history’s mission is to establishes
authorial origins of artwork, i.e. discovering who
created a particular artwork, when and for what reason.
 
What is art
appreciation?
● The term art appreciation is referred to the knowledge of the general
and everlasting qualities that classify all great art.
● It refers to analyzing the form of an artwork to general audiences to
enhance their enjoyment of such work of arts.
● It can be subjective depending on personal preference to aesthetics
and form, or it can be based on several elements and principle of
design and also depends on social and cultural acceptance.
Why do people create works of art?

-“Art washes away from the soul the dust of everyday life,” said the
famous Spanish painter Pablo Picasso.
-Making our surroundings beautiful.
-Creating records of a specific time, place, person or object is also a
major motivation for art.
-Expressing and communicating ideas also moves the creation of
art, including expressing religious beliefs, artwork for criticizing
elements of society, for educating people, even for showing that
we are capable of doing something no one else has tried before.
Assumptions
of
Art
Art Is Universal
-Timeless, spanning generations and continents through and through.
-Misconception: Artistic made long time ago.
-Age is not a factor in determining art.
-Literature has provided key words of art.
-lliad and the Odyssey are the two Greek Epics that one’s being
taught in school.
-The Sanskrit pieces Mahabharata and Ramanaya are also staples in
this fields.
-In every country and in every generation,
there is always art. Often times, people
feel that what is considered artistic are
only those which have been made long
time ago. This is a misconception. Age
is not a factor in determining art. “An
art is not good because it is old, but old
because it is good” (Dudley et al., 1960)
-In the Philippines, the works of Jose Rizal
and Francisco Balagtas are not being
read because they are old.
-Florante at Laura never fails to teach high
school students the beauty of love, one
that is universal and pure.
-Ibong Adarna, another Filipino masterpiece, has
always captured the imagination of the young with its
timeless lessons.
-When we recite the Psalms, we feel in communion
with King David as we feel one with him in his
conversation with God.
-When we listen to a Kundiman or perform folk
dances, we still enjoy the way our Filipino ancestors
while away their time in the past.
 
Art Is Not Nature
-Art, not directed by representation of reality, is a perception of reality.
-In the Philippines, it is not entirely novel to hear some consumers of
local movies remark that these movies produced locally are unrealistic.
They contend that local movies work around certain formula to the
detriment of substance and faithfulness to reality of movies.
-Paul Cezanne, a french painted a scene from reality entitled Well and
Grinding Wheel in the Forest of the Chateau Noir.

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Art
Involves
Experienc
e
-It does not full detail but just an experience. Actual
doing of something.
-Getting this far without a satisfactory definition of art
can be quite weird for some.
For most people, art does not require a full definition.
Art is just experience. By experience, we mean the
“actual doing of something” (Dudley et al., 1960) and
it also affirmed that art depends on experience, and if
one is to know art, he must know it not as fact or
information but as an experience.
-A work of an art then cannot be abstracted from
actual doing. In order to know what an artwork,
we have to sense it, see and hear it.
-An important aspect of experiencing art is its
being highly personal, individual, and
subjective. In philosophical terms, perception of
art is always a value judgment. It depends on
who the perceive is, his tastes, his biases, and
what he has inside.
 
FUNCTIONS
OF
ART
Functions of art is an inquiry on what art is for.
When it comes to functions, different art form
come with distinctive functions, some may be
functional more than others. The value of the art
lies in the practical benefits from it. One may look
at the value based on its specific purpose or for
personal.
Personal Functions of Art
-Personal functions of art is highly
subjective and depends on the artist
who created the art. An art may be
created for expressing self, for
entertainment or for other purposes.
Social Functions of Art
-If an art is opposed to personal interest and for collective
interest it is considered to have a social function. Art may
convey, message such as to support, to protest, contestation
and other messages an artist intends to carry at his work.
-Political Art is a very common example of an art with a social
function.
-Art can depict social conditions such as photography of
industrialization and poverty.
-Performance art like plays serves social functions as it rouses
emotions for a common situation a society has.
Physical functions of Art
-These are artworks that are crafted in order to serve physical
purpose such as jars, plates, and jewelries.
-Architecture, jewelry-making, interior design all serves physical
functions
-Other functions of art may serve culture, history and religion. ----
Music is an artwork used for different purposes such events for
culture, historical and religious gatherings.
-Sculpture, poems, spoken poetry, movies and other form of arts
are used for its specific functions.
PHILOSOPHI
CAL
PERSPECTI
VE ON
ART
Art as an imitation
-In Plato’s The Republic, paints a picture of artists as imitators
and art is mere imitations. In his metaphysics or view of reality,
the things in this world are only copies of the original, the eternal,
and the true entities can
be found in the World of Forms.
-Art is just an imitation of imitation. A painting is just an
imitation of nature, which is also an imitation of realty in the
World of Forms.
Art as a representation
-Aristotle, agreed with Plato, however he
considered art as an aid to philosophy in
revealing the truth.
-Art represents version of reality. In
Arestotelian worldview, art serves two
particular purposes: art allows for the
experience of pleasure and art has
an ability to be instructive and teach its
audience things about life.
 
