Evelyn Canonce LAS WK 3

Science LEARNING ACTIVITY

7 SHEET
Most Essential Learning Competency (MELC) Discuss how energy from the Sun interacts with the
layers of the atmosphere.
MELC Code: (S7ES-IVd-5)

EXPECTATIONS
OBJECTIVES:
K - Describe the features of each layer of the atmosphere
S - Trace how energy from the Sun interacts with the layers of the atmosphere
A - Recognize the importance of atmosphere for the existence of life on Earth.
Prepared by:

PRETEST
Write the name of the layer or part of the atmosphere that answers the riddles.
1. I have the coldest temperature of the atmosphere. Who am I? ______________

2. I am where most of the weather occurs. Who am I?____________
3. 3. My temperature may reach as high as 2000 degrees celsius.
Who am I? ___________________
4. I absorb much of the Sun’s harmful radiation. Who am I?_______
5. I contain most of the ozone layer. Who am I? _______________
B. Label the different layers of the atmosphere.
Practice Personal Hygiene protocols at all times. i

The Earth is completely surrounded by “a sea of air” known as the atmosphere. The pull of
the Earth keeps this sea of air close to the Earth. Without the atmosphere life cannot exist on Earth,
for the atmosphere contains oxygen, the life sustaining gas. From the air, plants get carbon dioxide
needed in order to live. The layer of air also protects us from the intense radiation by day and too
much loss of heat by night.
Air is a mixture of many gases.
Average Composition of Atmosphere
Percentage by Volume
Substance At Sea Level About 9 km up
Nitrogen 78.3 79.2
Oxygen 20.99 7.0
Argon 0.93 0.03
Carbon dioxide 0.03 ---
Hydrogen 0.01 13.6
Neon 0.00123 ---
Helium .0004 0.126
Krypton .000005 ---
Xenon 0.00006 ---
Radon trace
Water Vapor 0 to 4%
Rabago, L. M., et al, Science and Technology 7, Vibal publishing House, INC., p.282
What information do we learn from the third column?

First, we learn that there is very little oxygen high up in the atmosphere. (Note: This is the
reason why hikers experience difficulty in breathing when they climb high mountains.)
Secondly, we learn that the composition of air is NOT uniform throughout the atmosphere.
What if the concentration of carbon dioxide and nitrogen were reversed? The 0.03%
concentration of carbon dioxide is sufficient to keep Earth warm and permits life exist. Increasing its
concentration to 78% will greatly increase Earth’s temperature.
Although water vapor and carbon dioxide make up a very small amount of the gases in Earth’s
atmosphere, they are very important because of their ability to absorb heat. These gases not only
produce important weather features such as cloud and rain, but also have considerable influence on
the overall climate of the Earth, through the greenhouse effect and global warming.
Practice Personal Hygiene protocols at all times. ii

How is Earth's Atmosphere Structured?
Earth’s atmosphere is relatively thin, extending up to at least 500 kilometers (300 miles) above
the planet’s surface. The atmosphere is structured in different layers according mainly to variations
in temperature.
How does temperature vary in the atmosphere?
file:///C:/Users/Asus/Documents/Science7_layers%20of%20atmosphere.pdf
LAYERS OF THE ATMOSPHERE Troposphere

