9

Science 9
Quarter 2 - Module 5
Carbon Hybridization
(S9MTIIg-17)
Science – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 - Module 5: Carbon Hybridization
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Region III

Secretary : Leonor M Briones
Undersecretary : Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Author: Jayson B. Eugelio

Language Reviewer: Vilma DC. Payumo

Content Editor: Florida P. Tolentino / Dayang
Nandith Eden Concepcion G. Isidro
Illustrator: Jayson B. Eugelio
Layout Artist: Jayson B. Eugelio

Management Team
Gregorio C. Quinto, Jr., EdD
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division
Rainelda M. Blanco, PhD
Education Program Supervisor - LRMDS
Agnes R. Bernardo, PhD
EPS-Division ADM Coordinator
Marinella P. Garcia Sy, PhD
EPS – Science
Glenda S. Constantino
Project Development Officer II
Joannarie C. Gracia
Librarian II

Department of Education, Schools Division of Bulacan

Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan
Email address: [email protected]
9

Science 9
Quarter 2 - Module 5
Carbon Hybridization
(S9MTIIg-17)
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Learning Module on Carbon
Hybridization!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators from
public institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator, in helping the learners meet the
standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and
economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning
activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire
the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and
circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the
module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that will
help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also
need to keep track of the learners’ progress while allowing them to manage their own
learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do
the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

Welcome to the Science 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Learning Module on Carbon
Hybridization!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided
and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the
contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or

What I Need to Know competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

This part includes an activity that aims to check

what you already know about the lesson to take. If
What I Know
you get all the answers correct (100%), you may
decide to skip this module.

1
This is a brief drill or review to help you link the
What’s In
current lesson with the previous one.

In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to

What’s New you in various ways; a story, a song, a poem, a
problem opener, an activity or a situation.
This section provides a brief discussion of the
What is It lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.
This comprises activities for independent practice to
solidify your understanding and skills of the topic.
What’s More
You may check the answers to the exercises using
the Answer Key at the end of the module.
This includes questions or blank sentence/
What I Have Learned paragraph to be filled in to process what you learned
from the lesson.
This section provides an activity which will help you
What I Can Do transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life
situations or concerns.

This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of

Assessment
mastery in achieving the learning competency.

In this portion, another activity will be given to you to

Additional Activities
enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References - This is a list of all sources used in developing this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to
consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep
understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

2
What I Need to Know

This module is a continuation of the previous lesson about the Chemistry

of Carbon. This will further explain how the structure of the carbon atom
affects the type of bonds it forms (S9MTIIg-17)
Specifically, after going through this module, you are expected to:
1.define hybridization;
2.differentiate the three types of carbon hybridization;
3.differentiate the ground state, excited state and hybrid state of carbon;
4.illustrate the formation of hybrid orbitals;
5.explain how the carbon hybridization leads to the formation of different
organic compounds; and
6.appreciate the importance of carbon hybridization

What I Know

Directions: Read the following questions carefully and choose the letter of the
correct answer.

1. Which of the following shows the correct electron configuration of carbon

in its ground state?
a. 1s2 2s2 2p2 c. 1s2 2s2 2p3
b. 1s2 2s1 2p3 d. 1s2 2s2 2p1

2. Which of the following statements is NOT true about carbon?

a. The 1s and 2s orbitals of carbon are both filled with two electrons in its
ground state.
b. The electron configuration of carbon in its ground state can be written in
expanded form as 1s2 2s2 2px1 2py1
c. The 2px and 2py atomic orbitals of carbon in its ground state contain one
electron each.
d. The electron distribution of carbon in its ground state is 1s2 2s1 2p3

3. It is defined as the process of mixing or combining of two or more atomic orbit-

als of nearly the same energy into new orbitals of equal energy.
a. hybrid orbital c. electron configuration
b. hybridization d. chemical bonding

3
4. Which of the given words corresponds to the illustration below?

