Unit 2 | Olympism cna alas The Ancient Olympic Games came into existence in #¥6 BC in the city of Olympia in Greece. These games were held in honour of the Greek God ‘Zeus’. Later on, Hercules, the eon of Zeus, started these games and sporte competitions in honour of his Father. The ancient Olympic Games consisted of races of 100, 200 and 400 yards, wrestling, chariot racing, boxing, javelin throwing etc. Winners were crowned with an olive. These games were held at Olympia every four years thereafter. However, the tradition of Olympic Games was broken when the Roman banned them in 348 AD. But, People couldn't Forget these games even after many centuries. age 4. Tho competitor must only be a Greek & 4..In the opening ceremony, all the players, their brothers, physically fit. Slaves and criminals were not fathers ond trainere used to gather in the stadium, allowed. 2. The experts in sports 2 games made them take the 2. The competitors had to stay in Olympia cath that they would participate in the games as per the for one month before the beginning of the rules and that they had trained for ton months. ames. 3. After that, a pig was killed & offered to the God Zeus. Women were not allowed to participate. 4.1F any of the spectators had any objection against any 4. Only amatour sportsmen could player, the player was not ollowed to participals in the participate in these gamee, professionals competitions. were not allowed. 5. The games used to be organised for five days. In the Ancient Olympic Games, loss attention ‘was paid to awards. Only foodgrains and animale were given as a reward. After that, a ceroxn mada of olive leaves was given to the winners. 4 if Decale 4. Baron Pierre de Coubertin father of modern olympic. 2. Ho believed that various national & international problems could be solved through holding the Olympic Games, as it would give a common platform for the countries to meet. 3. For this purpose, he called a meeting of various countries in 4843. Some countries viz. Italy, Greece, Spain 2 Sueden were in Favour oP commencing these games, whereas other countries opposed the holding of these ames. . The firet modern Olympics were held in 4846 in Athens, Greece. Orly 4 countries participated in it. However, this number gradually increased over the years . 5. Women participated for the first time at the 1400 6. The games scheduled to be held in 1416, 1440 and 1444 were cancelled due to two World Wars. Apart from that, Olympic Games have been held regularly every 4 years. 4. Originally, the rule was that all males and females can participate in Olympic Games if they are ‘amateur. But, nowadays, professionals are also ollowed to participate in come sports. 2. The participants are sent by their National Olympic Committee. 3.No oports=porcon can participate in theca games without the approval ac well ac recommendation of their National Olympic Committee. @ scanned with OKEN Scannerit 2 | Olympism 4. Much before the games. actually start, the Olympic torch is lit Brough the rays of the sun in ths Olympia vilage in Greece and brought via a rlay of attest the cy where the Oympic james. are going to be hel She President or Prime Minister of the host. country declares the games open in the etadium. Before this procese, all the sportspersons take part ina march past end they take a Olympic oath. 3. Later on, recreational and cultural programmes ore organised. The Olympic flag is hoisted and the lume flame of Ue stadium ie Kndel by the torch. 4. This flame remains lit throughout the games till the closing ceremony. Cian Geena 5) 41. Sportspercons from all the countries ascemble in the etadium for the closing ceremony on the last day of the games. 2."Tho Mayor of the host city and the President of the managing committee escort the Precident of the International Olympic Committee to the stadium. 3. He declares the games closed. After that, the Olympic flag ie lowered and itis given to the Mayor af the city where the next Olmpe Games wll be eld. 4. Various cultural programmes are organised. The Olympic flame is extinguished. AE last, the games come to an end with the Olympic song. It was designed by Baron Pierre de Coubertin in 4413. The The flame eymbolises the light of «pict, knowledge and life The Olympic sme or torch is lighted in Orie yt Nympic ie it Village of Greece and is corried Olympic mascots are fictional Olympic flag i made of whito | | its ta the place where the cfowadters in animal or human form dioplays five interlocking rit Olympic Games.At the end of the that are native to the country which displays five interlocking rings | closing ceremony of the games, this hoste the Olympic event. in the center. flames extinguished. faeces = noe fnew The Olympic motto represents the Olympic ideal which is taken from the sermons of a. Dominican priest, Father Didon The Olympic motte ith, Ata Fert’ which ‘are Latin words means ‘Faster, Higher and Stronger’. The rmatto was proposed by Baron Pierre de Coubertin. Sportspercons winning the fict, eecond and third positions in the Olympic events are anarded with Gold, Siver and Bronze medals respectively. A certificate is alco given to them. The next five position holders are also given certificates. OMaeaucaeus ‘Olympic Anthem isa choral cantata by opera composer ‘Spuridon Samaras (1861-1417), with lyries by Greek 0et Kostis Palamas. The anthem was performed for the rat time for tho ceremony of opening of the first edition at the 1846 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. @ scanned with OKEN ScannerUnit 2 | Olympism lymp Values Education is based on the Olympic philosophy that learning takes place balanced development of body and mind. | The Olympi Urough