Art as a disinterested judgment
Emmanuel Kant, in his Critique of
Judgement, considered the judgement
of beauty, the cornerstone of art, as
something universal despite its
subjectivity. He recognized that
judgement of beauty is subjective.
Art as a communication of Emotion
According to Leo Tolstoy, art plays a huge role in
communication to its audience’s emotions that the
artist previously experienced.
Art communicates emotions.
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 Two types of
representing
subject
Representationa
l
Art
or
Objective Art
They are those arts which depict
(represent) objects that are
commonly recognized by most
people. They attempt to copy, even if
in a subjective manner, something
that's real. It uses “form” and is
concerned with “what” is to be
depicted in the artwork.
Examples:
A. Still life is a work of art depicting mostly inanimate
subject matter, typically commonplace objects which may
be either natural (food, flowers, plants, rocks, or shells) or
man-made (drinking glasses, books, vases, jewelry, coins,
pipes, and so on) in an artificial setting.
B. Portraiture (portrait) is a painting, photograph,
sculpture, or other artistic representation of a person, in
which the face and its expression is predominant.
C. Landscapes, Seascapes, Cityscapes
Non-representational
Art
or
Non-objective Art
They are those arts without any
reference to anything outside itself
(without representation). It is
nonobjective because it has no
recognizable objects. It is abstract in the
sense that it doesn’t represent real
objects in our world. It uses “content”
and is concerned with “how” the
artwork is depicted.
Source of Subject
Nature, history, Greek and Roman mythology,
Judeo-Christian tradition, sacred oriental texts
and other works of art.
Kinds of Subject
History - history consists if verifiable facts, legends of
unverifiable ones, although many of them are often
accepted as true because tradition held them so far.
Insofar as ancient past is concerned, it is difficult to tell
how much of what we know now is history and how
much is legend.
Still life - drawing or painting of an arrangement of
nonmoving, nonliving objects, such as fruit, flowers, or
bottles. Usually, a still life is set indoors and contains at
least one man-made object, such as a bowl or vase.
Animals - They have been represented by artists from
almost every age and place. In fact, the earliest known
paintings are representations of animals on the walls of
caves.
Figures - A figure painting is a work of fine art in any of
the painting media with the primary subject being the
human figure, whether clothed or nude. Figure painting
may also refer to the activity of creating such a work.

Landscape- a picture of natural outdoor scenery, such

as mountains, rivers, fields, or forests.
Seascape - is a photograph, painting, or other work of art
which depicts the sea, in other words an example of
marine art.
Cityscape - the visual appearance of a city or urban area; a
city landscape

Dreams and Fantasies - Dreams are usually vague and

illogical. Artists especially the surrealists have tried to
depict dreams as well as the grotesque terrors and
apprehensions that lurk in the depths of the subconscious.
Content in Art
Factual – the most rudimentary level of
meaning for it may be extracted from the
identifiable or recognizable forms in the
artwork and understanding how these
elements relate to one another.
Conventional – pertains to the acknowledged
interpretation of the artwork using motifs, sign,
and symbols and other cyphers as bases of its
meaning.
-these conventions are established through time,
strengthened by recurrent use and wide
acceptance by its viewers or audience and
scholars who study them.
Subjective – when subjectivities are consulted, a
variety of meanings may arise when a particular
work of art is read.
-these meanings stem from the viewer’s or
audience’s circumstances that come into play
when engaging with art (what we know, what we
learned, what we experienced; what values we
stand for)
THAN
K
YOU!