Rules to Convert Active Voice into Passive Voice

किसी भी sentence को active voice से passive voice में बदलने के लिए कु छ नियमों पर ध्यान रखना जरुरी है. यहाँ हम sentence को active
voice से passive voice में बदलने के नियमों के बारे में बात करेंगे.

Rule No. 1
किसी भी sentence को active voice से passive voice में बदलने के लिए, सबसे बुनियादी नियम subject को object के साथ और object को
सूबजेक्ट के साथ बदल देना है।
Example: Riya paints beautiful scenery. (Active Voice)
The beautiful scenery is painted by Riya. (Passive Voice)
He plays cricket. (Active Voice)
Cricket is played by him. (Passive Voice)

Rule No. 2
किसी भी sentence को active voice से passive voice में बदलने के लिए, subject से पहले ‘by’ का इस्तेमाल किया जाता है।
Example: Ajay is eating an apple. (Active Voice)
An apple is being eaten by Ajay. (Passive Voice)
They are planning an event. (Active Voice)
An event is being planned for by them. (Passive Voice)

Rule No. 3
किसी भी sentence को active voice से passive voice में बदलने के लिए, main verb की third फॉर्म का इस्तेमाल किया जाता है।
Example: Ahaan breaks the glass. (Active Voice)
The glass is broken by Ahaan. (Passive Voice)
Jaya buys a pink dress. (Active Voice)
A pink dress is bought by Jaya. (Passive Voice)

Rule No. 4
किसी भी sentence को active voice से passive voice में बदलने के लिए, subject से पहले हमेशा ‘by’ का इस्तेमाल करना ज़रूरी नहीं है,
sentence में ‘to’, ‘at’, and ‘with’ का भी इस्तेमाल किया जा सकता है।
Example: Juice fills the bottle. (Active Voice)
The bottle is filled with juice. (Passive Voice)
Ayesha knows her. (Active Voice)
She is known to Ayesha. (Passive Voice)

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Rule No. 5.
जब किसी sentences में object नहीं दिया जाता है, तो active voice को निम्नलिखित तरीके से passive voice में बदला जा सकता है।
Example: Ravi goes. (Active Voice)
Ravi is gone. (Passive Voice)
The game begins. (Active Voice)
The game has begun. (Passive Voice)

Rule No. 6
Passive voice में subject का हमेशा इस्तेमाल करना ज़रूरी नहीं होता है। अगर कोई sentence बिना subject के पूरा मतलब बताता है, तो ऐसे
sentences में subject को छोड़ दिया जाता है।
Example: Gold is sold in kilograms. (Passive Voice)
Transgender is not always treated as equals. (Passive Voice)

Rule No. 7.
किसी भी sentence को active voice से passive voice में बदलते समय, subject और object के साथ इस्तेमाल किए जाने वाले adjective,
adjective phrases and articles को भी उनके साथ बदल दिया जाता है।
Example: Karan buys a black shirt. (Active Voice)
A black shirt is bought by Karan . (Passive Voice)
Ajay uses a blue pen. (Active Voice)
Blue pen is used by Ajay. (Passive Voice)

Rule No. 8
किसी भी sentence को active voice से passive voice में बदलते समय, अगर direct और indirect object दोनों दिए गए हैं, तो subject
की जगह पर indirect object का इस्तेमाल किया जाता है।
Example: She teaches me dancing. (Active Voice)
I was taught dancing by her. (Passive Voice)
They invited you to a party. (Active Voice)
You are invited to a party by them. (Passive Voice)

Table for Changing Helping Verbs from Active

Voice to Passive voice
किसी भी sentence को active voice से passive voice में बदलते समय, helping verb भी बदल जाती है। active voice से passive
voice में बदलने के लिए helping verbs के बारे में नीचे table में दिया गया है।

