ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

- give information about a general noun Relative Pronouns

- two types: as subject – as object
whom i.o. people
General “Noun or Idea” who subject
that sbj. / d.o. - i.o.
1. I have a friend. (no information) which subject / d.o. things
2. We read a book. (general idea) whose poss. adj. possessions
3. The boy is sick. when then time
where there place
Introducing a “second sentence” Transformation Rules
1. I have a friend. She works at Donald. 1. Identify the “common element” in both sentences
2. We read a book. The book is about dogs. 2. Change the “common element” in the second sentence
3. The boy is sick. He travels a lot. for the corresponding Relative Pronoun.
3. Write the “Relative Pronoun” and the rest of the second
Adjective Clauses as Subject sentence next to the common element in the 1st sentnc.
who / that
1. I have a friend. She works at Donald. Adjective Clauses as Object
I have a friend who/ that works at Donald. whom / that
which / that 1. She needs a mechanic. I worked with a good one.
2. We read a book. The book is about dogs. She needs a mechanic whom / that I worked with.
We read a book which / that is about dogs. whom / that
who / that 2. A boy was operated. She helped him.
3. The boy is sick. He travels a lot. A boy whom / that she helped was operated.
The boy who / that travels a lot is sick. which / that
which / that 3. We found a book. Everybody read it.
4. A cat is lazy. It doesn’t play much. We found a book which / that everybody read.
A cat which / that doesn’t play much is lazy. whose
whose 4. He’ll talk to a man. I worked in his company.
5. She saw the boss. His company is famous. He’ll talk to a man whose company I worked in.
She saw the boss whose company is famous. where
whose 5. I visited Punata. I was born there.
6. The girl has a problem. Her mother is sick. I visited Punata where I was born.
The girl whose mother is sick has a problem. when
6. September 11 is a day. A terrorist attack happened then.
September 11 is a day when a terrorist attack happened.

IDENTIFYING ADJECTIVE CLAUSES NON-IDENTIFYING ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

Restrictive Adjective Clauses Non-Restrictive Adjective Clauses
- the Adjective Clause gives important information - Adj. Clause gives additional information (no important)
- never use commas - normally use commas – never with “that” ([Link].)
- first name, last name, nicknames
Examples: - demonstrative adjectives = this, that, these, those
- unique nouns
1. I have a friend who works at ENTEL. I – R
2. They will buy a car which is made in Japan. I – R Examples:
3. A boy whom I taught English needs help. I – R
1. We’ll talk to Pedro, who is the music teacher. NI–NR
2. This is the dog, which once bit me. NI–NR
3. My mother, whose house is big, lives in La [Link]–NR
4. That is the house (that) Jack built. NI–NR
dem. adj. Rel. Pron.
([Link].) + subj. + verb
Exercise A.- Write “Restrictive or Non-Restrictive” and add commas if necessary.
1. The man who had the handlebar mustache pressed Adam for an answer.
2. Mr. Hoffer, whose family lives in Germany, will be our guest this weekend.
3. That explanation that she had given them seemed too horrible to be true.
4. Mr. Johnson, whose son attends the University, is our friend.
5. Thomas Jefferson, who was born on the frontier, became President.
6. A person who loves to read will never be lonely.
7. My father, who was a country boy, has lived in the city for years.
8. This girl, by whom I sat in class, is an honor student.
9. Jet pilots who are not in excellent physical condition should not be allowed to fly.
10. She is a woman who is respected by everyone.
11. Edward Johnson, who has been accepted by several colleges, will go to Harvard this fall.
12. We are looking for someone who went to Harvard.
13. You are wearing the new jacket that Mother bought you for Christmas last year.
14. Mr. Hawkins, who is an antique car enthusiast, bought a 1929 Ford coupe.
15. People who are uncomfortable in crowds shouldn’t go to the movie theater.