a. ground state c. hybrid state

b. excited state d. none of the above

5. It is a type of carbon hybridization that occurs when one electron from the
2s orbital at the excited state combines with three electrons from the 2p
orbital forming hybrid orbitals with four electrons.
a. sp hybridization c. sp3 hybridization
b. sp2 hybridization d. hybrid orbital

6. It is a type of hybridization where one 2p orbital remains

unhybridized.
a. sp hybridization c. sp3 hybridization
b. sp2 hybridization d. hybrid orbital

7. It is a type of carbon hybridization that occurs when carbon combines with

four other atoms.
a. sp hybridization c. sp3 hybridization
b. sp2 hybridization d. hybrid orbital

8. Which of the following is the CORRECT electron configuration of carbon at

sp2 hybrid state?
a. 1s2 2s1 2px1 2py1 2pz1
b. 1s2 (sp3)1 (sp3)1 (sp3)1 (sp3)1
c. 1s2 (sp2)1 (sp2)1 (sp2)1 2p1
d. 1s2 (sp)1 (sp)1 2px1 2pz1

9. It is a type of carbon hybridization that results in the formation of a double

bond.
a. sp hybridization c. sp3 hybridization
b. sp2 hybridization d. hybrid orbital

4
10. It is a type of hybridization where two 2p orbital remains unhybridized.
a. sp hybridization c. sp3 hybridization
2
b. sp hybridization d. hybrid orbital

11. Which of the following statements is true about sp hybridization?

a. It will result in the formation of single bond.
b. It will result in the formation of double bond.
c. It will result in the formation of triple bond.
d. It will not form any type of bond.
12. Which of the following statements describes sp3 hybridization?
a. The electron distribution becomes 1s2 (sp2)1 (sp2)1 (sp2)1 2p1
b. It happens when 2s orbital combines with three 2p orbital.
c. It occurs when carbon combines with three other atoms.
d. This leads to the formation of a double bond.

13. What do you think will happen if carbon does not undergo hybridization?
a. There will be too many organic compounds.
b. It will result in the creation of new products.
c. Carbon will no longer exist in the planet.
d. It will not form bonds resulting to limited organic compounds.

14. Which do you think is responsible in the formation of an alkene, a

hydrocarbon compound with double bond?
a. sp hybridization c. sp3 hybridization
b. sp2 hybridization d. hybrid orbital

15. What do you think is the importance of having knowledge in the process
of carbon hybridization?
a. It explains the formation of many bonds.
b. It explains the reason why carbon can create variety of organic
compounds.
c. It explains the uniqueness of the element carbon.
d. All of the above

5
What’s In

Do you still remember the things that make carbon unique? Complete the di-
agram below by giving 5 things that you have learned from the previous module
about carbon.

CARBON

Now that you are aware that carbon has many unique properties, let us study
more about how the structure of carbon is related to the formation of different
organic compounds. Are you ready? Let us proceed!

What’s New

Direction: Read the following trivia on some of the common household products
that we have encountered during the pandemic period. Some of these are health
related and some are those we encounter while staying at home. Try to answer
the questions that follow.

Alcohols are one of the most important

molecules in organic chemistry. They are commonly
used as disinfectant and ingredient in beverages.
They are molecules containing hydroxy functional
group (-OH) that is bonded to the carbon atom.

6
Butane, when blended with propane and other hydro-
carbons, may be referred to commercially as LPG or liquefied
petroleum gas. It is also commonly used as petrol component
and fuel for cigarette lighters. Butane is an alkane with four
carbons connected by single bonds.

Acetylene is the chemical compound with the formula

C2H2. It is a hydrocarbon and the simplest alkyne. This
colorless gas is widely used as a fuel and a chemical build-
ing block. As an alkyne, acetylene is unsaturated because
its two carbon atoms are bonded together in a triple bond.