The lowest layer is known as the troposphere, which makes up approximately 75% of the
total mass of the atmosphere and contains 99% of the atmosphere’s water. It is the bottom 16 to 18
km layer of the atmosphere where winds, clouds, and water vapor are found. This is also where
weather phenomena occur.
Air temperature in the troposphere typically decreases as altitude increases as a result of three
mechanisms of heat transfer (radiation, conduction, and convection). The average rate of
temperature decrease is about 6.5 °C per km of altitude increase.
Solar radiation passes through Earth’s atmosphere and heats up the planet’s surface. The oceans
and land absorb approximately half of this incoming solar radiation while a small fraction is emitted
back into the atmosphere as infrared radiation. The heat absorbed by Earth’s surface is then
transferred directly from the land (or the water) to the cooler air closest to the surface through
conduction (the direct spread of heat from one substance to another). Once heated, this air becomes
less dense (or lighter) and rises through a process called convection. As the air rises, it expands and
discharges its heat as it flows upward through the troposphere. After the heat is discharged and the
air cools, it becomes denser and begins to sink. Consequently, the troposphere is generally
warmest near Earth’s surface and coolest at its highest point.
Stratosphere
The next layer, known as the stratosphere, extends from the troposphere upward to
approximately 50 kilometers above Earth’s surface. In the stratosphere, temperature rise with
increasing altitude.
Practice Personal Hygiene protocols at all times. iii

The absorption of UV radiation in the ozone layer that is found in the stratosphere causes
temperature to increase. UV absorption is greatest at the uppermost level of the stratosphere; hence
air temperature is also highest in this region.
The “pause” at the top of the stratosphere is the stratopause.
Mesosphere
Above the stratosphere, lies the mesosphere, which stretches to approximately 90 kilometers
above the surface of Earth. In the mesosphere, temperature begins to decrease again. The
mesosphere’s lower temperature results, in part, from the low concentration of ozone, so little solar
radiation is absorbed in this layer. The mesosphere is dark, with air pressure so low that a human
could not survive in this layer.
Thermosphere
The thermosphere lies above the mesosphere and extends approximately 600 kilometers beyond
Earth’s surface. Temperature begins to increase again in the thermosphere. The increase in
temperature, or inversion, is due in part to the absorption of UV and x-ray radiation and the impact
of the solar wind — a continuous stream of protons and electrons given off by the sun. Space
shuttles fly in this area and it is also where the auroras are found.
Exosphere
The exosphere represents the outermost layer of Earth’s atmosphere. It extends from the top of
the thermosphere to 10,000 kilometers above Earth’s surface. In this layer, atoms and molecules
escape into space, and higher altitude satellites orbit our planet.
Almost all of the energy available at Earth’s surface comes from the sun.
This figure illustrates

What is the Greenhouse Effect? Earth's incoming and
outgoing radiation.
Greenhouses allow sunlight to enter but prevent heat from
escaping. The transparent covering of the greenhouse allows visible light to enter without
obstruction. It warms the inside of the greenhouse as energy is absorbed by the plants, soil and other
things the building. Air warmed by the heat inside is retained in the building by the roof and wall.
The transparent covering also prevents the heat from leaving by reflecting the energy back into the
walls and preventing outside winds from carrying it away.
The Earth’s atmosphere is compared to a greenhouse. Besides nitrogen and oxygen, Earth’s
atmosphere contains trace gases such as carbon dioxide, water vapor, methane and ozone. Like the
glass in a greenhouse, the trace gases have a similar effect on the Sun’s rays. They allow sunlight to
pass through, resulting in the warming up of the Earth’s surface. But they absorb the energy coming
from the Earth’s surface keeping the Earth’s temperature suitable for life on Earth. This process is
called “greenhouse effect” and the trace gases are referred to as greenhouse gases.
ENHANCED GREENHOUSE EFFECT

When people burn more and more organic matter, the amount of carbon dioxide in the air
increase dramatically. Add to it the fact that there are other greenhouse gases aside from carbon
Practice Personal Hygiene protocols at all times. iv

dioxide and water vapor, these include methane, nitrogen oxide, and CFCs. The result may be an
unusual increase in temperature. This is known as enhanced greenhouse effect.
Enhanced greenhouse effect can contribute much to global warming. And prolonged will
bring about climate change. The world is now experiencing various consequences of global warming
and climate change such as rising sea level, floods, droughts, heat waves, wild fires.
Activity 1:
Directions: Make your own 3D model of the different layers of atmosphere.
ACTIVITIES
This output should include the following:
1. Representations of the different Layers of the Atmosphere

Ø Each layer should be neatly labeled and placed in proper order - 30 pts.
Ø Output should be creative and neatly put together - 10 pts.
2. Each layer should have attached or include a list of the following information:
- 50 pts.
Ø Distance from the surface of the Earth
Ø Temperature
Ø Unique description or interesting facts
3. Each output should show Effort and Quality - 10 pts.
Total = 100 pts.
Activity 2: Fill in the missing words and write your answers in your notebook.
1. Earth is surrounded by a blanket of air called _______________.

