Adjective Clauses The words used to modify the nouns in adjective clause are as

follows:
who
whose which
where that
when who(m) NOTE: Adjective Clause always follows or modifies after the actual noun.

A. Who
who is only for subject persons. that is can used for subject persons, object persons,
subject things and object things.

e.g. I thanked the woman.

She helped me. Subject person = who/that

a) I thanked the woman who helped me. b) I thanked the woman that helped me.

B. Which
which is only for subject things and object things. that is can used for subject persons,
object persons, subject things and object things.

e.g. The book is mine.

It is on the table. subject things = which/that

a) The book which is on the table is mine. b) The book that is on the table is mine.

Exercise: Combine the two sentences. Use the second sentence as an adjective
clause. 1. 1. I saw the man. He closed the door. I saw the man who/that closed
the door. 2. The girl is happy. She won the race. 3. The student is from
China. He sits next to me. 4. The students are from China. They sit in the front
row. 5. We are studying sentences. They contain adjective
clause. 6. I am using a sentence. It contains an adjective clause. 7.
Algebra problems contain letters. They stand for unknown numbers. 8. The taxi
driver was friendly. He took me to the airport.
C. Who(m)
who(m) is only for object persons. that
is can used for subject persons,
object persons, subject things and object things.

Who(m) without Preposition e.g. The man was [Link]

I saw him.
object person = who(m)/that/ Ø

a) The man who(m) b) The man that c) The man Ø

Subject
I saw was [Link]. I saw was Mr. Jones. I saw was Mr. Jones.

Who(m) with Preposition e.g. She is the woman.

I told you about her.
object person = who(m)/that/Ø

a) She is the woman about who(m) b) She is the woman who(m) c) She is the woman
that d) She is the woman
I told you. I told you about. I told you about. I told you about.

D. Which
which is only for subject things and object things. that is can used for subject
persons, object persons, subject things and object things.

Which without Preposition e.g The movie wasn't very good.

We saw it last night.
object thing = which/that

a) The movie b) The movie c) The movie

which that Ø
Subject
we saw wasn't good. we saw wasn't good. we saw wasn't good.
Which with Preposition e.g. The music was good.
We listened to it last night.
object thing = which/that/ Ø

a) The music b) The music c) The music d) The music

to which we listened last night was good. which we listened to last night was good. that
we listened to last night was good.
we listened to last night was good.
rcise (Whom Which without Preposition]: Combine the sentences, using the second
sentence as idjective clause. Give all the possible patterns. The book was good. I read
it. I liked the woman. I met her at the party last night. I liked the composition. You wrote
it. The people were very nice. We visited them yesterday. The man is standing over there. I was
telling you about him.
kercise (Whom/Which with Preposition]: Combine the sentences, using the second sentence
as an ljective clause. Give all the possible patterns.
The meeting was interesting. I went to
it.
The man was very kind. I talked to him
yesterday.
· I must thank the people. I got a present from
them.
· The picture was beautiful. She was looking at
it.
· The man is standing over there. I was
telling you about him. i. I ran into a woman. I had
gone to elementary school with her. !. The topic was
interesting. Omar talked about it. 3. The people were
friendly. I spoke to them. 7. Olga wrote on a topic. She knew
nothing about it. 10. The candidate didn't win the election. I
voted for her.
Exercise: Identify the adjective clause in each sentence. Then give the other possible
patterns. Example: The dress which she is wearing is new.
Adjective clause: which she is wearing.
Other possible patterns: The dress that/ Ø she is wearing is
new. 1. The bat is the only mammal. It can fly. 2. People may become
short-tempered and irritable. They don't get enough sleep. 3. The
cold weather damaged the fruit crop. It swept in from the north. 4. Alex
bought a cycle. It is specially designed for long-distance racing. 5. I
read about a woman. She makes old-fashion clocks for a living. 6. We
used the map. My sister drew for us. 7. The teacher is Mrs. Grange. I like
her the most. 8. The subject was interesting. We talked about it in class. 9. Did I tell
you about the woman I met last night? 10. The woman I was dancing with
stepped on my toe. 11. The report Joe is writing must be finished by Friday.
12. The doctor who examined the sick child was gentle. 13. The people I was
waiting for were late. 14. Did you hear about the earthquake that
occurred in California? 15. The hat is unusual. Tom is wearing it. 16. I
enjoyed talking with man. I sat next to him on the plane.: 17. People fear flying.
They avoid traveling by plane. 18. The people were factory workers and their
families. The novelist wrote about them 19. A barrel is a large container. It is made
of wood or metal.
20. Louis knows the woman. The woman is meeting us at the airport. 21. The
chair is an antique. Sally inherited it from her grandmother. 22. The bench
was wet. I sat on it. 23. The man finished the job in four day. I hire him
to paint my house. 24. I miss seeing the old woman. She used to sell flowers
on that street former. 25. The architect is brilliant. Mario works with him. 26.
Mary tutors students. They need extra help in geometry. 27. I took a
picture of the rainbow. It appeared in the sky after the shower.

