Contemporary Arts 3 Major Traditions

1. Ethnic Tradition
 Art forms primarily influenced by the geographical
Art location and the experiences of the Filipinos
 The purpose of arts is integral to life
 Sining  Arts reflected the pagan beliefs and practices,
 Different manners of expressing human skills and everyday activity such as fishing and farming, and
imagination in the creation of aesthetic, objects specific decorative art pattern to the community
and presentations
 Not confined only to what is seen Art Forms
 Involves the use of all the physical senses in order 1) Angono Petroglyphs
to appreciate it  Situated in Binangonan, Rizal
 Plays a significant role in the abundant cultural  Discovered by the National Artist, Carlos “Botong”
identity of the Philippines Franciso in 1965
 Reflects people, history, and traditions of the  There are 127 human and animal figures engraved
Philippines as a whole on the rock wall and dated back to circa late
Neolithic

Philippines has diverse art forms from its different 2) Manunggul Jar
regions. These diverse art forms, when integrated,  Found in Manuggul Cave, Lipuun Point, Palawan in
give a clear picture of how abundant the culture the early 1960s
and tradition of the Philippines is. It continues to  A burial jar which signifies the belief of early
evolve up to the present and progress to Filipino in the life after death
contemporary art tradition. As a Filipino, we
should have the knowledge about the different art 3) Banga
forms in the Philippines to fully understand the  Means pot
culture, tradition, and nation’s identity.  Pot dance is a performance of Kalinga of the
Mountain Province that shows the elegant grave
of Igorot tribe and the skill and strength of women
The development of the Philippine arts comes in
three major traditions. Even before the
colonization, the Philippines already has its 2. Spanish Colonial Tradition
indigenous arts. However, the Spaniards came  Art forms were primarily influenced by the religion
who tend to replace indigenous arts with western and secularization
arts. Consequently, after more than three  Spaniards used arts to propagate the Catholic faith
centuries of Spanish colonization, Americans
came. Subsequently, concept of modern art was Art Forms
introduced and practiced by many artists. It is in 1) Langit, Lupa, at Impyerno
this time wherein urbanization, consumerism,  Wall painting by Josed Luciano Dans
changes in the political system, and rise of new  Found in St. James the Apostle Church in Paete,
technology influence the development of art. Due Laguna
to the technological advances, new forms of  Dated 1850 and depicts the heaven, crucifixion of
expression came in the field of arts and modern Christ; Earth, Adan and Eve; and Hell, sinners with
art continuously developed which led to the different transgressions
contemporary arts nowadays
2) St. Paul Metropolitan
 Located at Burgos, Vigan City, Ilocos Sur
 Original structure was built in 1574 and replaced
as a church in 1641 that follows a Baroque
architectural design
3. American Colonial and
Contemporary Arts Traditions
1. Space
 Modern Art  Emptiness, either positive or negative space
 Practice of art from 1860s – 1960s  Positive space is the part that’s enclosed in a
 Main theme of art works is national identity shape
 Negative space is the opposite part which the
Art Forms
space is enclosing
1) The Making of the Philippine Flag
 Painting by Fernando Amorsolo, “Grand old Man
of Philippine Art” and born in Manila 2. Line
 Reminder of traditions and customs of the Filipino  Series of connected points
 Different types of line may convey different
2) Bayanihan meanings
 Painting by Carlos “Botong” Francisco dates in  For example, a horizontal line usually suggests
1962 calmness, vertical lines may convey strength,
 Born in Angono, Rizal diagonal lines create an impression of action,
 Mural painting that shows the Filipinos bayanihan curved lines create an expression of gradual
tradition change of direction, and circular line may pertain
 Shows the distinctive style of Francisco’s painting an abrupt change of direction
that showcased his mastery in arts
2 Characteristics of Line

1) Form
 Contemporary Art  Curved, dotted, or broken lines
 Practice of art from 1970s – Present
 Contemporary culture and society 2) Direction
 Diverse emerging art practices were introduced in  Vertical, horizontal, or diagonal lines
this era

Art Forms
3. Shape and Form
1) Cinco Marias (Tres Marias Series)
 By Federico Aguilas Alcuaz, born in Santa Cruz,  Shape
Manila  Area that is enclosed by a line or lines
 Depicts the variety of domestic activities  Two dimensional figures with height and width

