PRESSURE GROUPS
PRESSURE GROUPS: Defined
Organized individuals who actively
seek to influence public policy and
decision-making processes without
directly seeking political power.
PRESSURE GROUPS: Nature
❑Operate outside the formal political system.
❑Aim to represent specific interests or
causes.
❑Function through lobbying, advocacy, public
campaigns, and mobilizing public opinion.
❑Differ from political parties as they do not
field election candidates.
PRESSURE GROUPS in Philippine
Context
Pressure groups in the Philippines reflect
the dynamic interplay of socio-economic
diversity, cultural traditions, and political
activism. They embody advocacy and
resistance, to influence policies in favor
of their specific interests or broader
social justice goals.
PRESSURE GROUPS: Distinct
Characteristics in the Philippines
Often rooted in grassroots
movements, with many emerging
from rural areas to address
issues like land reform, farmers'
rights, and indigenous people's
welfare.
PRESSURE GROUPS: Distinct
Characteristics in the Philippines
The religious sector plays a
prominent role in shaping the
moral compass of the nation,
influencing debates on issues like
divorce, reproductive health, and
LGBTQ+ rights.
PRESSURE GROUPS: Distinct
Characteristics in the Philippines
They adapt to technological
advancements by leveraging social
media platforms to mobilize,
campaign, and engage the youth.
Examples of
PRESSURE GROUPS in
the Philippines
KILUSANG MAYO UNO (KMU)
HARIBON FOUNDATION
HARIBON FOUNDATION
PRESSURE GROUPS: Kinds
Interest Groups: These are focused on
promoting and protecting the economic
or professional interests of their
members.
PRESSURE GROUPS: Kinds
Cause Groups:
These pressure groups advocate for
broad social or political issues, often
rooted in values or ideologies
PRESSURE GROUPS: Kinds
Institutional Groups:
These are associated with larger
organizations, such as universities,
government agencies, or professional
associations.
PRESSURE GROUPS: Kinds
Anomic Groups:
These are
spontaneous,
often reactionary,
groups that
emerge in
response to
critical events.
PRESSURE GROUPS: Roles
POLICY ADVOCACY
Pressure groups act as catalysts
for policy changes by pushing for
reforms
E.g. Labor unions, including KMU,
pushed for a minimum wage increase,
resulting in regular wage boards
addressing labor issues.
PRESSURE GROUPS: Roles
REPRESENTATION OF
MARGINALIZED COMMUNITIES
Pressure groups provide
platforms for underrepresented
sectors.
E.g. Katribu Partylist advocates for
indigenous rights and protection of
ancestral lands against mining and
deforestation.
PRESSURE GROUPS: Roles
PUBLIC AWARENESS
By engaging the public, pressure
groups amplify societal issues
E.g. Youth-led organizations like
Anakbayan bring national attention to
the plight of the education sector,
tuition fees, and budget cuts
PRESSURE GROUPS: Roles
ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISM
Pressure groups help ensure
government accountability
E.g. Transparency International
Philippines exposes corruption in
government projects.
PRESSURE GROUPS: Roles
POLICY ADVOCACY
Pressure groups act as catalysts
for policy changes by pushing for
reforms
E.g. Labor unions, including KMU,
pushed for a minimum wage increase,
resulting in regular wage boards
addressing labor issues.
PRESSURE GROUPS
Existence
❑Arise in response to specific needs or interests within
society.
❑Exist in democracies, where freedom of speech and
association is protected.
❑Thriving examples in the Philippines include religious
groups, civic organizations, and sectoral representatives.
PRESSURE GROUPS
Articulation
❑Lobbying policymakers directly.
Methods ❑Media campaigns and public protests.
of Influence ❑Partnerships with international
organizations.
❑Submitting policy proposals and
position papers.
PRESSURE GROUPS
Articulation
❑Limited access to decision-makers.
Challenges ❑Potential for elite capture or corruption.
in Articulation ❑Difficulty in sustaining public interest
and engagement.
End of Presentation