How will you describe the given products? What is the main common
element among these products? How do the structural formulas of these products
differ from each other?
You might notice that the compounds are composed mainly of carbon.
These are examples of organic compounds. You might also notice that the
carbon atoms are connected in either single, double or triple bond. How does it
happen? What is the connection of the structure of carbon in the formation of
these bonds? Let us find out!

Notes to the Teacher

The activities in this module are arranged from simple to complex to help the
learner gradually master the desired learning competency. Give him/her the needed sup-
port or guidance so that he/she will be able to perform the tasks.

7
CARBON HYBRIDIZATION
What is It

The ability of carbon to form different bonds is connected to its structure.

Take a look at this!
The electron configuration of carbon in its ground state is 1s2 2s2 2p2 or it
can also be written in expanded form as 1s2 2s2 2px1 2py1. The illustration below
shows the distribution of electrons at each energy level/orbital. Electrons are
represented by arrow.

ground state
On examining the electron distribution in the carbon atom in its ground
state, we note that the 1s and 2s orbitals are both filled with two electrons. The
2px and 2py atomic orbitals contain one electron each. We might anticipate that
carbon is divalent (having two valence electron). However, experimental evidence
shows that carbon is tetravalent (having four valence electron) and all bonds are
equal. How is it possible? Let us find out!

Carbon Hybridization
The tetravalency of carbon arises from the promotion of an electron from
2s orbital to the empty 2pz orbital. In the excited state, the electron distribution
now is 1s2 2s1 2p3 or in expanded form, 1s2 2s1 2px1 2py1 2pz1. This gives carbon
four unpaired electrons that can form four covalent bonds.

excited state
However, the bonds would not be equivalent since the 2p orbital has
higher energy than the 2s orbital. Some new types of orbitals with equivalent or
equal energies must be formed before bonding takes place.

8
The formation of new orbitals involves the process of hybridization.
Hybridization is the mixing or combining of two or more atomic orbitals of nearly
the same energy into new orbitals of equal energy. The new orbitals formed are
called hybrid orbitals.
In the case of carbon, hybridization may occur in three ways.

1. sp3 hybridization (one 2s orbital + three 2p orbital). When carbon combines

with four other atoms, it undergoes sp3 type of hybridization. From the excited
state, one electron from the 2s orbital will combine with three electrons from the
2p orbital, forming the sp3 hybrid orbitals with four electrons.

excited state sp3 hybrid state

In the hybrid state of carbon, the electron distribution is now 1s 2 (sp3)1

(sp3)1 (sp3)1 (sp3)1. The diagram shows four unpaired electrons which are located
in the sp3 hybrid orbitals of equal energy. This leads to the formation of four
single bonds.

2. sp2 hybridization (one 2s orbital + two 2p orbital). When carbon combines

with three other atoms, it undergoes sp2 type of hybridization. From the excited
state, one electron from the 2s orbital will combine with two electrons from the 2p
orbital, forming the sp2 hybrid orbitals with three electrons. One 2p orbital remains
unhybridized.

excited state sp2 hybrid state

In the hybrid state, the electron distribution is 1s2 (sp2)1 (sp2)1 (sp2)1 2p1.
The diagram shows three unpaired electrons which are located at the sp 2 hybrid
orbitals, and one unhybridized 2p orbital. The orbitals will then overlap resulting to
the formation of a double bond.

9
3. sp hybridization (one 2s orbital + one 2p orbital). When carbon combines
with two other atoms, it undergoes sp type of hybridization. From the excited
state, one electron from the 2s orbital will combine with one electron from the 2p
orbital forming the sp hybrid orbitals with two electrons. Two 2p orbitals remain
unhybridized.

excited state sp hybrid state

In the hybrid state, the electron distribution is 1s2 (sp)1 (sp)1 2px1 2pz1. The
diagram shows that there are two unpaired electrons located in two sp hybrid
orbitals. Two other unpaired electrons are located at the two 2p orbitals. The
orbitals will then overlap resulting to the formation of a triple bond.
Because of this hybridization process, carbon is capable of forming
different types of bonds that results in the formation of different organic
compound. Amazing Isn’t it? Now, let’s try to test what you have learned by
completing the following tasks.

