SUBJECT: LEADERSHIP

Multiple choice

1. Leadership is the influencing process of leaders on followers to achieve

organizational objectives through constant change.
A. True
B. False

2. Which of the following is not the key element of leadership?

A. Influence
B. Personal Objectives
C. Leaders
D. Followers

3. How are managers and leaders differ?

A. A manager is a person with title and authority
B. A leader does not have to be a manager
C. Followers are people influenced by a leader
D. A, B and C
5. Are leaders born or made?
A. Leaders are born
B. Leaders are made
C. Leaders are both born and made
D. Leaders are neither born nor made

6. Which of the following is incorrect?

A. Top-level managers have a balanced need for all three skills
B. Top-level managers have a greater need for interpersonal and decision-
making skills
C. Middle managers have a balanced need for all three skills
D. First-level managers have a greater need for technical and interpersonal skills
7. The leader, who serves on committees with people from outside of your
organisational units and attends professional meetings. Which interpersonal role does
he perform?
A. Disseminator
B. Figurehead
C. Liaison
D. Resource-allocator
8, have a greater need for interpersonal and decision-making skills
than technical skills
A, Top-level managers
B, Middle-level managers
C, First-level managers
D, All above answers are correct
9. Your leader has asked you to design a new performance evaluation system.
Which Mintzberg’s managerial roles does it perform?
A. Entrepreneur
B. Interpersonal
C. Resource-allocator
D. Negotiator
10..................involve the ability to understand, communicate and work well with
individuals and groups through developing effective relationships
A. Technical skills
B. Decision-making skills
C. Interpersonal Skills
D. Management skills
11...............is the process of a leader communicating ideas, gaining acceptance of
them, and motivating followers to support and implement the ideas through
change
A. Leadership
B. Influencing
C. Interpersonal
D. Entrepreneur
12. How many leadership skills?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
13. Levels of Analysis of Leadership Theory are:
A. Individual, group and organizational
B. Group and organizational
C. Individual and group
D. Individual and organizational
14. Interpersonal Roles include:
A. Monitor, disseminator, leader
B. Monitor, disseminator, spokesperson
C. Leader, disseminator, spokesperson
D. Leader, disseminator, spokesperson
15. The interpersonal leadership roles include
A. Leader
B. Figurehead
C. Liaison
D. All 3 answers are correct
16. … Skills are based on the ability to conceptualize situations and select
alternatives to solve problems and take advantage of opportunities.
A. Decision Making
B. Interpersonal
C. Technical
D. Management

17. Theory X and Theory Y attempt to explain and predict leadership behavior and
performance based on the leader’s...............about followers.
A. control
B. concern
C. power
D. attitude
18. Who did process Big Five personality traits?
A. Lorraine Monroe
B. Art Friedman
C. Mark Cuban
D. Ron Johnson
19. The ability to direct or guide the actions of others in a desired manner is
a. flexibility.
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c. ethics
d. responsibility
20. Which of the following best describes achievement motivation?
a. A person who is highly competitive.
b. Someone who is interested in continually developing and demonstrating
higher capabilities.
c. Someone who is motivated by receiving awards and recognition.
d. A person who takes high risks in order to accomplish their goals.
21. The Pygmalion effect proposes that leaders’ attitudes and expectations of
followers, and their treatment of them, explain and predict followers’ behavior and
performance.
a. False
b. True
22. The...........trait affects all other traits related to effective leaders.
a. Extraversion
b. Dependability
c. Dominance
d. Intelligence
23. Which trait is NOT categorized as the surgency Big Five dimension?
A. Self-Confidence
B. Dominance
C. High energy
D. Extroversion
24. Leader’s traits and skills affect their behavior and relationship with
employees
A. Directly
B. Indirectly
C. Positively
D. Negatively
25. Organizations meet through the opportunity to interact with others, to be
accepted, to have friends.
A. Esteem Needs
B. Safety Needs
C. Social Needs
D. Physiological Needs
26. The first step of the Motivation process is:
A. Behavior
B. Motive
C. Need
D. Consequence
27. How many leadership styles that Ohio State University Leadership Model
identifies?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
28. The Hierarchy of needs theory proposes that people are motivated through five
levels of needs. Which of the following does not belong to those 5 levels?
A. Physiological needs.
B. Safety needs.
C. Power needs.
D. Belongingness needs.
29. In Process motivation theories, which theory proposes that people are motivated
when their perceived inputs equal outputs?
A. Goal-setting theory
B. Equity theory
C. Expectancy theory
D. Acquired Needs Theory
30. Which model identifies two leadership styles: job-centered and employee-
centered?
A. The Ohio State University Leadership Model
B. The Leadership Grid
C. University of Iowa Leadership Styles
D. University of Michigan Leadership Model
31. Acquired needs theory proposes that people are motivated by their need for:
A. Pay, Job security, Advancement.
B. Achievement, Power, Affiliation.
C. Work environment, Relationship, Achievement.
D. Pay, Recognition, Working conditions.