( the atmosphere, oxygen)
2. The atmosphere is a mixture of ___________. (gases, rocks)
3. About three fourths of the atmosphere is ____________.
(oxygen, nitrogen)
4. The layer of atmosphere closest to Earth is the _____________
(troposphere, carbon dioxide)
5. Ozone keeps most of the sun’s harmful __________ from reaching Earth.
(radiation, sound waves)
B. Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer.
6. This is the layer where meteors, or shooting stars burns up.

A. Troposphere C. Stratosphere
B. Mesosphere D. Thermosphere
7. The layers of the atmosphere are separated according to this change.
A. Altitude C. Elevation
B. Temperature D. distance from the Sun
8. As you get higher off the ground what happens to air temperature?
A. It increases C. it decreases
B. It stays the same D. all of the above
9. Which layer of the atmosphere contains life forms and weather?
A. Troposphere C. Stratosphere
B. Mesosphere D. Thermosphere
10. In a typical troposphere, air temperature decreases with height at the following rate:
Practice Personal Hygiene protocols at all times. v

A) 2.5-degree C per one kilometer
B) 6.5-degree C per one kilometer
C) 10.5-degree C per one kilometer
11. Earth’s atmosphere traps energy from the sun, which
A. Allows water to exist as a liquid
B. Allows solar radiation to penetrate to the surface
C. Allows ozone to form freely
D. Causes meteors to burn up
C. Answer the following questions briefly. 2pts.each
12. In what layers of the atmosphere does temperature increase with height?
13. In what layers of the atmosphere does temperature decrease with height?
14. In the troposphere, why do you think temperature decreases as altitude increases?
15 Why do you think the temperature in the stratosphere increases with height?
Prepared by: Checked & Verified by:
EVELYN C. CANONCE BEATRIZ G. DEGORIO

MT-I/ Science Department Head MT-II/Curriculum Implementation Head
Recommending Approval by: Approved by:
ANICETA B. MOBILLA BENITO P. AVORQUE

HTIII Principal - II
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Science LEARNING ACTIVITY

1. I have the coldest temperature of the atmosphere. Who am I? ______________

Practice Personal Hygiene protocols at all times. i

Air is a mixture of many gases.

Average Composition of Atmosphere

Nitrogen 78.3 79.2

Oxygen 20.99 7.0

Argon 0.93 0.03

Carbon dioxide 0.03 ---

Hydrogen 0.01 13.6

Neon 0.00123 ---

Helium .0004 0.126

Krypton .000005 ---

Xenon 0.00006 ---

What information do we learn from the third column?

Practice Personal Hygiene protocols at all times. ii

How does temperature vary in the atmosphere?

LAYERS OF THE ATMOSPHERE Troposphere

Practice Personal Hygiene protocols at all times. iii

This figure illustrates

ENHANCED GREENHOUSE EFFECT

Practice Personal Hygiene protocols at all times. iv

1. Representations of the different Layers of the Atmosphere

1. Earth is surrounded by a blanket of air called _______________.

B. Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer.

6. This is the layer where meteors, or shooting stars burns up.

Practice Personal Hygiene protocols at all times. v

Prepared by: Checked & Verified by:

EVELYN C. CANONCE BEATRIZ G. DEGORIO

Recommending Approval by: Approved by:

ANICETA B. MOBILLA BENITO P. AVORQUE

Practice Personal Hygiene protocols at all times. vi

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