BP-II Assignment: Daylight Analysis

Climate Zone : Hot and Dry

Site Location : Aurangabad
Project : Central Library, J.N.E.C
Typology : Institutional
Purpose : To understand use of daylight and required standards of it.

Ar. Nikita Sahuji M.Arch Environment

609204 J.N.E.C, A’bad
Daylight Standards:
Required Illuminance
Sr.no Activity area Daylight Factor (%)  The daylight factor is defined
(in lux)
as the ratio of horizontal indoor to
      outdoor illumination by daylight
1 Stack area 200 0.9-1.9 under continuously overcast sky
2 Reading tables 300 1.9-3.75 conditions, expressed as a
percentage.
3 Common reading area 200 2-2.5
4 Digital reading 200 1.9  Illuminance is the total luminous
flux incident on a surface, per
5 Issue counter and Office 200 2.5-3.75 unit area
6 Staircase & Corridors 150 0.31
Source : BEE guide, 2010

 The WWR (window to wall ratio) is

limited to a maximum of 60% of
gross wall area and the SSR
(skylight to roof ratio) is limited to a
maximum of 5% of gross roof area
(as prescribed in Energy
Conservation Building Code
(ECBC)-2007).

Source ECBC, 2007

01
Location and Climate:
MGM Campus, N-6,CIDCO.,
Aurangabad, Maharashtra. 431003.

Latitude: 19.8799
Longitude: 75.3557

Hot and Dry Climate Zone

Campus area : 2acres

Library built up area : 1587.95sq.m

  Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
Avg. Temperature 20.9 °C 23.6 °C 27.1 °C 30.9 °C 31.5 °C 27.4 °C 24.7 °C 24 °C 24.2 °C 24.1 °C 22.8 °C 21 °C
Min. Temperature 14.5 °C 16.6 °C 19.7 °C 23.2 °C 24.4 °C 23.4 °C 22.3 °C 21.6 °C 20.9 °C 19.1 °C 17.1 °C 14.9 °C
Max. Temperature 27.6 °C 30.4 °C 34.1 °C 37.9 °C 38.5 °C 32.6 °C 28.1 °C 27.2 °C 28.1 °C 29.4 °C 28.8 °C 27.6 °C
Rainfall (mm) 3 2 5 3 10 162 195 173 144 59 15 6
Humidity(%) 45% 38% 28% 24% 34% 63% 78% 81% 80% 62% 52% 47%
Wind Direction N SW W W W WNW W W SW NE NEN WNW
WINTER SUMMER RAINY WINTER
Source: Climate Consultant Software
02
About the Building:

G+6
Parking
Building

Courtyard

Library

KEY PLAN
 Total building area: ≈7077 sq.m
Library Area : 1587.95 sq.m
 Total building floors: 2 basements & G+3
Library floors : 2 basement floors

03
Image Source: library.jnec.org
Building heights and shadows:

G+3
G+6
Parking
Building

77.56m

May, 3.30pm May, 9.30am

G+3 Courtyard

Library

G+3

Dec, 3.30pm Dec, 9.30am

 The parking building beside overshadows the library wing

most of the time.

 Due to height of parking building and location of library in

basement, no direct sunlight enters at any point of time into
library.
04
Building details:
North West South East

 The library is at two levels where lowest level is stack area, issue counter, reading tables and other
ancillary areas like newspaper room, magazine room, internet lab, etc.
 The above level is purely reading cubicles.
05
Building drawings:
Working condition pictures

13.65m

56.77m

Plan at -1.35m Plan at -3.75m Image Source: library.jnec.org

06
Illuminance readings:
Illuminance(in lux)
Sr. Point
Point Area
No Name 9.30am 12.30pm 2.30pm 4.30pm
             
1 Reading Area A1 35 37 40 42
(@-3.75m)
B1 33 36 37 41
C1 29 27 30 30
D1 26 25 28 28
E1 23 21 24 24
F1 36 34 28 31
G1 34 31 25 28
H1 38 34 28 31
I1 24 26 28 30
J1 21 21 22 24

Plan at -3.75m lvl

07
Illuminance readings:
Illuminance(in lux)
Sr. Point
No Point Area Name 9.30am 12.30pm 2.30pm 4.30pm

2 Newspaper K1 64 68 72 75
3 Admin Area L1 30 25 25 28
M1 40 34 34 32
4 Stack Area N1 24 25 26 28
(@-3.75m) O1 24 25 27 31
P1 24 25 27 30
Q1 0 0 0 0
R1 15 15 15 15
S1 17 17 17 17
T1 12 12 12 12
U1 10 10 10 10
V1 0 0 0 0
W1 38 35 34 32
X1 36 34 32 30
Y1 37 35 33 28