2) Art Installation in Sand Dunes of Kinds of Shapes

Paoay 1) Geometric shapes
 Leeroy New is on of the Philippines contemporary  Triangle, squares, rectangle
artist, born in General Santos City
 Art installation made for the La Milagrosa Festival 2) Organic shapes
in Ilocos Norte  Shapes found in nature
 Symbolizes the great festivals, feasts and  Shape of a leaf or cloud
celebration
3) Abstract shapes
 Asymmetrical and free flowing shapes
It’s important that we have knowledge to describe
these art forms based on its details and elements, in  Form
relation to our country’s culture and tradition, that  Three dimensional figures
makes it an artistic piece. In the field of arts, knowing  Its dimensions are height, width, and volume
the elements and principles of arts is important, not  Unlike shapes, it has more depth
just to the artist but also to the viewer, to have a
deeper understanding of an artwork. 4. Color
 Associated with the natural phenomenon in our
Elements of Arts
environment
 Scientifically, when a light passes through a prism,  Repeated design elements may create a certain
it will produce different hues of different flow and may lead the viewer’s eyes
wavelengths
 These colors may pertain to lightness, darkness,
coolness, or warmth 6. Balance
 Even and equal distribution of elements

5. Value
 Property of a color which pertains to its lightness 7. Emphasis
or darkness  Greater impact given on a certain element

6. Texture
 Element that appeals to our sense of feel on
things, rough, smooth, bumpy, or slippery These elements and principles of arts are essential to
 Pertains to the surface of an art piece understand the meaning of a piece of art clearly and
deeply. In relation to that, diverse art forms in the
Philippines convey its meanings through the elements
and principles present to them

Principles of Art
1. Proportion
 Relationship of the size of elements in a body of
art
 For example, when drawing a human standing
beside a house, it is important to ensure that the
size of the human is proportional to the size of the
house

2. Harmony
 Unity of the artwork, specifically about the
arrangement of the related elements

3. Variety
 Diversity
 Adding multiple, different elements to break the
monotony of an artwork and make it more
interesting

4. Movement
 Illusion of motion in a painting, sculpture design,
or in a piece of art

5. Rhythm
 Repetition of certain elements to produce a
pattern
Modern Art  Theater Art

 Art ranges from the end of the 19th Century until

- Stage - Film
the 1970’s or 1980’s or the late 20th Century
- Street Play
 Historically and contextually
 Dance
- Flash mob - Street dances
Contemporary Art - Hip-hop - Funk
 Happening, existing, living, or coming into being - House - Rave
during the same period of time
 Form and genre that produced in our
contemporary time 3. Applied Arts
 Art created today
 Influenced by the economic, social, political and - Video Art
environmental context where the artist is - Photography
immersed in - Film and Broadcasting Art
 Artist’s expression of his perception and - Architecture, Design and Allied Art
comprehension of these contexts
 Contemporary Arts in the Philippines is as diverse
as our people 4. Literary Arts
 Not confined to the usual genres of the four main
art forms, namely, visual, literary, applied and - Illustrated Novel - Digi-Fiction
performing arts - Graphic Novels - Manga
 Genres are categories of artistic creation and are - Doodle Fiction - Text-Talk Novels
characterized by similarities in form, style, or - Chick Literature - Flash Fiction
subject matter - Hyper Poetry - Blog
 Many other genres came up which include pure
are forms as well as mixed art forms
Contemporary Philippine artists hail from the different
regions of the country. They use a wide variety of art
media in their creations, some of the media are
materials that are readily available in the locality
Examples of Contemporary Art
where the artist resides. Contemporary Philippine
Forms artworks are multifaceted and are expressive
1. Visual Arts renditions of the artist’s perception of what were
observed and experienced. These artists create, work
- Pop Art - Word Art and make art in their personal context. Viewers can
- Conceptual Art - Installation Art appreciate contemporary Philippine art more by
- Photorealism Art - Graffiti Art employing all of their senses. Viewing art is not just a
- Contemporary Realism detached experienced but a deep personal experience
of dwelling into the artist’s mind and heart.

2. Performance Arts
Expressions of Contemporary Philippine Art are
 Music influenced by social, historical, geographical,
ideational, personal and technical factors. These
- Blues - Electronics factors are imbibed by the artist and are combined to
- Experimental - Funk get immersed in the heart, to get molded in the mind
- Hip-hop - Jazz and to be propelled in the hands to create an
- Metal - Pop expressive reality.
- Rock - Roots
Elements of Contemporary Art  As individuals, groups of people and events are
perceived in their entirety as well as the unitive
use of art materials and forms
1. Appropriation
 Modifications made by the artist 4. Creative process
 As the artist puts more emphasis on now their
2. Hybridity artwork was made than on the artwork itself
 Use of different art mediums that are put together
5. Integrative
3. Technology  As it encompasses religious, moral, spiritual,
 Application highlights the creativity of the artis social, and environmental concerns

