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Seasons and Eclipses

Seasons on Earth are caused by the tilt of the planet's axis of rotation in relation to its orbit around the sun. This causes changes in the amount of sunlight received in different parts of the world throughout the year, resulting in variations in weather patterns and day length. The seasons are divided by solstices, which occur when the sun is at its maximum distance from the equator, and equinoxes, which occur midway between solstices when day and night are approximately equal length. Eclipses occur when one celestial body blocks the sun's rays from another, casting shadows, and can be either solar or lunar depending on whether the moon or Earth is blocking the sun.

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636 views9 pages

Seasons and Eclipses

Seasons on Earth are caused by the tilt of the planet's axis of rotation in relation to its orbit around the sun. This causes changes in the amount of sunlight received in different parts of the world throughout the year, resulting in variations in weather patterns and day length. The seasons are divided by solstices, which occur when the sun is at its maximum distance from the equator, and equinoxes, which occur midway between solstices when day and night are approximately equal length. Eclipses occur when one celestial body blocks the sun's rays from another, casting shadows, and can be either solar or lunar depending on whether the moon or Earth is blocking the sun.

Uploaded by

Alrei D Mea
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© © All Rights Reserved
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  • Seasons
  • Seasons and Eclipses
  • Eclipses

Seasons and Eclipses

Unit 4: Module 3
In meteorology, the term season refers to a
division of the year that is characterized by
changes in daylight hours and certain
weather patterns, which are due to Earth’s
changing position in reference to the sun.
The seasonal variations affect the amount of
energy received at Earth’s surface in two
ways. First, when the sun is high, solar radiation
is most concentrated. Second, the angle of
the sun’s radiation determines the number of
atmospheric layers the radiation must
penetrate.
1. Compare the times of sunrise from
January, 2011 to December, 2011. What
do you notice?
2. Compare the times of sunset during the
same period. What do you notice?
3. Compare the time of sunrise on June 22,
2011 with that on December 22, 2011. On
which day did the Sun rise earlier?
4. Compare the time of sunset on June 22,
2011 with that on December 22, 2011. On
which day did the Sun set later?
5. Compare the length of daytime
in March 22 and September 22 ?
6. When was daytime the longest?
7. When was daytime the shortest?
8. When was daytime almost equal
with the length of night?
Earth’s orbit around the sun is elliptical, thus,
there are points where Earth is nearest or
farthest from the sun. The point where Earth is
closest to the sun is called perihelion while the
point where it is farthest from the sun is called
aphelion.
Seasons are caused by the tilt of Earth.
Every June 21 or 22, Earth is in a position where
the vertical rays of the sun fall on the latitude
known as Tropic of Cancer. This date is known
as summer solstice.
A solstice is one of two times of the year when
then sun is farthest from the equator.
Every December 21 or 22, Earth is in the
position where the vertical rays of the sun fall
on the Tropic of Capricorn. This date marks
the winter solstice in the Northern Hemisphere.
The equinoxes occur midway between
solstices. The dates for autumnal equinox in
the Northern Hemisphere takes place on
September 22 or 23 while the vernal or spring
equinox takes place on March 21 or 22.
The seasons in the Southern hemisphere
are opposite from those in the Northern
hemisphere.
The Philippines has only two seasons: wet
and dry.
The amount of rainfall is the main factor
affecting the seasons in the Philippines.
An eclipse occurs when a celestial body like
Earth or the moon blocks the sun’s rays,
casting shadows on another celestial body.
A solar eclipse occurs during an new moon,
when the moon is between Earth and the sun.
A lunar eclipse occurs during a full moon,
when Earth is between the moon and the sun.
The shadows cast by Earth or the moon have
three parts: umbra, penumbra and negative
umbra.

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