Plan at -3.75m lvl

08
Illuminance readings:

Plan at -1.35m lvl

Illuminance(in lux)
Sr. Point
No Point Area Name 9.30am 12.30pm 2.30pm 4.30pm
1 Reading Area A2 57 62 60 64
(@ -1.35m) B2 55 60 58 62
C2 51 55 53 57
D2 35 33 31 28
E2 54 52 50 47
F2 39 37 35 32
G2 37 35 33 30
H2 37 35 33 30
I2 35 33 31 28
J2 35 33 31 28
K2 64 68 72 75
    L2 23 25 26 28 09
Observations:
 Daylight is not meeting standard lux level at any point
of time throughout the year in the library.
 The windows used have 4mm thick plain glass with
SHGC 0.86 and 90% transmittance.
 WWR on Northwest is 0.16 and Southeast wall is 0.22
 White paint on walls and ceilings is contributing in
reflecting daylight in the spaces.
 A ribbon of 0.60m chajja is seen on both facades i.e.
NW and SE
 The placement of furniture i.e. reading table and book
racks is not efficient and enhancing the available the
light.
 Window sizes on both the facades are 2.1m by 1.5m
with sill level at 0.9m.
 The external retaining wall is inclined but cladded with
rubble stone.
 The trees in courtyard are creating a shadow on
building which is not required.

10
Suggested Solutions:

Use of Light Shelves Curtain wall on NE facade Re-locating the trees that
are blocking sunlight

Reflectants on Retaining wall

Re-arranging the furniture and light trench flooring
11
Intervention : Wall assembly and Projections
North West South East

 Curtain walls will help to get maximum direct and diffused light indoor. The glass used is 6mm clear glass with
88% of Visual Light Transmission and 0.81 SHGC.

 The sun shelves are installed which will allow more light to get reflected indoors. They are made up of Aluminium
Composite Material and have 80-85% of Reflection factor

12
Intervention : Wall assembly and Projections

Existing
structure on both
the facades

NORTH WEST SUN ANGLES SOUTH EAST SUN ANGLES

LOCATION : Mumbai, INDIA LOCATION : Mumbai, INDIA
TIME AZIMUTH ALTITUDE TAN (ALT) H.S.A COS (H.S.A) TAN (Alt)/COS (HSA) V.S.A TIME AZIMUTH ALTITUDE TAN (ALT) H.S.A COS (H.S.A) TAN (Alt)/COS (HSA) V.S.A
May May
8.00 am 83.69 48.91 1.15 6.31 0.99 1.15 49.08 8.00 am 83.69 48.91 1.15 51.31 0.63 1.83 61.40
11.00am 91.96 77.06 4.35 -1.96 1.00 4.35 77.07 11.00am 91.96 77.06 4.35 43.04 0.73 5.95 80.47
2.00pm 280 60.5 1.77 -190.00 -0.98 -1.79 -60.87 2.00pm 280 60.5 1.77 -145.00 -0.82 -2.16 -65.13
5.00pm 285 17.62 0.32 -195.00 -0.97 -0.33 -18.20 5.00pm 285 17.62 0.32 -150.00 -0.87 -0.37 -20.14
December December
8.00 am 133.5 29.61 0.57 -43.50 0.73 0.78 38.08 8.00 am 133.5 29.61 0.57 1.50 1.00 0.57 29.62
11.00am 161 44.57 0.99 -71.00 0.33 3.03 71.71 11.00am 161 44.57 0.99 -26.00 0.90 1.10 47.62
2.00pm 218 36.26 0.73 -128.00 -0.62 -1.19 -49.99 2.00pm 218 36.26 0.73 -83.00 0.12 6.02 80.57
5.00pm 255 3.9 0.07 -165.00 -0.97 -0.07 -4.04 5.00pm 255 3.9 0.07 -120.00 -0.50 -0.14 -7.76

North West Facade South East Facade

13
Intervention : Re-arranging Furniture

Existing layout of stack area Proposed layout of stack area

 It was seen that the book racks are placed inefficiently which where also
blocking the bare minimum sunlight the space received.

 Thus the book racks need to be placed parallel to the NW and SE wall.

 The height of rack shouldn’t touch ceilings for efficient distribution of

daylight.

 Also the racks can be of reflective materials like ACP.

14
Intervention : Reflectants on retaining wall
North West
 The retaining wall is slightly inclined and cladded
with rubble stone currently.
 Cladding the retaining all with reflective materials
like Aluminium composite material (ACM)or
mosaic can be installed.
 At no point of time direct sunlight is hitting the
retaining wall but still it will reflect the diffused
light in the rooms.
 The mosaic tiles reflect 60% of direct sunlight and
ACM reflects 80%
 The increase in daylight from NW side will also
increase the solar heat gain. To compensate that,
interior landscaping can be done.
 Also being in basement, the space wont heat up to
discomfort level.

15
Intervention : Re-locating the trees

 The dense trees above the retaining wall need to be shifted towards courtyard and replaced by
shrub landscaping in order to get the direct sunlight.
 For the floors above, there is a corridor and then the classrooms. The corridors will work as
transitional space to cut down heat reaching to classroom from NW

16
Daylight Analysis: Floor level-1.35m

Daylight after proposed interventions

Existing Daylight

17
Daylight Analysis:

Library Floor level-3.75m

 Existing Old
Auditorium
 Total Built up
area: 305sq.m
 Space use: Group
activities