4. Performance 6. Multi-focal
 Carried out for viewers to experience  As it considers everything and everyone, the wide
perspective of the artwork as well as both artist
5. Space and viewer
 Intricate use of space

With modern technology and easy access to far-flung

These elements are combined in different ways to areas of the country, many artworks have become
come up with Integrative Art. Integrative Art employs known and many more are being created by present
the use of different art elements used together in day artists from the different regions. All forms of art
distinct different expressions. Thus, it becomes a can be found throughout the country. Artworks
combination of different art forms for specific groups coming from the seventeen regions of the three main
of viewers. Integrative art is also a fusion of different island groups of Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao, have
art disciplines using different styles and media in been exhibited in different exhibition halls and
creating art. It can be found in different places of the museums. Viewers have come to know and, more
country, usually in urban areas where artists have importantly, to understand the present-day art
ready access to different art forms and media. expressions of artists who want their culture, situation
Examples of Integrative Art include the use of and issues be known through their artworks.
computer applications combined with other media,
the use of non-traditional art materials in creating
artworks usually done with mixed art forms. The artworks and styles of the past have evolved and
have adapted to a dynamic changing world, a world
immersed in the latest technology and emerging
ideologies. These artworks and styles are created,
witnessed and experienced in our lifetime by artists
Contemporary Art from the and style experts catering to Millennial and Gen Z
Philippine Regions viewers, and techy clientele. These artworks are
collectively known as Contemporary Art.

1. Communal nature
 As it reflects the relationships build around the
bonds of community and society

2. Intuitive
 As Filipinos are immersed in their consciousness
of themselves, their community and their culture

3. Holistic
Philippine Contemporary 2. Sculpture
 Hard or plastic materials are worked into three-
Arts dimensional art objects
 Classified into seven major art forms: painting,  Filipino sculptors came to be known in the middle
sculpture, architecture, film, literature, music and of the 19th century
theater, and dance
 Knowing these classifications will guide us in
identifying and exploring different contemporary Examples:
art forms from the regions of the Philippines  Luzon
 Described into visual arts, literary arts and
performing arts The Bonifacio Monument by Guillermo Tolentino

 Visayas
Visual Arts
Sandugo (Blood Compact) by Napoleon Abueva
 Expression of artistic ideas through images,
structures, and tactile work
 Some visual artworks are integrated which means  Mindanao
it combines several mediums to create new and
Six Ladies in Durian by Kublai Millan
unique artwork
 Painting, sculpture, architecture, and film are
examples of visual arts

3. Architecture
1. Painting  Art and practice of designing and constructing
 expression of ideas and emotions, with the buildings
creation of certain aesthetic qualities, in a two-  Philippine architecture was characterized as
dimensional visual language simple, rational, and functional
 The elements of this language are used in various  In the 20th century, the young Filipino who
ways to produce sensations of volume, space, studied in American colleges and institutes
movement, and light on a flat surface introduced the neoclassic style in building
 The first paintings here in the Philippines are structures
commissioned works during Spanish colonization  However, after World War II, real estate
development started to take place
 Elements of this language:
- Shapes - Lines
- Colors - Tones Examples:
- Texture
 Luzon

Cultural Center of the Philippines by Leandro

Examples: Locsin
 Luzon

The Sketch by Victorio Edades  Visayas

Saint Andrew the Apostle Church by Leandro

 Visayas Locsin

Magellan’s Cross by Raul Agas

 Mindanao

 Mindanao Pearl Farm Beach Resort by Francisco Manosa

Salaam (Peace) by Rameer Tawasil

4. Film  Panhayhay hin Bungtohanon by Francisco
 use to imitate experiences that communicate Alvarado
ideas, stories, or feelings with the use of moving  An Higugma by Iluminado Lucente
images.
 also called a movie or motion picture
 art form that is the result of the film is called  Mindanao
cinema  Dead Stars by H.O. Santos
 The film industry in the Philippines started in 1897
 Indarapatra at Sulayman by Bartolome Del
 Usual subjects and themes:
Valle
- Martyr wife - Superhero
- Action - Melodramas
- Comedies

Examples:
Performing Arts
 Luzon
 A person doing certain actions and movements in
Himala by Ishmael Bernal front of an audience that go along with sound in a
space and time
 Visayas