What’s More

INDEPENDENT ACTIVITY 1
Directions: Complete the table below with the correct information being asked in
each column.
Electron Number of Number of
Types of Configuration Atoms to be Unhybridized Type of Bond
Hybridization at Hybrid Combined with 2p Orbital at Form
State Carbon Hybrid State

sp3
1. __________ four 2. _________ single bond
Hybridization

sp2
3. __________ 4. __________ one 5. __________
Hybridization

sp 1s2 (sp)1 (sp)1

6. __________ 7. __________ 8. __________
Hybridization 2px1 2pz1

10
INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENT 1
Directions: Match column A with the correct answer in column B, write only the
letter of the answer.

A B
_____ 1. It gives rise to the formation of triple bond. a. Hybridization
_____ 2. The process of mixing or combining two or b. Hybrid Orbital
more atomic orbitals of nearly the same energy c. sp hybridization
into new orbital of equal energy. d. sp2 hybridization
_____ 3. It gives rise to the formation of double bond. e. sp3 hybridization
_____ 4. It occurs when carbon combines with four f. excited state
other atoms.
_____ 5. It is the new orbital formed through hybridization.

INDEPENDENT ACTIVITY 2
Directions: Look at the illustrations carefully. Label each illustration by choosing
words from the box that corresponds to each illustration.

sp hybrid state sp2 hybrid state sp3 hybrid state

ground state excited statestate

1. _____________________ 2. _____________________

3. __________________ 4. _________________ 5. _________________

11
INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENT 2
Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and write FALSE if is
incorrect.

1. In the excited state of carbon, the electron distribution is 1s2 2s1 2p3 or in
expanded form, 1s2 2s1 2px1 2py1 2pz1.
2. When carbon combines with four other atoms, it undergoes sp2 type of
hybridization.
3. In the sp3 hybridization, the 2s orbital will combine with the three 2p or-
bital forming the sp3 hybrid orbitals.
4. The electron distribution carbon at the sp3 hybrid state is 1s2 (sp)1 (sp)1
2px1 2pz1.
5. In the sp3 hybrid state, there are three unpaired electrons located at the
hybrid orbitals and one electron in the unhybridized 2p orbital.

INDEPENDENT ACTIVITY 3
Directions: Illustrate the hybridization process of carbon from its excited state to
the hybrid states being asked.

sp3 hybrid state

sp2 hybrid state

sp hybrid state

12
INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENT 3
Directions: Answer the following questions.

1. How will you describe the hybridization process?

______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________

2. How will you compare the ground state, excited state, and hybrid
state of an atom from each other?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________

3. How will you relate the process of hybridization to the formation

of different organic compounds?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________

What I Have Learned

Directions: Complete each sentence by supplying the information that you have
learned from the lesson.

The hybridization process involves ______________________________

__________________________________________________________
Carbon hybridization may occur in three ways. These are ____________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________

Different types of bonds are formed when _________________________

__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________

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What I Can Do

Take a walk around your house. Search for some commonly used
household materials that are considered as organic compounds. Complete the
list below and answer the questions that follow.
Organic Compounds at Home

Vinegar

Questions:
1. How will you describe an organic compound?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

2. How are these compounds formed in relation to the structure of carbon?

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

3. What is the importance of carbon hybridization?

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

14
Assessment

Direction: Read the following questions carefully and choose the letter of the
correct answer.