Table for Modals- Active Voice into Passive Voice

किसी भी sentence को active voice से passive voice में बदलते समय, modals को भी बदल दिया जाता है। इसलिए passive voice में
बदलने के लिए modals के साथ ‘be’ जोड़ा जाता है। नीचे दी गई table में इन verbs में हुए बदलाव के बारे में बताया गया है।
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Modals in Active Voice Modals in Passive Voice
Is to, Are to, Am to Is to be, Are to be, Am to be
Has to, Have to Has to be, Have to be
Will have to, Shall have to Will have to be, Shall have to be
Was to, Were to Was to be, Were to be
Had to Had to be
Should Should be
Would Would be
Must Must be
May May be
Might Might be
Can Can be
Could Could be
To change modal sentences from active voice to passive voice, there are three rules discussed below:
Modal Sentences को active voice से passive voice में बदलने के लिए, नीचे तीन नियमों पर चर्चा की गई है:

Table for Converting Pronouns into Passive Voice

For converting a sentence from active voice to passive voice, the subject is replaced with the object and vice
versa. Given in the table below are the subject-object replacements of pronouns.
किसी भी sentence को active voice से passive voice में बदलने के लिए, subject को object से बदल दिया जाता है और object को
subject से। नीचे दी गई टेबल में pronoun के subject-object replacement के बारे में बताया गया है।

Subject Object
He Him
She Her
It It
I Me
You You
We Us
They Them

Passive Voice in Tenses

किसी भी sentence को active voice से passive voice में बदलते वक़्त, helping verb के साथ, tenses का structure भी बदल जाता है।
नीचे दी गई टेबल में tenses के structure में आये बदलाव के बारे में बताया गया है।

Tenses Active Voice Passive Voice

Subject + Verb1 + s/ es + Object
Object + is/ am/ are + Verb3 + by +
Subject
Present Indefinite Example: Sheena writes an essay. Example: An essay is written by
Tense Sheena.
Rahul visits Mr. Dixit.
Mr. Dixit is visited by Rahul.

Past Indefinite Tense Subject + verb2 + Object Object + was/ were + verb3 + by +
Subject.
Example: The letter was read by
3
Example: Ahaan read the letter. Ahaan.
Her mother was taken for granted by
Astha took her mother for granted. Astha.
Object + will/ shall + be + verb3 +
Subject + will/ shall + verb3 +
by + Subject.
object.
Future Indefinite Example: The seminar will be
Example: She will organize the
Tense organized by her.
seminar.
The party will be hosted by
Abhishek will host the party.
Abhishek.
Object + is/ am/ are + being + verb3
Subject + is/ am/ are + verb1 + ing
+ by + subject.
+ object
Present Continuous Example: Dheeraj is eating an ice Example: An ice cream is being
Tense eaten by Dheeraj.
cream.
A new house is being bought by
Sheela is buying a new house.
Sheela.
Subject + was/ were + verb1 + ing + Object + was/ were + being + verb3
object + by + subject.
Past Continuous Example: Riya was playing Example: Badminton was being
Tense badminton. played by Riya.
Ashu was making a cake. The cake was being made by Ashu.
Object + has/ have + been + verb3 +
Subject + has/ have + verb3 +
by + subject.
object
Example: A beautiful dress has been
Present Perfect Tense Example: She has worn a beautiful worn by her.
dress.
The whole bottle has been drunk by
Ajay has drunk the whole bottle.
Ajay.

Subject + had + verb3 + object Object + had been + verb3 + by +

subject.

Past Perfect Tense Example: A ball had been thrown by

Example: She had thrown a ball. her.
Arjun had broken the glass. The glass had been broken by Arjun.
Object + will/ shall + have + been +
Subject + will/ shall + have + verb3
verb3 + by + subject
+ object
Example: The whole cake will have
Future Perfect Tense Example: I will have eaten the been eaten by me.
whole.
The police will have been called by
She will have called the police.
her.

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Active to Passive Voice- Imperative/ Negative/
Interrogative Sentences
There is a difference in the structure of different types of sentences while changing it from active voice to
passive voice. These changes in the structure of different sentences are described in the table below:
Active voice को passive voice में बदलते समय कई तरह के sentences के structure में अंतर होता है। इन अलग अलग तरह के sentences
के structure में ये बदलाव नीचे दी गई टेबल में दिए गए हैं:

For Imperative Sentences

Rule Active Voice Passive Voice
Verb1 + Object Let + object + to be + Verb + remaining
sentence.
Rule 1 Example: Let the bottle be opened.
Example: Open the bottle.
Read the letter Let the letter be read.