Muro-Ami by Marilou Diaz-Abaya 1. Music and Theater

Music
 Mindanao
 Music is a collection of coordinated sound or
Mindanao by Brillante Mendoza sounds
 According to Ramon P. Santos in his article entitles
Contemporary Music, Contemporary music in the
Philippines usually refers to compositions that
have adopted ideas and elements from twentieth-
Literary Arts century art music in the West, as well as the latest
trends and musical styles in the entertainment
 Expression of ideas through writing
industry
 Categorized as poetry, prose, and drama
 Filipino Music had already a rich and unique
 Greatly encountered in literature
musical tradition long before westerners set foot
on our native land
 Music was present in every stage of our ancestors’
1. Literature lives — from birth to death, in blissful or tragic
 Literature is a term used to describe written and times
sometimes spoken material
 Derived from the Latin word literature meaning Examples of Music:
"writing formed with letters"
 Luzon
 Literature most commonly refers to works of the
creative imagination, including poetry, drama, Pastores
fiction, nonfiction, and in some instances,
journalism, and song
 Visayas
Examples:
Pinalangga
 Luzon
 A Blade of Fern by Edith Ocampo
 Mindanao
 I Saw the Fall of the Philippines by Carlos P.
Romulo Buyayang

 Visayas Theatre
 Theatre is a collaborative form of fine art that uses
live performers to present the experience of a real
or imagined event before a live audience in a
specific place
 The performers may communicate this experience
to the audience through combinations of gesture,
speech, song, music, or dance

Examples:

 Luzon

Tanikalang Ginto

2. Dance
 Movement of the body in a rhythmic way, usually
to music and within a given space
 For the purpose of expressing an idea or emotion,
releasing energy, or simply taking delight in the
movement itself

Examples:

