METACOGNITIVE
Approach
META - comes from the root word
"meta", meaning beyond.
COGNITION - the process of
acquiring knowledge and
understanding through thought,
experience, and the senses.
Metacognition
thinking about thinking
awareness of ones own knowledge
what one does and doesnt know
ones ability to understand, control, and manipulate
ones cognitive processes
STUDENTS
the more they
can CONTROL
such matters as
goals,
dispositions, and
attention.
AWARE of their
thinking
processes
Selfawareness
Self regulation
REFLECT
CONTROL
PLAN
MONITOR
2 Processes of METACOGNITION
1. Knowledge of cognition
2. Regulation of cognition
KNOWLEDGE of COGNITION
3 components:
1.
2.
3.
knowledge of the factors that influence ones own performance
knowing different types of strategies to use for learning
Knowing what strategy to use for a specific learning situation
REGULATION of COGNITION
setting goals and planning
2. monitoring and controlling learning
3. evaluating ones own regulation
1.
METACOGNITION
Skills
1.
knowing the limits of your own memory
2.
self-monitoring your learning strategy
3.
noticing whether you comprehend something
4.
choosing to skim subheadings
5.
repeatedly rehearsing a skill
6.
periodically doing self-tests
METACOGNITIVE STRATEGIES
1.
ask questions
2.
foster self-reflection
3.
encourage self-questioning
4.
teach strategies directly
5.
promote autonomous learning
6.
provide access to mentors
7.
solve problems with a team
8.
think aloud
9.
self- explanation
10.
provide opportunities for making errors
Why teach Metacognitive Skills?
Metacognitive skills can be taught to students to improve their
learning.
Learners construct knowledge.
They gain confidence and become more independent as learners.
Students perform better on exams and complete work more
efficiently.
CONSTRUCTIVIST Approach
CONSTRUCTIVIST approach
- learning occurs as learners are actively involved in a process of
meaning and knowledge
- learners are the makers of meaning and knowledge
Constructivist Learning Theory
John Dewey
( exploration of thinking
and reflection)
Childhood Development
&
PROGRESSIVE EDUCATION
Jean Piaget
(
knowledge by experiences)
Education
ALL knowledge is constructed from
a base of prior knowledge
Characteristics of Constructivist Teaching
Primary goal-
students learn how to learn
- take initiative for their own learning experiences
1.
learners are actively involved
2.
environment is democratic
3.
activities are interactive & student-centered
4.
teacher facilitates the learning process; student are encouraged to be
responsible & autonomous
CONSTRUCTIVIST Activities
Experimentation
Research projects
Field trips
Films
Class discussions
Online learning
Teacher as a Facilitator
1.
Modeling
commonly used instructional strategy
Types:
Behavioural how to perform activties
b. Cognitive reasoning / reflection-in-action
a.
2.
COACHING
motivates learners
analyzes the performance
provides feedback; gives advice
provokes reflection and articulation of what was learned
3.
SCAFFOLDING
provides temporary frameworks
supports learning and student performance beyond their capacities
Constructivist Assessment Strategies
Oral discussions
KWLH Chart (
what we know, what we want
to know,
hat we have learned, How we
know it)
Mind mapping
Hands-on activities
Pre-testing
Thank you for listening. (,)
