BO1
Simple Present (Presente simple)
Usamos este tiempo para hablar de rutinas diarias, verdades y hechos. (routines, truths, facts)
For example:
I work from 7 to 11 a.m.
I am a student.
She is a doctor.
Donald Trump is the president of the United States.
En el presente simple tenemos 2 grupos de verbos.
Verbo TO BE (Ser o estar) y todos los demás verbos (study (estudiar), work (trabajar), clean
(limpiar) , have (tener), need (necesitar)….)
Estos dos grupos trabajan de manera diferente y no se juntan o combinan.
Verbo TO BE (Ser o estar)
Subject Pronoun (pronombre sujeto) Verb Sentences
(Oraciones)
TO BE
I (yo) am (soy o estoy) I am a student.
I am in Cusco.
You (tu) are (eres o estas) You are a doctor.
You are in Lima.
He (el) is (es o está) He is a Chef.
He is in Paris.
She (ella) is (es o está) She is a manager
She is in the office.
It (eso, esa)* Se usa para una cosa, un animal o is (es o esta) It is a window.
una idea
It is in the class.
We (nosotros) are (somos o We are students.
estamos)
We are in Basic 1.
You (ustedes) are (son o están) You are dentists.
You are in a hospital.
They (ellos/ellas) are (son o están) They are teachers.
They are in an
institute.
Iker is a student. He is 14 years old and he is Peruvian.
Es un día hermoso.
It is a beautiful day.
You are a doctor.
You are doctors.
Podemos hacer la contracción del verbo TO BE especialmente cuando hablamos o escribimos
de manera informal.
Se use el apostrophe (’)
El apostrophe representa las letras que no estamos mencionando.
I am a student./ I’m a student.
I am in Cusco. / I’m in Cusco.
You are a doctor. / You’re a doctor.
You are in Lima. / You’re in Lima.
He is a Chef. /He’s a Chef.
He is in Paris. / He’s in Paris.
She is a manager. / She’s a manager
She is in the office. / She’s in the office.
It is a window. / It’s a window.
It is in the class. / It’s in the class.
We are students. / We’re students.
We are in class 401. / We’re in class 401.
You are dentists. / You’re dentists.
You are in a hospital. / You’re in a hospital.
They are teachers. / They’re teachers.
They are in an institute./ They’re in an institute.
13/06
SIMPLE PRESENT
OTHER VERBS
Verb Need = necesitar (Regular verb = verbo regular)
Subject Verb Sentences
Pronou
n
I need I need a pencil.
You need You need a cell phone.
He needs He needs a sticky note.
She needs She needs a cabinet.
It needs It needs food.
We need We need a taxi.
You need You need a bus.
They need They need a house.
Third Person (HE, SHE; IT) = tercera persona
Verb Have = tener (Irregular verb = verbo irregular)
Subject Verb Sentences
Pronoun
I hav I have a printer.
e
You hav You have a desk.
e
He has He has a pen.
She has She has an eraser.
It has It has a toy.
We hav We have a problem.
e
You hav You have pets.
e
They hav They have chairs.(cheirs)
e
live (liv) (verb)= vivir
life (laif) = vida
work (v) = trabajar
I live in Cusco.
You live in Lima.
He lives here.
She lives near.
It lives in its house.
We live in Urubamba.
They live in Loreto.
I work at ICPNA.
You work in bank.
She works in a hospital.
He works in an office.
We work here.
They work everyday.
Possessive Adjectives: Usamos los possessive adjectives para mostrar posesiones.
Possessive nouns :
Maria’s dog
Leandro’s book
The door of the classroom
Possessive pronouns:
This is mine. (Esto es mio)
That car is yours. (Ese carro es tuyo)
That book is hers. (Ese libro es de ella)
Subject Possessive Adjective Sentences
Pronoun
I My (de mi) My mother is Augusta.
You Your (de ti) Your father is a doctor.
He His (de el) His sister is an accountant.
She Her (de ella) Her sister is in Lima.
It Its (de eso) Its food is here.
We Our ( de nosotros, nuestro) Our English institute is ICPNA.
You Your (de ustedes) Your office is in Cusco.
They Their (de ellos/ellas) Their mother is a teacher.
He is Jose. His mother is Teresa.
They are Roberto and Luis. Their mother is Maria.
She is Carla. Her mother is Susana.