Don’t/ Do not + Verb1 + Object Let + object + not be + verb3 +

remaining sentence
Rule 2 Example: Let my feelings not be hurt.
Example: Don’t hurt my feelings.
Don’t ask her for help. Let her help not be asked.

If there is a suggestion in an active Object + should be + verb3 + remaining

voice. sentence
Example: Obey your parents. Example: Your parents should be
Rule 3
obeyed.

Trust your friends. Your friends should be trusted.

Kindly/ Please + verb1 + object

You are requested to + verb1 + object
Example: You are requested to follow
Rule 4 Example: Kindly follow the the instructions.
instructions.
You are requested to pass the book.
Please pass the book.
You are advised/ ordered + remaining
Intransitive verb + remaining sentence
sentence
(conveying order and suggestion)
Example: Study hard.
Rule 5
Example: You are advised to study
hard.
Sit down.
You are ordered to sit down.
Rule 6 Let us + verb1 It is suggested that + we should + verb1

Example: Let us eat cake.

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Let us play together.
Let + subject + verb1 + object Let + object + be + verb3 + by +
subject

Rule 7 Example: Let him complete his Example: Let his homework be
homework. completed by him.

Let me ask him for help. Let his help be asked by him.

For Negative Sentence

Rule Active Voice Passive Voice
Object + helping verb + main verb3 + by
Subject + helping verb + not + main
+ subject
verb + object
Example: Cricket is not being played by
Example: Ayaan is not playing cricket.
Ayaan.
Asad is not teaching math.
Math is not being taught by Asad.

Note: The syntax for the passive voice for the negative sentences is the same as the passive voice structure
for tenses.
नोट: negative sentences के लिए passive voice में sentence बनाने के नियम, tense के passive voice नियम एक है।

For Interrogative Sentence

Rule Active Voice Passive Voice
Helping verb + subject + verb +
object? Helping verb + object + verb3 + by
subject?
Example: Do you want medicines?
Rule 1 Example: Are medicines wanted by you?
Has a poem been written by you?
Have you written a poem?
Who + helping verb + verb + object?
By whom + helping verb + object +
verb3 + remaining sentence?

Rule 2 Example: Who will find my friend? Example: By whom will my purse be
found?
By whom was my homework completed?
Who completed my homework?
What + helping verb + subject + verb What + helping verb + object + verb3 +
+ object? by + subject?
Rule 3 Example: What did you eat? Example: What was eaten by you?
What is he saying? What is being said by him?
Rule4 whom, whose, which, how many and By + whom, whose, which, how many
how much + remaining sentence? and how much + remaining sentence?
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Example: Who was called by you?
How many pastries will be eaten by you?

Where Not to Use Active and Passive Voice

1. While changing any sentence from active to passive voice, the following four tenses do not get converted.

किसी भी sentence को active से passive voice में बदलते समय, निम्नलिखित चार tenses को नहीं बदला जा सकता हैं।

 Future Continuous Tense (Subject + will/ shall be + verb + ing + object)

 Present Perfect Continuous Tense (Subject + has been/ have been + verb 1 ing + object + since/ for +
time)
 Past Perfect Continuous Tense (Subject + had been + verb1 + ing + object + for/ since + time)
 Future Perfect Continuous Tense (Subject + will/ shall + have been + verb1 + ing + object + for/ from/
since + time)

1. For those sentences in which the intransitive verb is the main verb, the passive voice is not made.

जिन sentences में main verb ही intransitive verb होती है, उन्हें passive voice में नहीं बदला जाता है.
Example: We go.
They play.

Try and Learn Easily

Given below are the sentences in the active voice, change them into passive voice.

नीचे दिए गए active voice sentences को passive voice में बदलें:

1. Riya plays tennis.

2. She is not eating chocolates.
3. We sleep.
4. Ahana had read the book.
5. She will upload the picture.
6. He shall give her important tips.
7. Does Neha betray Karan?
8. Don’t eat your nails.
9. Kindly play the song.
10. Let us study together.

Answers
1. Tennis is played by Riya.
2. Chocolates are not being eaten by her.
3. No passive voice
4. The book had been read by Ahana.
5. The picture will be uploaded by her.
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6. She will be given important tips by her .
7. Is Karan betrayed by Neha?
8. Let your nails not be eaten.
9. You are requested to play the song.
10. It is suggested that we study together.