Place = [Where) without Preposition

e.g. The building is very old.
He lives (there) in that old
building.
object place =
where

a) The building
b) The building
c) The
building d) The
building
where in
which that
he lives he
lives he lives
in he lives in
is very old. is
very old. is
very old. is
very old.
Ø

> Time = [When) without Preposition

e.g. I will never forget the
day.
I met you then (on that day).
object time =
when

a) I will never forget the day

b) I will never forget the
day c) I will never forget the
day d) I will never forget the
day
when I met you. on
which I met you. that I
met you. Ø I met
you.

Exercise Place = (Where) without Preposition: Combine the sentences, using the second
sentence as an adjective clause. 1. The city was beautiful. We spent our vacation there
(in that city). 2. That is the restaurant. I will meet you there (at that restaurant). 3. The town
is small. I grew up there (in that town) 4. That is the drawer. I keep up jewelry there
(in that drawer).
Exercise Time = [When) without Preposition: Combine the sentences,
using the second sentence as an adjective clause. 1. Monday is a day. We will
come then (on that day). 2. 7:05 is the time. My plane arrives then (at that time). 3.
July is the month. The weather is usually the hottest then (in that month).
4. 1960 is the year. The revolution took place then (in
that year).
Exercise: Combine the sentences by using either “where” or “when” to introduce an clause. 1.
That is the place. The accident occurred there.
That is the place where the accident
occurred. 2. There was a time. Movies
cost a dime then.
There was a time when movies cost a dime. 3. A cafe is a small restaurant. People
can get a light meal there. 4. Every neighborhood in Brussels has small cafes. Customers
drink coffee and eat pastries there. 5. There was a time. Dinosaurs dominated the earth
then. 6. The house was destroyed in an earthquake ten years ago. I was born and grew
up there. 7. Summer is the time of year. The weather is the hottest then. 8. The miser
hid his money in a place. It was safe from robbers there. 9. There came a time. The
miser had to spend his money then. 10. His new shirt didn't fit, so Dan took it back to the
store. He'd bought it there.
Exercise: Use where or when in an adjective
clause. Example: You were born in that city.
Response: That is the city where I was born. 1. We
have the class in that room. 2. We ate dinner at
the restaurant. 3. Ann works in that building. 4. I
was born in that year. 5. You eat lunch at that
cafeteria. 6. The monsoons arrive in that month.
7. Alex lives on that street. 8. You spent your
vacation on that island. 9. You grew up in that
town. 10. The earthquake occurred in that
country

E. Whose +
Noun
whose is to show possession usually for persons and sometimes for things. It has the same
meaning as other possessive pronouns (his, her, its, and their + Noun). whose is also
connected to a noun.

a) his bicycle'
b) her essay c)
its value
whose bicycle
whose essay
whose value
e.g. I know the man.
His bicycle was stolen. person's
possession = whose
bicycle

a) I know the man whose bicycle was

stolen.
e.g. The student writes
well.
I read her essay.
person's possession = whose
essay

b) The student whose essay I read writes well.

e.g. Mr. George has a

painting.
Its value is inestimable.
thing's possession = whose
value

c) Mr. George has a painting whose value is

inestimable.

Exercise: Combine the sentences, using the second sentence as an adjective

clause. 1. I know a man. His last name is Goose. I know a man whose last
name is Goose.

2I apologized to the woman. I spilled her coffee. 3. The man called the police. His
wallet was stolen. 4. I met the woman. Her husband is the president of the corporation. 5.
The professor is excellent. I am taking her course. 6. Mr. North teaches a class for students.
Their native language is not English. 7. The people were nice. We visited their house. 8.
I live in a dormitory. Its residents come from many countries. 9. I have to call the man. I
accidentally picked up his umbrella after the meeting. 10. The man poured a glass of water
on his face. His beard caught on fire when he lit a cigarette.

Exercise: Combine the sentences, using "whose” in an adjective

clause. 1. The man's wife had been admitted to the hospital. I
spoke to him..
I spoke to the man whose wife had been admitted to the
hospital.

2. I read about a child. Her life was saved

by her pet dog.
I read about a child whose life was saved by
her pet dog.

3. The students raised their hands. Their names were called. 4. Jack knows a man.
The man's name is William Blueheart Duckbill, Jr. 5. The woman's purse was stolen
outside the supermarket. The police came to question her. 6. The day care center
was established to take care of children. These children's parents work during
the day. 7. We couldn't find the person. His car was blocking the driveway. 8 Three
students' reports were turned in late. The professor told them he would accept the papers this
time but never
again.