Digital Image Processing

DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING

INTRODUCTION:
The digital image processing is simple process which deals with minute
articulations of imaging .It is a digitalized way of computing a image it deals
with various sub signals and systems as we use many softwares for editing is a
prime example for it. These signals are used in various forms it is used in
different types of engineering to deal with the substantial equations and for
various other uses but it is primarily used in the field of image processing

TYPES:
1.Analog image processing
2.Digital image processing
Previously it dealt with the analog image processing before the introduction of
the digital embedded systems. But due to the various and important uses in
the digital system it is highly preferred over its counter part.
Now moving on to the most important part .

THE PROCESS:
As we discussed earlier the basic processing deals with providing an signal as a
input and the output to be a image which may be digitalized or analog based
on the embedded system. And the signal is considered to be a 1D or even two
dimensional . The signal is used to pass on some data. The basic example for
this signals is the transmission of wave forms from one point to another which
is primarily working as a emitter of data.
The conversion of image should be done by firstly converting analog to digital

and the capturing of a picture is the first step toward image processing. The
image acquisition is done by the sensors in the camera and if the capturing of a
picture is done outdoors then sunlight plays a very pivotal role in the
processing.
With the received amount of data the amount of reflection from the sensors
and the deploy of various substantial formations and different techniques of
quantization are used in making the image what we see today.
So, basically the most important thing in capturing a moment is done by the
camera then technically speaking is aperture which in turn deviates the light
into the camera for bringing out good quality images the larger the aperture of
the lens much cleaner the picture will be.
The ultimate usage of it is to shed away the darkness from the image. As we
talk in detail about the picturing. Professionally, speaking there are way more
types of images such as the binary image, the black and white image the binary
imaging is all about dealing with the 0’s and 1’s and the black and white deals
with tagling between black and white .
There are sources which provide differentiating colour to the display which are
the bits in a display there are various types of bits in a display such as 2,3,4,5,6
and 8 bit displays but the bits like 2,3,4,5,6 are not used in modern times they
were used previously in the Old televisions . But 8 bit colours are used
everywhere nowadays from mobile phones to televisions. But to better them
even more 16 bit colours have been introduced to enhance the advancement
of technology the colour division in the 16 bit colours is not easy as compared
to the black and white colours.16 bit colours engages with the RGB which is
nothing but (Red,green,blue) format as we everyone know 16 colours is
divided between three colours and the remaining one bit is left out to the
green colour because it has a long lasting endorsing impact In our eyes.
But ,following the 16 bit there is new invention in the house which is the 24 bit
colours which is also equally divided between the three colours of
( Red ,green, blue) and equal of 8 bits are divided between the three.
The most integral and pivotal role in image processing is done by the pixel
processing but there is another thing called spatial resolution which is a one
cannot be counted out by the pixel resolution, while pixel resolution is the
number of pixels in a particular specifically designed frame but spatial
resolution is the one which defines the number of solely dependent pixels per
frame.
There is another type of resolution like spatial which is grey level resolution
which defines the number of solely dependent grey shades on the screen or
the respective PPI (Pixels per inch). These grey shades play a very fine role in
determining the blackness of the screen .For eg, In your mobile phones which
has a AMOLED screen .The intensity or the differentiating factor is that the
how many black pixels or grey shades are present in it, Which is a cruciating
factor when it comes to deal with these particular criterions.
Next moving into the important determining factor which is the quantization
and the sampling which is the technique that does the majority of work in the
conversion of a image processing.
SAMPLING AND
QUANTIZATION TECHNIQUE
As we have seen earlier in the previous paragraphs the image processing
depends on sampling and quantization techniques. Firstly the sampling is the
technique through which the analog image is processed through as a digital
image. It determines the spatial resolution of the image and also defines the
image from the continuous to discrete or the other way around the size, pixel
clarity, the reimage sizing which depends on the sampling ratio and its
sampling technique though the technique is highly negotiable and AI Headed.
The next technique is the quantization technique when we are taking over a
quantization process it is that you are dividing a varying signal into multiple
different quanta in the respective amplitudes . On quantizing we derive a lot of
values which is a lot useful in determining the amplitude frequency for the
digital image processing .Now after determining the quality of the image if we
have to improve the quality of the image there are various bits of imaging
256,128,64,32,16,8,4,2 bits of grey level. Which defines the pixel clarity of the
image. There is a effect called as contouring which when during the decreasing
effect of grey scale some false colours or edges that can influence us which
would lead to wrong objection about the image .
All these effects have a demeaning effect on the picture which is very
sustaining and a demanding effect on it. And these techniques play a
important role in making the picture cleaner, brighter,
sharper which is very enhancing and has a very deep role in bringing
the best quality of picture in the device out for us.
CONCLUSION:
As we have seen the process and everything about the image processing which
is from the analog to digital image processing the nuances and the antique
effect which deals with making the picture in the form of digital for us is the
way going forward ..
SUBMITTED BY
A.SEDUMADAVAN
IInd YR ECE

Digital Image Processing

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DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING

The conversion of image should be done by firstly converting analog to digital

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