the The joy of effort Fair play is the The Olympics celebrate aa for excellence ia a ropraeante the foundation of the divereity and promote core Olympic valua, satisfaction that comes Olympic spirit, mutual respect amon. inspiring athletes to from ngerg yar best, ‘emphasizing honesty, athletes, regardless of ecco ene and regardless of the integrity, 2 respect for their background or reach their highest ‘outcome. Athletes rules & opponents. nationality. potential. demonstrate true Athletes are encouraged —_Reopect for others The pursuit of excellence sportsmanship by to compete ethically, extends to coaches, goes beyond winnings it embracing the challenges ith @ strong sense of officials, and fans, encourages athletes to ‘ Pushing their limite, sportsmanship, putting creating a harmonious set personal goals and finding Fulfilment in the ¢f¥ . ng nes spirit of the game and inclusive sports surpass their own m above personal gain. environment. expectations. [on a ry ‘The Olympics recognize the importance of a halistic approach to sports and If. Atbltee era encouraged to maintain « healthy belance among phusical traning, mental preparation, and emotional well-being Tr ence The goal of the Oumic Movemant ar Olympism isto contribute to bulding a peacafl and better world by cating pu through sport practiced without discrimination of any kind and in the Olympic spirit, hich requires mutual understanding with a spit of Friendship, solidarity and fair play. Olympism in | action includes six global activities, i.e. Sport for All, Peace through Sport, Development through Sport, | Women and Sport, Education through Sport as well as Sport and Environment. | ‘The Father of the Olympice is Baron Pierre-de-coubertin who wanted to develop values through sports. He wanted to promote Friendship in the world, and respect for each other o that a congenial environment would be established between nations, ene nd are The main objective of the Olympics By the sporty emvenment In the Olympics, participants from is to prove its worth by providing a _provided by the Olympics, different: countries of all the continents congenial 2 healthy environment during the organization of take part, as it provides them an for the participants & not various games, people come opportunity to meet & interact with discourage them by an and interact with each each other. As a result, a sense of inappropriate 2 unhealthy other. The participants friendship grows in them. environment. develop respect for each Nations, whose relations are strained, Ite main aim is to maintain healthy other. The sportsperson of algo have a fine opportunity to meet competition among the one country would become Sach othr, Witch orestoe Ee pecs articipants, discourage all aware of the culture, food of friendship. The sense of friendship Darviore in the competition 2 and attire of another ‘among the players also increases the maintain the goal of attaining country. And they develop feeling of brotherhood which, in turn, success to reach the pinnacle of respect For each other's helps to curb discrimination. achievement. country. @ scanned with OKEN ScannerUnit 2 | Olympism The three main constituents of the Olympic Movement are the International Olympic Committee (IOC), the National Olympic Committees (NOCs) and the International Sports Federations (IFS). — BY Ikaratonl lyme Committe (10) isthe supreme authority of the movement inJune 1548 The headguatiot of 100 w a Switzerland, It ie the authority which organises the modern Summer & Ce a m ic Games. The |OC is the main governi 1¢ National Olympic Committees (NOC), reer sports federation, the athletes, the sponsors, the broadcast partnere and united nation agencies. Function: 4. The IOC organises the Olympics, decides about the host country and the city where Olympic Games uill be held. 2. lk ensures the smooth flow of all the events held in the Olympics. 3.10C asta the general guidelines, rules & regulation of the different sporting events. 4 It encourages fair play without any discrimination. 5.t fights against doping practices in sports. 6. It encourages youth to participate in games and sports. International Olympic Committee a < —= INDIA QRH The miasion of the National Olympic movement is to promote, protect and develop the Onesie a in their respective countries, in accordance with Olympic charter. NOC encourage the development of sports as well as sports for all while also provi of sports auliiatrator based on Che Pundementale oP elympier. ere are 206 NOCe. The IOC is the cole authority to recognise a NOC. IOA was formed in 1427 by Sir Dorabjji Tata 4a it’s fret president, D.G. Nochren as it's secretary and G.D. Sodhi as assistant secretary. It ie afPliated with IOC. The head office of 0A is in New Delhi. f The International Sports Federations are rearing Ma ea Gee serial eal isations International Ol Commrttes (i ites (OO as dng oe more sports at world level. The national Federations administering those sports are affliated to them. While conserving their indep endence and satoromy in the adeeiatzaion otha sports, International Sports Federations 10C recognition must: ensure that tote tutes, practice and activities In addition to its three main constituents, the Olympic Movement also encompasses the Organising Committees of the Olympic Games (0C0Gs),the national associations, clubs and persons belonging to the Fe and NOCe, particularly the athletes, whose interests constitute a. fundamental element of the Olympic Movement's action, as well as the Judges, referees, coaches and the other ‘sports officials and technicians. It also includes other organicatione and institutions as recognised by the IOC. @ scanned with OKEN Scanner