1. Which of the following shows the correct electron configuration of carbon

in its excited state?
a. 1s2 2s2 2p2 c. 1s2 2s2 2p3
b. 1s2 2s1 2p3 d. 1s2 2s2 2p1

2. Which of the following statements is true about carbon?

a. The 1s and 2s orbitals of carbon are both filled with two electrons in its
excited state.
b. The electron configuration of carbon in its ground state can be written in
expanded form as 1s2 2s2 2px1 2py1
c. The 2px and 2py atomic orbitals of carbon in its ground state contain two
electron each.
d. The electron distribution of carbon in its ground state is 1s2 2s1 2p3

3. It is defined as the process of mixing or combining of two or more atomic

orbitals of nearly the same energy into new orbitals of equal energy.
a. hybrid orbital c. electron configuration
b. hybridization d. chemical bonding

4. Which of the given words corresponds to the illustration below?

a. ground state c. hybrid state

b. excited state d. normal state

5. It is a type of carbon hybridization that occurs when one electron from the
2s orbital at the excited state combines with one electron from the 2p
orbital forming hybrid orbitals.
a. sp hybridization c. sp3 hybridization
2
b. sp hybridization d. hybrid orbital

15
6. It is a type of hybridization where two 2p orbital remains unhybridized.
a. sp hybridization c. sp3 hybridization
2
b. sp hybridization d. hybrid orbital

7. It is a type of carbon hybridization that occurs when carbon combines

with four other atoms.
a. sp hybridization c. sp3 hybridization
b. sp2 hybridization d. hybrid orbital

8. Which of the following is the correct electron configuration of carbon at sp3

hybrid state?
a. 1s2 2s1 2px1 2py1 2pz1
b. 1s2 (sp3)1 (sp3)1 (sp3)1 (sp3)1
c. 1s2 (sp2)1 (sp2)1 (sp2)1 2p1
d. 1s2 (sp)1 (sp)1 2px1 2pz1

9. It is a type of carbon hybridization that results in the formation of a triple

bond.
a. sp hybridization c. sp3 hybridization
b. sp2 hybridization d. hybrid orbital

10. It is a type of hybridization where all 2p orbitals are hybridized.

a. sp hybridization c. sp3 hybridization
b. sp2 hybridization d. hybrid orbital

11. Which of the following statements is true about sp3hybridization?

a. It will result in the formation of single bond.
b. It will result in the formation of double bond.
c. It will result in the formation of triple bond.
d. It will not form any type of bond.

12. Which of the following statements describes sp2 hybridization?

a. The electron distribution becomes 1s2 (sp2)1 (sp2)1 (sp2)1 2p1
b. It happens when 2s orbital combines with three 2p orbital.
c. It occurs when carbon combines with three other atoms.
d. This leads to the formation of a triple bond.

13. Which do you think is responsible in the formation of an alkyne, a

hydrocarbon compound with triple bond?
a. sp hybridization c. sp3 hybridization
b. sp2 hybridization d. hybrid orbital

14. What do you think is the importance of having knowledge in the process
of carbon hybridization?
a. It gives us an explanation on how the structure of carbon results in
the formation of many bonds.

16
b. It explains the reason why carbon can create variety of organic
compounds.
c. It explains the uniqueness of the element carbon.
d. All of the above

15. What do you think will happen if carbon does not undergo hybridization?
a. There will be too many organic compounds.
b. It will not form bonds resulting to limited organic compounds.
c. It will result in the creation of new products.
d. Carbon will not no longer exist in the planet.

Additional Activities

You are one of the participants in the Science Club poster making contest
with the theme “Carbon: The Element of Life”. Use the following as a guide in
making the poster.
• Perform background research. Find out what are the common household
products that contain carbon.
• Show the importance of carbon compounds in daily living.
Your grade will be based on the following rubrics:

Evaluation 4 3 2 1
Criteria Excellent Very Satisfactory Fair
Several of the One or two of The graphics No graphics
graphics used the graphics are made by made by the
on the poster used on the the student student are
reflect an excep- poster reflect but are based included.
Graphics
tional degree of student creativi- on the de-
Originality
student creativi- ty in their crea- signs or ideas
ty in their crea- tion and/or dis- of others.
tion and/or dis- play.