It’s = It is
It’s a dog = eso es un perro
Its food is cold = su comida está fría
They are dogs = ellos son perros
Their food is cold = la comida de ellos está fria
Who is = Who’s (jus) = Quien es
Who’s she? = Quien es ella?
Who’s that? = ¿Quién es eso/ esa?
Who’s Dina Boluarte? She is our President. She is the President of Peru.
Who’s your mother? My mother is Juana.
Who’s your sister? My sister is Liz.
Who’s she? She is my colleague. She is teacher Neda.
They are Pedro and Ruben.Their mother is Lucia.
He is Carlos. His girlfriend is Maria.
She is Teresa. Her brother is Pedro.
This is my dog Peluchin its/his food is in the kitchen.
He is my father. His name is Raul.
She is my sister. Her husband is Pedro.
day
they
the first
the second
Who are they? = ¿Quiénes son ellos?
Who are you?
Who are they?
Who are Alberto Fujimori, Pedro Castillo and Alejandro Toledo?
They are the former presidents of Peru
A: Who’s that? = Quien es ese?
That’s my colleague.
B: What’s his name?
His name is Rodolfo.
B: What’s her name?
Her name is Teresa.
Who are they?
They are managers.
She is Any, she is Luz, and she is Yurema.
They are Any, Luz and Yurema.
Their names are Any, Luz and Yurema.
Who’s that? / Who’s she?
She is Lida.
Her name is Lida.
She is a cosmetologist.
Her occupation is cosmetology.
Negative statements with be; Yes/No questions with be
Subject Pronoun (pronombre Verb Sentences (Oraciones)
sujeto)
TO BE
I (yo) am not (no soy o no estoy) I am not a student.
I’m not in Cusco.
You (tu) are not (eres o estas) You are not divorced.
You aren’t in Lima.
He (el) is not(no es o no está) He is not single.
He isn’t in
Paris.
She (ella) is not (no es o no está) She is not my friend.
She isn't in the office.
It (eso, esa)* Se usa para cosas is not (no es o no esta) It is not a window.
It isn’t in the class.
We (nosotros) are not(no somos o no We are not students.
estamos)
We aren’t in class 401.
You (ustedes) are not (no son o no están) You aren’t dentists.
You are not in a hospital.
They (ellos) are not (no son o no están) They aren’t teachers.
They are not in an
institute.
Yes/No Question:
Is your last name Delgado?
Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t.
Information Question:
Where is your house?
It is in Cusco.
Yes / No question:
She is a doctor.
Is she a doctor?
Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.
RESPUESTA CORTA AFIRMATIVA NO SE CONTRAE.
Yes, she’s (WRONG)
Yes, she is a doctor.
Messi is a soccer player.
Is Messi a soccer player?
Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t.
Lucia and Ruben are siblings.
Are Lucia and Ruben siblings?
Yes, they are. / No they aren’t.
Are you Ester’s friend? (Tu eres amiga de Ester?)
Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.
Are you Ester’s friends? (Uds. son amigos de Ester?
Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.
Dina Boluarte is the President of Peru.
Is Dina Boluarte the President of Peru?
Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.
Luis and Pedro are co-workers.
Are they co-workers?
Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.
I am a teacher.
Am I a teacher?
Yes, you are.
Information Question:
Where is she?
She is in the hospital.
Ella tiene 13 años.She is 13 years old.
How old are you?
I am 10 years old.
(+) (-)
I am Shakira. I’m not Shakira.
You are Ronaldiño. You aren’t Ronaldinho.
He is a soccer player. He isn’t a soccer player.
She is Selena Gomez. She isn’t Selena Gomez.
They are BTS. THey aren’t BTS.
We are Cubans. We aren’t Cubans. We are Peruvians.
They are in Barcelona. They aren’t in Barcelona.
This rock band is very popular.
This class is nice.
link = unir
together = juntos, juntas
Have a coffee.
jafa
(jafa coffi)
here (jier) = aqui
there (der) = allá
I live in Cusco.
You live in Lima.
He lives In Toronto.
She lives in California.
It lives in my house
They live in Peru.
TO BE:
am, is, are
She is an accountant.
She isn’t an accountant.
Is she an accountant?
Yes, she is. No, she isn`t.
He needs a book.
He doesn’t need a book.
Does he need a book?
Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
work
I work.
You work.
He works.
She works.
It works.
They work
we work.
You work.