32. Two-factor theory proposes that employees are motivated by factors.

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b. maintenance
c. hygiene
d. extrinsic
33. Which of the following is NOT a type of reinforcement?
a. positive
b. extinction
c. continuous
d. avoidance

34. Which of the following is NOT one of the process motivation theories?
a. goal-setting theory
b. equity theory
c. expectancy theory
[Link] needs theory

35. The manager who believes that employees work harder if they get a
written reprimand as soon as they slow down at work is attempting to practice:
a. expectancy theory.
b. hygienic motivation.
c. intrinsic motivation.
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36. is the least effective method in motivating employees.
a. Positive reinforcement
b. Avoidance reinforcement
c. Extinction
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37. The University of Iowa studies led to an era of research.

a. behavioral
b. trait
c. personality
d. participation

38. The Leadership Grid is based on two leadership dimensions called:

a. concern for production and concern for people.
b. concern for profit and concern for productivity.
c. concern for motivation and concern productivity.
d. none of the answers are correct
39. theory proposes that people are motivated when their perceived inputs
equal outputs.
a. Equity
b. Reinforcement
c. Expectancy
d. Goal-setting
40. Contingency theories of leadership are based on the belief that:
A. There is a single style of leadership appropriate to all managers.
B. There is no single style of leadership appropriate to all situations.
C. There is a single style of leadership appropriate to all situations.
D. None of the above.
41. What are 2 leadership & behavior/styles that Behavioral theory of Ohio State
University mentions about?
A, Autocratic and Democratic
B, Job-centered and Employee-centered
C, Structure and Consideration
D, Concern for production and Concern for people
42. Two sources of power are Position power and Personal
power A, True
B, False

43. There are types

of power A, 2
B, 4
C, 5
D, 7
44. Coercive power is not appropriate to use in maintaining discipline
and enforcing rules. A, True
B, False
45. Referent power is based on the user’s with others
A, ability to influence
B, personal relationships
C, rewards and punishment
D, skill and knowledge

46. Power, and negotiating are all forms of

influencing A, networking, relationship
B, pressure, relationship
C, politics, pressure
D, politics, networking

47. What is Negotiating?

A. A process in which two or more parties have something the other wants
and attempt to come to an agreement.
B. Based on the user’s relationships with influential people.
C. Punishment and withholding of rewards to influence compliance.
D. Based on the user’s position power, given by the organization.

48......is based on the user’s ability to influence others with something of value to them
A. Legitimate power
B. Reward power
C. Coercive power
D. Referent power
49. What is the feature of negotiating?
A. An essential career skill
B. Directly affects your success
C. Influencing tactics, power and politics used often
D. All are correct
50. What is one of the guidelines for a rational persuation?
A. Provide evidence the objective can be met
B. Increase management experience
C. Exercise authority regularly
D. Back up your authority with rewards and punishment
51. The use of coecive power involves punishment and withholding of rewards to
influence compliance
A. True
B. Flase
52. “Increase training to become an expert” is one of the traits of:
A. Guidelines for increasing expert power
B. Guidelines for increasing referent power
C. Guidelines for increasing coercive power
D. Guidelines for increasing reward power
53. In the four stage model of the transformation process, which of the following is
the first stage?
a. Institutionalize change.

b. Challenge the status quo and make a convincing case for change.
c. Inspire a shared vision of the future.

d. Provide effective leadership during the change.

54. cultures are known for their flexibility and innovativeness often showing
greater tolerance for failure.
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55. is a values-based concept & describes those with the highest
integrity, committed to building enduring organizations
a. An ethics ombudsperson
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d.A cooperative culture

56. The best way to mitigate the negative consequences of any crisis is by:
a. top management support.
b. a pre-crisis plan.
c. a capable and supportive staff of employees.
d. having updated communication capabilities.