 Luzon

Banga

 Visayas

Kuratsa

 Mindanao

Singkil
The Order of National Artist 7 Categories Under National Artists
Recognized
 Orden ng Gawad Pambansang Alagad ng Sining
 Highest national recognition given to Filipino
individuals who have made significant
1. Literature
contributions to the development of Philippine
- Poetry - Fiction
arts
- Essay - Playwriting
 The order is concurrent administered by the
- Journalism - Literary criticism
National Commission for Culture and the Arts
(NCCA) and Cultural Center of the Philippines
2. Film and Broadcasting /
(CCP) and conferred by the President of the
Broadcast Arts
Philippines upon recommendation by both
- Direction - Writing
institutions
- Production design - Cinematography
 The award is one of the Honors conferred by the
- Editing - Camera work
Republic of the Philippines that represents the
- Performance
nation’s highest ideals in the humanities and
aesthetic expression through the recognizable
3. Architecture, Design and Allied
achievements of individual citizens
 The said achievements are measured in terms of
Arts
their vision, unusual insight, creativity and - Architecture design - Interior design
imagination, technical proficiency of the highest - Industrial arts design -Landscape architecture
order in expressing Filipino culture and traditions, - Fashion design
history, way of life, and aspirations
 Under the Proclamation No.1001 dated April 27, 4. Music
1072 the Order of the National Artist Award was - Singing - Composition
established - Direction - Performance
 It gives an appropriate recognition and prestige to
Filipinos who have acclaimed themselves and 5. Dance
made a remarkable contribution to Philippine arts - Choreography - Direction
and letters - Performance
 The first award was given to Fernando Amorsolo
on May 15, 1973 under the Proclamation No. 6. Theater
1144 - Direction - Performance
 CCP Board of Trustees was named as the National - Production Design
Artist Awards Committee
 The Presidential Decree No.28 that was issued on 7. Visual Arts
June 7, 1973 reiterated the mandate of CCP to - Painting - Sculpture
administer the National Awards as well as the - Printmaking - Photography
privileges and honors to National Artist - Installation art - Mixed media works
- Illustration - Graphic arts
- Performance art - Imaging
The Order of National Artists aims to recognize:
1. The Filipino artists who have made significant
contributions to the cultural heritage of the
country
2. The Filipino artistic accomplishment at its highest
level and to promote creative expression as
significant to the development of a national
cultural identity
3. The Filipino artists who have dedicated their lives
to their works to forge new paths and directions
for future generations of Filipino artists
Qualifications for the National  Film
Artist Award
1. Gerardo de Leon 1982
 The qualifications for a Filipino to be nominated
2. Lino Brocka 1997
and selected are rigorous
3. Ishmael Bernal 2001
4. Eddie S. Romero 2003
1. Living artists who are natural-born Filipino citizens
5. Manuel Conde 2009
2. The content and form of their work have procured
in building a Filipino sense of nationhood
3. An artist who has developed a mode of creative
 Literature
expression or style and living a legend on
succeeding generations of artists
4. An artist who manifest excellence in the practice 1. Amado V. Hernadez 1973
of their art form 2. Jose Garcia Villa 1973
5. The artwork made has attained an international 3. Nick Joaquin 1976
and national recognition 4. Calos P. Romulo 1982
5. Francisco Arcellana 1990
6. N.V. M Gonzales 1997
7. Carlos Quirino 1997
Insignia of the Order of the
8. Edith L. Tiempo 1999
National Artists
9. F. Sionil Jose 2001
 Formed from a Grand Collar featuring circular links 10. Virgilio S. Almario 2003
depicting the arts and an eight-pointed sunburst 11. Bienvenido Lumbera 2006
suspended from a sampaguita wreath in green 12. Lazaro Francisco 2009
and white enamel 13. Cirilo F. Bautista 2014
 The center of the badge is divided into three equal
portions, in red, white and blue representing the
Philippine Flag with three stylized letter K’s that  Music
stands for the CCP’s motto “Katotohanan,
Kabutihan at Kagandahan “(The true, the good 1. Antonio J. Molina 1973
and the beautiful) 2. Jovita Fuentes 1976
 The Grand Collar is made from silver gilt bronze 3. Antonio R. Buenaventura 1988
4. Lucrecia R. Kasilag 1989
5. Lucio D. San Pedro 1991
National Artists of the Philippines 6. Felipe Padilla de Leon 1997
7. Jose Maceda 1997
 Architecture
8. Levi Celerio 1997
9. Ernani Joson Cuenco 1999
1. Juan Nakpil 1973
10. Andrea O. Veneracion 1999
2. Pablo Antonio 1976
11. Francisco Feliciano 2014
3. Leondro V. Locsin 1990
12. Ramon Santos 2014
4. Ramon Valera 2006
5. Jose Maria Zaragoza 2014
 Theater
6. I.P Santos 2006
1. Honorata " Atang" de la Rama 1987
2. Levi Celerio 1997
 Dance 3. Wlfrido Ma. Guerero 1997
4. Rolando S. Tinio 1997
1. Francisca Reyes Aquino 1973 5. Daisy Avellana 1999
2. Leonor Orosa-Goquingco 1976 6. Severino Montano 2001
3. Lucrecia Reyes Urtula 1988
4. Ramon Obusan 2006
 Visual Arts
1. Fernando C. Amorsolo 1972 In the Virata School of Business, Jose Tanig Joya’s
2. Carlos " Botong" V. Francisco 1973 mural can be seen entitled Barter of Panay (1978).
3. Guillermo E. Tolentino 1973 This work of art is rendered in the Abstract
4. Victorio C. Edades 1976 expressionist style and it consists of soft, overlapping
5. Napoleon V. Abueva 1976 planes of black, white, orange, brown and golden
6. Vicente Manansala 1981 yellow. The Church of the Holy Sacrifice in UP Diliman
7. Cesar Legaspi 1990 which was inaugurated in 1955 was credited to be the
8. Hernando R. Ocampo 1991 First Catholic Church in the country that were able to
9. Arturo R. Luz 1997 employ a circular architecture with a fine thin shell
10. J. Elizalde Navarro 1999 dome. Intricate mathematical computations with the
11. Ang Kiukok 2001 increasing popularity of concrete that serve as the
12. Jose T. Joya 2003 building material enabled the smooth rounded church
13. Abdulmari Asia Imao 2006 construction. The said church is recognized as a
14. Bencab 2006 National Historical Landmark as well as a Cultural
15. Federico Aguillar Alcuaz 2009 Treasure by the National Historical Institute.
16. Francisco Coching 2014

Jose Maceda’s Pagsamba involved a hundred mixed

voices and indigenous musical instruments like
bamboo buzzers, clappers and the like. UP center for
Ethnomusicology was also founded by him where he
Works of Filipino National Artist donated his valuable collections of sound recordings,
field notes and the like in Ethnomusicology in the
 The works of National Artist can be found in Philippines and South East Asia. In line with this, he
different University Campuses was recognized by the UNESCO Memory of the World.
 One example is the University of the Philippines in
Diliman, Quezon City
 The known school symbol is based on Oblation
made by the sculptor Guillermo Tolentino
 This work of art depicts a male nude with arms
outstretched that represents a gesture of sacrifice
and freedom
 Guillermo Tolentino is a pioneer of academic
tradition in sculpture like Fernando Amorsolo in
Painting
 Fernando Amorsolo is known for its romantic
paintings of bucolic landscapes and idealized
portraits of well-known individuals from the
Commonwealth Period and the Second World War
 His works can be seen also at the National
Museum
 Awarded in 1976, Napoleon Abueva had
contributed to the University’s Visual Arts
Heritage