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    1MW PV Power Project EC

    Uploaded by

    sbaqir
    This document outlines the design process for a 1 MWp solar PV power plant. It involves 8 steps: 1) fixing the plant capacity, 2) determining average daily solar radiation and equivalent sunshine hours, 3) estimating daily energy production, 4) accounting for system losses, 5) calculating energy generation after losses, 6) determining energy available at the inverter output, 7) calculating energy fed into the grid, and 8) sizing the number of solar modules and module strings. The key outcomes are a plant design using 4180 240Wp modules arranged in 190 parallel strings of 22 series-connected modules each, estimated to generate 132,666 kWh per month.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    1MW PV Power Project EC

    Uploaded by

    sbaqir
    205 views11 pages
    This document outlines the design process for a 1 MWp solar PV power plant. It involves 8 steps: 1) fixing the plant capacity, 2) determining average daily solar radiation and equivalent sunshine hours, 3) estimating daily energy production, 4) accounting for system losses, 5) calculating energy generation after losses, 6) determining energy available at the inverter output, 7) calculating energy fed into the grid, and 8) sizing the number of solar modules and module strings. The key outcomes are a plant design using 4180 240Wp modules arranged in 190 parallel strings of 22 series-connected modules each, estimated to generate 132,666 kWh per month.

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    This document outlines the design process for a 1 MWp solar PV power plant. It involves 8 steps: 1) fixing the plant capacity, 2) determining average daily solar radiation and equivalent sunshine hours, 3) estimating daily energy production, 4) accounting for system losses, 5) calculating energy generation after losses, 6) determining energy available at the inverter output, 7) calculating energy fed into the grid, and 8) sizing the number of solar modules and module strings. The key outcomes are a plant design using 4180 240Wp modules arranged in 190 parallel strings of 22 series-connected modules each, estimated to generate 132,666 kWh per month.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    205 views11 pages

    1MW PV Power Project EC

    Uploaded by

    sbaqir
    This document outlines the design process for a 1 MWp solar PV power plant. It involves 8 steps: 1) fixing the plant capacity, 2) determining average daily solar radiation and equivalent sunshine hours, 3) estimating daily energy production, 4) accounting for system losses, 5) calculating energy generation after losses, 6) determining energy available at the inverter output, 7) calculating energy fed into the grid, and 8) sizing the number of solar modules and module strings. The key outcomes are a plant design using 4180 240Wp modules arranged in 190 parallel strings of 22 series-connected modules each, estimated to generate 132,666 kWh per month.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 11
    At a glance
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    The key takeaways are the steps involved in designing a 1MWp solar PV power plant including fixing the plant capacity, determining solar radiation data, estimating energy production, accounting for losses, and calculating expected energy fed into the grid.

    The main steps involved are: 1) Fixing the plant capacity 2) Determining average daily solar radiation and equivalent sunshine hours 3) Estimating initial energy production 4) Accounting for module losses 5) Calculating energy at inverter output 6) Accounting for inverter losses 7) Calculating energy fed into the grid

    The main losses that occur are temperature losses, module soiling losses, module mismatch losses, DC cable losses, and solar radiation losses. These losses total to around 20.2% and are accounted for by reducing the initial estimated energy production.

    Design of 1 MWp solar PV power plant

    Given parameters:
    Module specification: Inverter ratings:
    Power=240Wp max. DC current=2100A DC
    Voc=37.0V MPP tracking =460-875 V DC
    Vmp.=30.6V Ac power o/p=1000000KVA
    Isc.=8.45A efficiency=95%
    Imp.=7.8A
    Step#1. fixing size or capacity of power plant

    • First step is to fix the size of power plant. Typical ratings of


    these plants are 1MWp, 2MWp, or 5MWp. The capacity of
    the plant is normally multiple of 1MWp.