All graphics are All graphics are All graphics Graphics do

related to the related to the relate to the not relate to
Graphics
topic and make topic and most topic. the topic.
Relevance
it easier to un- make it easier to
derstand. understand
The poster is The poster is The poster is The poster is
exceptionally attractive in acceptably distractingly
attractive in terms of design, attractive messy or
Attractive-
terms of design, layout, and though it may very poorly
ness
layout, and neatness. be a bit designed. It
neatness. messy. is not attrac-

17
18
What I Know
1. A 6. B 11. C 2. sp2 hybrid state
2. D 7. C 12. B
3. B 8. C 13. D
4. B 9. B 14. B
5. C 10. A 15. D
What’s In
(Answers may vary) 3. sp hybrid state
Some of the possible answers are listed below:
• Carbon is the 6th element
• Carbon has 4 valence electron
• The symbol for carbon is C
• Carbon can be used in many products
• Organic compounds are composed mainly
of carbon INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENT 3
1. Hybridization is the mixing or combining of two or
• Carbon belongs to group IVA
more atomic orbitals of nearly the same energy
into new orbitals of equal energy.
What’s More
2. The electron configuration of carbon in its ground
state is 1s2 2s2 2p2 where the 2s orbital is filled
INDEPENDENT ACTIVITY 1
with two electrons. On the excited state, one
1. 1s2 (sp3)1 (sp3)1 (sp3)1 (sp3)1
electron moves into a higher orbital. At this point,
2. zero (0)
the 2s orbital and 2p (xyz) orbitals have one
3. 1s2 (sp2)1 (sp2)1 (sp2)1 2p1
electron each. Hybrid state formed when the
4. three (3)
orbitals from the ground state combine.
5. double bond
3. Carbon can create variety of organic compounds
6. two (2)
because carbon can form different types of
7. two (2)
bonds. The sp3 hybridization leads to the
8. triple bond
formation of single bond. On the other hand, the
sp2 hybridization and sp hybridization lead to the
INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENT 1
formation of double and triple bond respectively.
1. C
2. A
What I Have Learned
3. D
(Answers may vary depending on what the students
4. E
have learned in the module.)
5. B
What Can I Do
INDEPENDENT ACTIVITY 2
(Answers may vary on the first part of the task)
1. sp3 hybrid state
Answers to the questions:
2. ground state
1. An organic compound is composed mainly of
3. sp hybrid state
carbon. The carbon atoms can form long chains of
4. excited statestate
carbon connected with single, double or triple bond.
5. sp2 hybrid state
2. Organic compounds are formed through the hy-
bridization of carbon.
3. Carbon hybridization creates possibility in the
INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENT 2
formation of different bonds. With these bonds, vari-
1. TRUE
ety of organic compounds are formed. Organic com-
2. FALSE
pounds are useful in doing life processes. It is bene-
3. TRUE
ficial to the planet and to the life it sustain.
4. FALSE
5. FALSE
Assessment
1. B 6. A 11. A
2. B 7. A 12. A
INDEPENDENT ACTIVITY 3
3. B 8. B 13. A
1. sp3 hybrid state
4. C 9. A 14. D
5. A 10. C 15. B
Additional Activity
(Output/poster about “Carbon: The Element of Life”
may vary)
Answer Key
References

Abecilla, Nesjohn L., et al. Conceptual Science and Beyond 9. Quezon City: Brilliant
Creations Publishing Inc., 2014.

Alvarez, Liza A., et al. Science 9 Learner’s Module. Pasig City: Department of Education,
2014.

Alvarez, Liza A., et al. Science 9 Teacher’s Guide. Pasig City: Department of Education,
2014.

Chemistry Guru. “Hybridization of Carbon in Organic Compounds”. Accessed June 2,

2020.
https://chemistryguru.com.sg/hybridisation-of-carbon-in-organic-compounds

Chemistry LibreText. “Hybrid Orbitals”. Accessed June 8, 2020.

https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/
Supplemental_Modules_(Organic_Chemistry)/Fundamentals/Hybrid_Orbitals

19
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education, Schools Division of Bulacan
Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan
Email address: [email protected]