    Grid

    Temp.+dust losses DC cable losses AC cable losses

    PV power plant
    inverter
    array

    inverter losses

    Arrangement of large capacity PV power plant with losses


    Step#2 average daily solar radiation& equivalent sunshine
    hours
    • It is required to get daily solar radiation data of a
    location where PV power plant is to be installed. The
    solar radiation for a given location is expressed in
    KWh/m2/day.
    • Normally in Pakistan, daily solar radiation varies
    between 4.7 to 7 KWh/m2/day.
    • In order to collect more solar radiations, solar PV
    arrays are installed as tilted facing south, rather than
    horizontal.
    • We consider
    Month the month
    Radiati Radiati ofEquival
    Jan. for
    Nocalculations.
    of Monthly
    on on on on ent days radiatio
    horizon tilted daily n on PV
    tal array sunshin array
    plane e hours
    Kwh/m2 KWh/m h Kwh/m2
    /day 2/day /month
    Jan. 4.95 5.50 5.50 31 171
    Step#2 Equivalent sunshine hours
    • For the site under consideration the average daily
    solar radiation on the plane of Pv array is 5.50
    KWh/m2/day.
    • Daily solar radiation=5.5 KWh/m2/day
    = 5.5KW× h/m2.day
    = 5.5h/day × 1KW/m2
    = Equivalent daily sunshine
    hours × STC power
    density
    • Thus in this case equivalent sunshine hours are
    5.5h/day. And monthly equivalent sunshine hour per
    day are
    • = 31× 5.5= 170.5 h/month=170.5 hours/day
    Step# 3.Estimating energy production over a given
    day
    Monthly energy production=Pv plant capacity× average sunshine
    hours× number
    of days in a month.
    = 1MWp × 5.5 hrs× 31
    = 170500000 W-h
    = 170500 Kw-h
    Step # 4 Consider losses in the system:
    • The average electricity produced in above step is 170500 KW-
    h/month. This electricity production is for ideal condition given by
    the STC where the module/cell temperature is 25c.
    • In practice, due to non-ideal conditions, several losses occur at the
    • Pv module. These are;
    • 1) module temperature loss
    • 2) module mismatch losses
    • 3) DC cable loss
    • 4) solar radiation losses
    • 5) module soiling losses due to dust
    Step# 4 System losses

    1) Temperature Losses:
    ••  Loss of power due to temperature is given by the
    temperature coefficient of power.
    • For crystalline silicon module=0.45%/
    • For thin film module= 0.2%/ to 0.3%/
    • It should be noted that the cells in the PV module are
    at 20C to 25C higher than ambient/air temperature.
    • Let for this site the ambient temperature is 35C.
    • Then T,cell=35+20=55C
    • Then %age of power loss =(55C-25C )0.45%
    • = 30×0.45%
    • = 13.5%
    System losses

    2) Module Soiling loss:


    • It is loss due to dust settlement on PV module which
    hinders the solar radiation.
    • Normally it is 1% to 2%. Let in this case it is 1.5%
    3) Module Mismatch loss:
    • Let it be 1.5%.
    4) DC cable loss:
    Let it is 1.2%
    5) Solar radiation loss:
    It should be in the range from 2% to 4%. Let it is to be
    2.5%
    Then total module
    losses=13.5+1.5+1.5+1.2+2.5=20.2%
    Step#5 energy generation potential after module
    losses
    • Energy generated after consider module losses= ideal energy
    generated without loses × (1-PV module losses)
    • =170500KWh× (1-20.2/100)
    • = 170500 Kwh (0.798)
    • = 136059 Kwh( in the month of Jan.)
    Step#6 Available energy at the output of the inverter?
    • Functions of an inverter are
    • 1) it converts DC power to AC power
    • 2) Max. power point tracking(MPPT)
    • Power loss in inverter are 1.5% to 3%. Let it be 2%.
    • The energy at the input of inverter= 136059Kwh
    • The energy at the output of the inverter=energy at the input
    of inverter
    • × (1- losses at
    inverter)
    Step#6 available energy at the output of the
    inverter
    energy at the inverter o/p=136059KWh×(1-2/100)
    =133337.8 Kwh
    Step# 7 Energy fed into the grid:
    • The loss in the AC cable is usually less than 1%. Take
    this value 0.5%
    • Energy fed into the grid=energy at the output of the
    inverter×
    • (1- AC cable loss)
    • = 133337.8KWh (1-0.5/100)
    • =132671.1 KWh
    • The energy fed by the 1MWp solar PV power plant to
    the grid is 132671.1 KW.
    Step#8 number of modules and strings

    • Number of modules in the string=Vmp of the selected


    inverter /Vmp of the selected module.
    • Since inverter Vmp tracking range is 460V-875V.
    • Let us take the average of this=667V which is the Vmp of PV
    module string.
    • No of 240Wp modules in the string =667/30.6=21.79=22
    modules per string are connected in series..
    • Total number of modules for the whole PV system=total PV
    power plant
    • capacity/ rated power of one module
    • = 1000000/240=4166.67=4167 modules
    • And one string has 22 modules.
    • No of strings connected in parallel =total no of pv modules
    in system/no of modules in a string
    • = 4167/22=189.4=190 parallel strings.
    Strings, modules and arrays for Pv system
    • Total current of strings in parallel=current of one string×
    total number of strings
    • =8.45×190=1605.5 A
    • Which is less than max. DC current of inverter
    (2100A).therefore this design is acceptable.
    Power rating of selected PV 240Wp
    Design parameters:
    module
    No of PV modules in a string 22
    No of strings in parallel 190
    Total number of modules used 22×190=4180
    in PV plant
    Total rated peak power of Pv 4180×240=1003200Wp
    power plant
    Vmp voltage of PV array 22× 30.6= 673.2V
    Imp current of Pv array 190× 7.85= 1491.5A
    Expected monthly energy 132666 KWh/month
    generation of the plant

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